Godly Meditations Upon the Lords Prayer
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The source of this document is the Early English Books Online (EEBO-TCP) website. Those books were transcribed in a character for character manner and can be very cumbersome to read since there was no standard spelling during that time. Many spelling variations such as "unlesse", "vnlesse", and "vnles" regularly appear.
This project was conceived to clean up those books as much as possible and make them more accessible to the interested reader, leading to the creation of a massive list of variant spellings and their corrections. This was used to clean up the text, but is of course only as complete as the list itself. Because of the nature of the original transcription, some words have missing characters or places where the original language (e.g., Greek) was not transcribed. This effort does not change that. Be aware that the original transcription can also be faulty and in some cases entire sentences may be missing.
Although this is no substitute for a properly compared, proofed, and scholarly edition, I believe that the result is a document which is far more accessible, particularly for searching for terms using standard spelling. The document has been cleaned and presented in what I hope is a pleasing and useful format for the vast majority of Christian brothers and sisters who just want access to read these spiritually nourishing works.
However, a word of warning: The Puritans were a very diverse group of people and their age was characterized with godliness, but also much upheaval, disputation and strife. They disagreed on many doctrines and some of these works contain less orthodox or Scriptural views than others. The reader is strongly advised to read with discernment, particularly if it is unknown whether author is trustworthy.
This project took a huge amount of time and skill to bring to fruition. I would particularly like to thank David Jonescue for the initial list of Puritans he found on EEBO and the concept behind this project as well as the continuous, unceasing efforts toward seeing this complete. Without his labor, this would not be available. Alex Sarrouf was invaluable in providing the initial list of over 7,000 spelling variations he had identified and corrected, as well as continuing to review more than 16,000 additions to that list for any typos.
Logan West
(with David Jonescue and Alex Sarrouf)
www.puritansearch.org
GODLIE meditations upon THE LORDES PRAYER, THE belief, and ten commandments, with other comfortable meditations, prayers and exercises. Whereunto is annexed a defense of the doctrine of gods eternal election and predestination, gathered by the constant martyr of God John Bradford in the time of his imprisonment. The contents whereof appear in the page next following.
AFTER DARKNES, LIGHT.
Now first prynted by Rouland Hall, dwelling in gutter lane at the sign of the half Egle and key, the. 12. of October 1562.
A TABLE OF THE CONTENTS of this boke.
- Instructions concerning praierr
- A meditation upon the lords prayer.
- A meditation upon the belief.
- A meditation upon the x. commandments.
- A meditation concerning prayer.
- A brief paraphrase upon the lords prayer.
- A meditation of the coming of Christ to Judgment &c
- A meditation of the sobre usage of the body and pleasures in this life.
- An other meditation to the same effect.
- A meditation for the exercise of mortificatiōs.
- A meditation of the providence of god.
- A meditation of the presence of god.
- A meditation of gods power &c.
- A meditation of death.
- A meditation upon the passion.
- A confession of sins.
- An other confession of sins.
- A prayer for the remission of sins.
- An other prayer for remission of sins.
- A prayer for deliverance from sin &c.
- A prayer for the obtaining of faith.
- A prayer for repentance.
- A communication between Satan and our consience.
- A defense of predestination.
- A treatise of election and freewill.
- A sum of the doctrine of election and predestination.
TO THE READER.
H Ere hast thou (good reader) such godly meditations, prayers and other exercises of that worthy witness of god John Bradford, as god by his singular providence hath betherto preserved and now at the length brought to light for thy comsort and commodity. Daylye and howerlye was this his exercise, to talk with god by faithful and hartye meditation and prayer with power pearcynge the heavens, and many such godly exercises did he leave behind him, which either time hath consumed or elles such as keep them in store to their own private use, do little consider what benefit they withhold from the church of god, which if they shall yet brotherly communicate, there shall not lack good will and diligence to set them abroad. In the mean season, let us with thankfulness receive, read, and practice these, as means to quicken our spirits, to stir up our dulle hearts to a more feruenre inuocatiō of gods holy name. Which howe far it is frō that it should be in us, and what need we have thereof, if our dead senses cannot feel, here may we see and perceive. Here may we learn to flee unto god by prayer, that we run not on still with this unthankful world, into forgetfulness of his great benefits powered upon us, especially for the liberty of his gospel, which we (in much mercy restored now unto us again) so unthankfully receive, so ungodly neglect, so wickedly abuse. God grant us his good spirit to work in us this good work: to loke about us in time: to consider our state past and present, as in deed we have great cause to do, & so with hearty prayer flee unto god to prevent the plagues that are at hand, lest with double woe we find the later ende worse then the beginning.
Instructions to be observed concerning Prayer.
There be nine things that pertain to the knowledge of true prayer.
F Irste to know what prayer is. Secondly, howe many sortes of prayer there be. Thirdlye, the necessity of prayer. Fourthlye, to whom we ought to pray. By whom we must pray. Where to pray, and what to pray. The excellencye of prayer. What we must do that our prayers may be heard.
What prayer is.
PRaier is a simple, unfeigned, humble and ardent opening of the heart before God, wherein we either ask things nedeful, or give thanks for benefits received. Paul in y e first to timothe &. 2. Chap. calleth it by four sondry names in one sentence, to wit, prayer, supplication, intercession and thanks giving. In latyn, Deprecatio, Obsecratio, inte recssio, et gratiarum actio. Wherof the first is for the aduoiding and preventing of evil, the second is an earnest and faruent calling vpō god for anything, y e third is an intercession for other, the fourth is a praisinge of God for things received.
There be .ii. manner of ways how we should pray.
2. First publicly, and that is called comō prayer: and priuatlie, as when men pray alone, and that is called private prayer: and howe both these two are allowed before god y e scripture beareth testimony by the example of all the holy men and women before and after Christ.
Of the necessity of prayer.
3. There be .iiii. things y e provoke us to pray, first the commandment of god, secondly sin in us, which driveth us of necessity to god for succor, life, & mercy, thirdlie our weak nature being unable to do any good requireth prayer to strengthen it, even as a house requireth principal pillars for y e upholding of it, fourthlie the sutteltie of the enemy (who privily lurketh in y e inward parts, waitinge to overthrow us even in those things which we think to be best done) styreth us vehementlye thereunto.
To whom we ought to pray.
4. Thre things pertain to him that must be prayed unto, first that he have such ears as may hear all the world at ones, secondly that he be in all places at ones, thirdlie that he have such power that he may be able to help, and such mercy that he will deliver.
By whom we should pray
5. Christ only is the way by whom we have free access unto the father and for whom our prayers are accepted (our infirmities notwithstanding) without whom all our prayers are abhominable.
Where to pray and what to pray.
6. As touching the place where we should pray, seeing all places are one, there is none forbidden: only the common prayer must be made in what place so ever the congregatyon of Christ doth assemble.
7. What to pray, lieth in the necessity of every man: & for as much as we need both spiritual and corporal things, we may boldly ask thē both. For as to ask spiritual gifts it is profitable & commanded, so to ask corporal, it is necessary and allowed.
Of the excellency of prayer.
8. The worthiness of prayer consisteth in .ii. things: in the dingnitye of the commander who is god the fountain of all goodness, who also commandeth only good things, and in the effect y e followeth it, which is the obtaininge of whatsoever we desire faithfully, according to y e will of God.
What to do that we may be heard
9. First we must put of our own righteousness, pride, and estimation of our selves, and put on christ with his righteousness: secondlye, an earnest faith and faruent love, with the putting of all rancnor, malice & envy is required: finally true repentance knitteth up the knot, for in it are contained all the virtues aforenamed.
I. Breadford.
A meditation of the lords prayer.
Our father.
T Hou good lord, which madest heaven & earth the sea and all that is therein, together with thy dearelye beloved son Jesus Chrysts, and with thy holy spirit: Thou the same god, which openedst thyself to Adam by thy promise: Thou the God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob: Thou which broughtest thy people of Israel forth of Egypt w t a mighty hand and a stretched out power: Thou which gavest thy law upon mount Sinai: Thou which spakest by thy prophets, & last of all in these latter days by thy dearlye beloved son Jesus Christ, whom y e wouldest should be made a second Adam, that as by y e first we are childrē of wrath, carnal and full of concupiscence: so by him we might be made children of grace and spiritual, by communicating with him y e quality, merits virtues, and grace of his flesh, through the operation of the holy spirit, as he communicated with us the substance of our flesh in the womb of y e virgin Marie, by the operation of the same holy spirit, being that blessed seed which was promised to Adam, Abraham, Isaac Jacob, David, which should browse the Serpents head, which should bring the blessing on all nations, which should reign over thi house forever, and mightilye overcome thine and our enemies, as in deed he did by his incarnation, nativity, circumcisiō, erile, baptism, fasting, temptation, doctrine, deeds, mracles, workings, agonies, bloody prayer, passiō, death resurrection, and ascension, and yet he still doth by his mediation and intercession for us, and at the length he will on all partes fully accōplishe by his coming to Iudgemente, which will be suddenly in y e twinkring of an eye, in the blast of a trompete and shout of an Archangel, when he shall be seen with thousands of Saints & innumerable thousands of Angels, all the whole world being on fire, and all people that ever were, are or shall be then standing before his tribunal or judgment seat to render an account of that they have done in this body, be it good or bad: Thou I say, this god which art holy, rightuouse, true, wise, pure, chaste, mighty, merciful, good, graciouse, a hater of sin, an avenger of vnrightuousnes &c, woldeste that I which am borne in sin and conceived in iniquity, which by nature am a child of wrath (for my heart is so vnsearcheably evil that out of it springeth corrupt concupissence, so that the inclination thereof is prone to evil always even frō my youth up: as is my understanding and mind so darkened, that I cannot perceive those things, that be of god of myself, and all the wisdom which I receive from Adam naturallye or other wise attain by labor or study before regeneration: I cannot think a good thought much less wish it or consent unto it and least of all do it) thou I say yet wouldest that I being such a one, in whom dwelleth continual enmity against thee, that I which am nothing but sin and one that doeth evil always before thee, should call thee and believe thee this god & father of our lord and Savior Jesus Christ, to be in very deed my father, that is, thou wouldest I should be moste assured, that thou of thine own good will, which thou barest to me wards before I was, yea before the world was, hast in Christ chosen me to be thy child, & through him art become my most loving father, from whō I should loke for all good things, & be most certainelye persuaded, that loke howe much thou art more then mā, so much thy love and fatherlye providence towards me passeth the love & providence of any father towards his child, in loving me, caring how to help me, providing for me, nourtering me, & helping me in all my needs. So certain y e wouldest have me to be of this, y t to doubt of it, doth most displease thee & dishonor thee, as either
y u were not true, or not able to do these things, or else becamest not my father in respect of thine own goodness ī christ only, but also in respect of my worthiness and deserts. And y t I should not waver or doubt of this that thou art my dear father & I thy child forever through Jesus Christ, it is required in the first commandment, which saith I am y e lord thy god, thou shalt have none other gods but me: again, thy son doth here command me to call thee by the name of father: moreover in the first article of my belief I profess the same in saying, I believe in god the father almighty: besides this their are many other things to confirm me herein, as the creation and government of the world generally, and of every creature particularly, for all is made and kept for man and so for me, to serve me for my commoditye, necessity & admonition. Again the creation of me, in that thou hast made me after thy Image, having a reasonable soul, body, shape &c. where thou mightest have made mea tode, a Serpent, a swine, deformed frātike &c. moreover thy wonderful cōseruacion, norishing and keeping of me hitherto in my infancy, childhode, youth &c. Al these I say, should cōfirm my faith of thy fatherly love. But of all things the opening of thyself by thy word & promise of grace, made after man's fall, first to Adam, then to Abraham Isaac, Jacob, and so to other, being published by the prophets frō time to time, and last of all accomplished by thy dear son Jesus Christ, in whom thy promises are yea & Amē: The opening of thyself thus, I say, in and by Christ, is the most chief & sure certificat, that thou art my father for his sake, & I thy dear child, although of myself I am most unworthy. For thou according to thy promises, hast not spared thy dear son Jesus Christ, but given him to y e death of y e cross for my sins. Thou wouldest he should be made flesh of our flesh, and blood of our blood in the womb of the virgins Marie, by the operation of the holy Spirit that we by the working of the same spirit, through the merits of his flesh & blood, might be made flesh of his flesh and blood of his blood, that is, as he hath the substance of our flesh & blood: even so we might have and forever enjoy in him and through him, the qualities, virtues and gifts of righteousness, holiness, innocence, immortality, and glory, wherewith he hath endued our nature in his own person for us all; that as now in faith & hope we have y e same, so in his coming we might fully enjoy them in very deed, for then shall our bodies now vile, be like to his glorious body. Herein appeareth thy love, not y t we loved thee but that y e lovest us, & hast given thy son for us: herein doest y u cōmende unto us thy love, y t when we were yet sinners, Christ thy der • son died for us, so y t nothing should separate us from thy love in christ Ies{us}, nether death nor hunger &c. For if when we were enemies, we were reconciled unto thee by the death of thy sonne, much more we being reconciled shall be saved by his life. And y t I should not doubt hereof, but certainly be per swaded all this to pertain to me, where I might have been borne of Turks, loe y u wouldest I should be borne of Christian parents, brought into thy church by baptism, which is y e Sacrament of Adoptiō, and requireth faith as well of remission of my sins, as of sanctification and holiness, to be wrought of thee in me by thy grace and holy spirit. Where I might have been borne in an ignorant time and region, y u wouldest I I should be borne in this time and region, wherein is more knowledge revealed, then ever was here or in many places is. Where I might have been of a corrupt judgment, & entangled with many errors, loe y u of thy goodness, as thou hast reformed my Judgment, so doest thou keep it, and now for the same judgments sake doest vouchsalfe somewhat by the cross to try me. By all which things I should confirm my faith of this, that thou always haste been, art and wilt be forever my dear father: in respect whereof I should, be as certain of salvation & of these aheritaunce of heaven forever: 〈◊〉 : thankful, cast my whole care on thee, trust on thee, and call on thee, with comfort: and certain hope for all. things that I wants. For in y t thou hāst given to mē this benefit to be thy child undeserved, vndeseced on my behalf, 〈◊〉 and only in respect of thine own goodness and grace in Christ, lest at any time I should doubt of it: how should I but hope certainly that nothing profitable to me can be denied, in y t thi power is infinite? For as thi good will is declared in adoptinge me, so nothing can be finally wanting me, which may make for my weal (for y t should improve thy power to be almighty) in y t thi will is so boūteously already declared: whereas my be • e •• e requireth to believe in thee y e father almighty, in consideration whereof I should in all things behave myself as a child, rejoice in thee, praise thee, trust in thee, fear thee serve thee, love thee, call upon thee &c.
But alas how heavy hearted am I? How unthankful am I? Howe full of unbelief, & doubtinge of this thy riche mercy? Howe little do I love thee, fear thee, call upon thee. &c.
Oh be merciful unto me, forgive me good father for thine own sake, and grant me the spirit of thy children, to reuele thyself unto me, and Jesus Christ thy dear son our lord, by whō we are made thy children, that I may truly know thee, heartily love thee, faithefully hange upon thee in all my needs, with good hope call upon thee, render faithfully this honor to thee, that thou art my god & father, & I thy dear child through thy grace in Christ, and so always be endued with an assured hope of thy goodness, and a faithful obedient heart in all things to thy holy will. At thy hands and from thee as I must loke for all things, so come I unto thee and pray thee to give me these things which thy dear children have, and thou requirest of me, that I might come & ask them of thee, as now I do through Jesus Christ our lord.
As by this word (father) I am taught to glory of thee and in thee, and all that ever thou hast (for thou art wholly mine, my lord, my god, my father) so by this word (Our) I am taught to glory of all the good, that all & every of thy servants that ever were, are, or shall be, had, have, and shall have. For now I am taught to believe, y t thou hast called me into the communion of thy church & people, whom hereby I perceive y u hast commanded, to be careful for me, as for thē selves, and in all their prayers to be as mindful of me, as of themselves. Again as by this word (Father) I am taught to remember & render my duty I owe to thee wards, faith, love fear, obedience &c: so by thy word (our) I am taught my duty towards thy people to be careful for them & to take their sorrow, poverty, & affliction &c as mine own: and therefore to labor to help them in heart and hand, after my vocation & ability, utterly abhorring all pride, selfloue arrogancy, & contempt of any. By reason whereof I have great cause to lament & to rejoice. To lament because I am so far frō consideration, much more frō doig my duty to thy people in thoughts, words, or deeds. To rejoice, because I am called of thee, & placed ī the blessed society of thy saints, & made a menber & citizen of the heavenly Jerusalem, and because thou hast givē in commandment to all thy church to be as care full for me, as for themselves.
But alas howe far am I herefrō? As I am guilty of unthankfulness for this thy calling me into the blessed communion of thy dear sonne, & church, yea of thyself: so am I guilty of selfloue, unmercifulness, pride, arrogantie, forgetfulness, contempt of thy children: for else I could not but be other wise affected & otherwise labor then I do. Oh be merciful unto me good father, forgive me, & grant for christs sake, that as my tongue soūdeath this word (our) so I may in heart fele the true loye of thy blessed communion, and the true love & compassion which thy children have and fele towards their brethren, that I may rejoice in all trouble, in respect of that ioyefull communion: that I may deny myself to honor thy children vpō earth, and endeuer myself to do them good for thy sake through Ies{us} christ our lord. I come only to thee to give me that which I cannot nor must not else where have, and thou requirest it of me, y t therefore I should as thy child come and crave it to thy glory.
Which art in heaven.
AS by these words (Oure father) I am taught to glory and rejoice for the blessed communion which I am called to w t thee, dear father, with thy Christ, and with thy holy church: so also am I hear taught by these words (Which art in heaven) to rejoice in respect of the place and blessed Ioyes, whereunto at the length in thy good time I shall come. For now I may perceive, that as heavē is thy home, so is it mine also, being (as I am) thy child through Christ, although hear for a time I am bodily on earth and in misery.
Again by these words (which art in heaven) I am admonished, not only to discern thee from earthly fathers, and to know how that thou art almighty, present in all places, and of most purity, to cōfirm thereby my faith, to be provoked y e more to fear thee, to reverence thee &c: but also I am admonished to judge of thy fatherly love by heavenly benefits, and not by corporal simply and alonely, for often times the wicked prosper more in the world, and have more worldly benefits, then thy children. So that by this I see thou wouldest pul up my mind from earth and earthly things, to heaven and heavenly things; and that I should see further by corporal benefits, thy heavenly providence for me. For if y u place me thus on earth and thus bless me as thou doest & hitherto hast done from my youth up, in that thou art nothing so careful for my body as for my soul, how should I but think much of thy providence for it in thy home, where is such glory, as y t eye hath not seen &c. of which things, these corporal benefits of thine, given me on earth, should be as it were inductions, and the taking of them away, admonitions to be more mindful of permanent things, and less mindful of transitory things.
By reasō hereof I have great cause to lament, and to rejoice. To lament because I am so earthly minded, so little desirous of my home, so vnthākfull for thy providence, and fatherly correction here on earth. To rejoice because of my home, and the great glory thereof, because thou doest so provide for me here, because thou doest so correct and chastē me &c. but alas I am altogether a wretch, earthly & unthankful, not only for these corporal benefits, health, riches, friends, fame, wisdom &c: for thy fatherly correction, sickness, temptation &c: but also for thy heavenly benefits, for Christ Jesus, for the promise of thy spirit, for thy gospel &c. Yea even for heaven it self and thy whole glory, as the Israelites were for the land of Canaan, & therefore never enjoyed it but perished in the wilderness. I am proud in prosperity and forget thee, waxing secure & careless. &c: I am impacient in the cross, and to much consider worldly discommoditie. Oh dear father forgive me, for thy Christ's sake all mine unthankfulness, love of this world, contempt and oblivion of thy heavenly benefits, and grant me thi holy spirit, to illuminate the eyes of my mind with the light and lively knowledge of thy presence, power wisdom, & goodness in thi creatures, but specially in christ iesus thy sonne, & so by the same spirit enflame mine affections, that I may desire nothing in earth but thee, and to be present with thee, that my conuersaciō may be in heaven continually. Frō whence grant me still to loke for the lord Ies{us}, to make this my vile body like unto his own glorious and immortal body, according to his own power by which he is able to do all things. As y u hast givē me to be thy child: so I pray the give me these things which be y e properties of thy childrē given frō y • in thy good time.
Hallowed be thy name.
THy name is that whereby thou art known: for names serve to discern, and know one thing from another. Now though thou art known by thy creatures, yet in this our corrupt estate, thei serve but to make us excuseles. Therefore properly, most lively, and comfortably y u art known by thy holy word, and specially by thy promise of grace, and freely pardoning and receiuinge us into thy favor for christ Ies{us} sake. For the which goodness in Christ, y u art praised & magnified, according to thy name, that is, so much as mē know thee in Christ, they magnify thee, & praise thee, which here thou callest halowing or sanctifieng: not that thou art the more holy in respect of thyself, but in respect of mē: who the more they know thee, the more they cannot but sanctify thee, that is, they cannot but as • n them selves by true faith, love, fear, and spiritual service, honor thee: so also in their outward behavior and words, they cannot but live in such sort, as other seeing them, may in and by their holiness & godly conuersatiō, be occasioned, as to know thee so to sanctify thy name accordingly. And therefore thou settest forth here unto me what is the chief and principal wish and desire of thy children and people, namely, that thou in Christ mightest be truly known and honored both of them selves, and of others inwardlye and outwardly. By reasō whereof easily a man may perceive by the contrary, y • the greatest sorrow & grief thy people have, is ignorance of thee, false service or religion, and wicked conversation. Against the which they pray and labor diligently after their vocations, as they for the obtaining of the others, both to others and to them selves, do take no small pain in prayer, study, and godly exercise. By reason hereof I se that I am far from this desire and lamentation which is in thy children: I see mine ignorance of the true knowledge of thee and thy name, for ells it had not needed thee so by thy word to have revealed thyself: I see also mine ignorance of the excellency of the same. For else wouldst y • not have told me, that the sanctifinge of thy name is the chiefest thing, y u requirest of every mā. Again I se my great want of holiness, for else thou nedest not to teach me, to seek & pray for y • I want not. Moreover I se my great peruersitie, which would not seek at thy hands for sanctification, although I se my need thereof. For else y u wouldest not have commanded me to pray for it, if I seeing my want, would have prayed unto the therefore. Last of all I see thy wonderful goodness, which wilt undoubtedly give unto me sanctification & holiness: for y u wouldest not that I should ask for that thing that y u wilt not give me. So that I have great cause to lament and rejoice. To lament, because I am so far from this desire and lamentacion, which thy children have: also because of my ignorance, poverty peruersitie, unthankfulness &c. but most of all because thy holy name, word, and religiō is so blasphemed both in doctrine and in living of many, especially in this Realm. To rejoice I have great cause, for thy exceeding goodness and merry, which woldeste so disclose thyself by thy works, word, & gospel: which wouldest opē these things thus unto me and also give unto me & others sanctification in thy sight by saithe; & in the sight of men by pureness of life & godly conversation. But alas I do heartily neither the one nor y • other, that is lame • or rejoice: as y u father which serchest my heart doest righte well know, Oh be merciful unto me and forgive me, yea give me, of thin own pity, thy holy spirit, to reuele & opē to my mind effectually my miserable estate & condition, my ignorance, peruersitie, & my carelessness for thy true honor & dishonor in such sort, y • I may heartily lament these evils, & have them pardoned & taken frō me through iesus christ our lord. Again good father give me y • same thy holy spirit to reuele to me thy name, word, & gospel, y • I may lively know thee, unfeignedly love thee, heartily obey thee, and above all things desire and labor by all means lawful that all godliness in doctrine and conversation may be exercised both in me and in all others, for whom y u wouldest I should pray.
Hear think upon the state of religion, and the life of the professors of the gospel, that you may lament some, pray for some, and give thanks for some.
Let thy kingdom come.
THy kingdom is in .ii. sortes to be considered, universally and particularly. Uniuersally according to thy power, wherewith thou gouernest all things everywhere, in earth, heaven, hell devils, Angels, men, beasts, fowls, fishes, & all creatures animate & inanimate, sensible and insensible. Of this kingdom spake David when he said: thy kingdom ruleth over all. Particularly thy kingdom is to be considered according to thy grace wherewith thou raignest only in thy church and elect people, ruling and governing all & every menber of thy church to thy glory & their eternal comfort: not that out of this church I exclude thy power (for as therewyth thou defendest thy people, so thou punishest thy enemies) but because thy grace is specially considered, being (as it were) the very keeper that keepeth and guydeth thy people. The time will be when this kingdom of grace and power, now being as distinct, shall be united & made one kingdom of glory: which will be when Christ shall give up his kingdom into thine hands, that is in the resurrection, whan death the last enemy shall be subdued, and thou shalt be all in all. In the mean season this kingdom of grace is miraculously & mightily propagated, enlarged, and governed by y • true ministry of thy word and Sacraments, thorough the working of thy holy spirit. And this is the mean and way, whereby as thou didest first plant, so doest thou enlarge, amplify and preserve y • same. This kingdom of grace begun, continued, & enlarged by the true preaching of thy gospel and ministratiō of thy Sacraments, is the thing which Christ teacheth here thy children to pray for, that it might come, that is to say, that thy gospel might so mightily, purely, & plentuouslye be preached (maugre the head of all thine enemies) that the number of thine elect might be brought in, and so the kingdom of thy glory might appere. So that as I see thy chidren desire, pray, & labor, y • thy gospel might be truly preached, hard, and lived in themselves, & in others: so they lament the not preaching & refusing, the not living & unbelieving thy gospel: yea they lament the ling ring of the coming of thy christ, for in his coming they know thei shall be like unto him, and having this hope they purify thenselnes as he is pure.
By reason hereof I see first that I am far from this desire and lamenting, which thy children have, I see my ignorance of thy kingdom and power every where, of thy grace only in thy church, & of thy glory, when all the enemies of thy grace shall be cast down, & thy glory and power shall embrace eche other. I se my ignorance how acceptable a service to thee is the true preaching & the hearig of thy gospel: for else y u hadst not needed to have placed this petition next to the petition of the sanctifiing of thy name. Again I see here my vnhablenes to enter into thy kingdom, and to attain to it. For ells what need should I have to pray for that to come from thee, which other wise may be archeiued. Thirdly I se also my peruersitie, & contempt of thy kingdom & grace. For although I se my want, yet I would not desire thy kingdom to come, if y u didest not command me to pray so: for if I would have prayed for it, y u wouldst not have commanded me. Last of all I see thy goodness, which wilt bring thy kingdom, & that as generally by sending forth ministers to preach truli: so particularly by regenerating me more and more, and by giving me as grace here, so glory else where: for thou wouldest not I should pray for that, which thou wilt deny. So that I have great cause to lament and rejoice. To lament because of my miserable estate and condition, because of my sin, ignorance, rebellion, peruersitie, Satan's power, contempt of thy grace, thy gospel & ministry, here or ells where. To rejoice because of thy goodness and great mercy, which hast brought me into thy church, kepest me in it, and wilt do so still: also because of the Ministry of thy word and Sacraments, by which the holy ghost is and will be effectual: and finally because of y • great glory, whereunto y u hast called me, & now wilt give unto me, asking the same. But alas how unthankful I am & sorowles, lord thou knowest for my heart is not hid from thee &c. Oh be merciful unto me and forgive me, good father, and grant the Spirit of thy children, to reveal unto me my ignorance of thy kingdom, my poverty and peruersitie, that I may lament the same, and daily labor for thy help and thy holy spirit, to suppress the kingdom of sin in myself and in others. Again grant me that same thy holy spirit to reveal to me thy kingdom of power, grace, and glory, to kindle mine affections, to regenerate me more & more, to reign in me, as in a piece of thy kingdom, to give to me to desire, to pray, and to labor for thy kingdom, both to myself and to others effectually, to thy glory, & to assure my conscience of thy goodness, that thou wilt give me grace, and glory &c.
Here cal to mind the state of the ministry & ministers, the light and life of gospellers, therrours & heresies which mē be entangled withal.
Thy will be done.
AS thy power is infinite, so is thy wisdom accordingly. Whereby as we may perceive, that nothing is or can be done against thy power, or otherwise then by it: so is there not nor cannot be any thing done against, or otherwise, then by thy omnipotent & secret will, which is always, as thou art, good holy, and just, howe far so ever it seme otherwise to our foolish reason and indgemēt. And therefore here we are taught to pray that thy will may be done here without sin on man's behalf, as it is on the Angels behalf in heaven.
Again for as much as thou art incomprehensible of thyself as well concerning thy power as concerning thy wisdom, we may not according thereto search thee, but rather adore and worship thy majesty, & tremble at thy Judgments and works, and therefore pray always, that we may be content with thy will, and be borome thereto. And for as much as thou hast revealed to us so much of thy will in thy word written as is necessary for us in this life to know, yea as we can attain unto, and a little further: we ought to take all things done there against as sin and transgressyon, although thou canst use the same sin to serve thy prouydence. Of the which providence w • cannot nor may not Judge further then thou hast & shalt open it unto us. So that this petition (Thy will be done) is not simply to be understand concerning thy omnipotent will vn revealed, against the which nothing is nor can be done, but rather concerning thy will revealed in thy law & gospel, the which thou here teachest me that we should desire, not only to know it, but also to do it, and that in such perfection & willingness, as it is in heaven. The which thing I perceive hereby that thy childrē do desire daily in & for themselves and others, & do lament the contrary, in whomsoever it be, so that often their eyes gushe out with rivers of tears because men keep not thy laws.
By reason hereof I see that I am far from the syghes and tears of thy people. I see my ignorance of thy will if thou hadeste not opened the same by thine own mouth. I see my ignorance, how acceptable a service obedience to thy will is, and therefore doest y u place this petition amongst the first and continual desires of thy childrē. Again I se my poverty in godly obedience, which had need to be taught to pray for it, thereby to signify unto me my want and vnhabilitie to attain it, but by thy gift. Thirdly I se my disobedience: for else never wouldst thou have commanded me to have prayed for the doing of thy will, if I seeing my want, would have prayed so.
Last of all I se thy goodness, which wilt give to me and others to obey thy will: that is, to love thee with all our harts, to love our neighbor as our selves, to die to our selves, to live to thee, to take up our cross and to follow thee, to believe, to repent &c: for ells thou wouldest never have bidden us, to pray for a thing which we should not loke for.
So that I have great cause to lament and rejoice. To lament, because of my miserable state and condition, because of my sin, ignorance, poverty, and peruersitie, also because thy will is everywhere either not known, or contemned, and Satan's will, the will of the world, and of the flesh readily obeyed. To rejoice I have great cause, for that thou hast opened thyself and will unto mankind, for that also▪ thou peculiarlye hast taught me these things, and because also thou wilt grant me grace to do the same. But alas howe unthankful I am, and how hard hearted, thou Lord doest know. Oh be merciful unto me and forgive me. I pray thee graciouse god grant me thy holy spirit, to reveal to me my ignorance of thy will, my poverty and peruersitie, that I may heartily bewail it &c, and by thy help and working of the same spirit may suppress the will of the flesh. Agayne grant me thy holy spirit, to reuele to me thy will declared in thy law and gospel, that I may truly know the same, and enflame so my affections, that I may will and love the same, in such sort, that it may be my meat and drink to do thy will.
Here cal to mind the .x. cōmaūdementes of god particularly or generally, what therein he requireth, and pray for the same particularlye as you se your need, & that not only for yourself but also for other.
Praye for patience to suffer what cross soever god shall lay vpō you, & pray for thē that be under y • cross that they may be patient: pray for spiritual wisdom in every cross peculiarlye, or publikelye, that you may see and love gods will.
Geue us this day our daily Bread.
BY Bread the food of the body, is understand all things necessary for this corporal life, as meat, drink, health, success in vocatyon &c. By this word Gyue, we should understand, that not only spyrytuall things, but also corporal benefits are gods free gifts, and come not for our worthiness, or traueyle taken about the same, although ours traueyls be often times means, by the which god doth give corporal things.
By dailye is understand the contented minds of thy children with that which is sufficient for the present time, as having hope in thee, y • they shall not want, but daily shall receive at thy hands plenty and enough of all things. By this word our, is as well understand public benefits, as peace in the common weall, good Magistrates, seasonable wether, good laws &c: as particular benefits, as be children, health name, success in the works of our vocation, &c. And besides this, by it we should se the care evē for corporal things, which thy children have for others as well as for themselves.
So that here I may learn how far I am frō that I should be, and I see thy children are come unto. I se my ignorance also, how that as spiritual things do come from thee: so do temporal things: and as they come from thee, so are they conserved and kept of thee. And therefore thy children are thankful and look for them as thy mere gifts, notwythestandynge the means which they use if they have them. How be it they use them but as means, for except y u work therewith, all is in vain.
Again here I am taught to be content with sufficient for the present time, as thy children be which have the shortness of this life always before their eyes, and therefore they ask but for daily sustenaūce, knowing this life to be compared to a day, yea a watch, a sound, a shadow, &c. Moreover I may learn to se the compassion and brotherly care, thy children have one for another. Last of all here I may see thy goodness, which as thou wilt give me all things necessary for this life (or else y u wouldest not bid me ask &c) so thou commaundest all men to pray and care for me, and that bodily, much more then if they be able, they are commanded to help me both in body & soul. By reasō whereof I have great cause to lament and rejoice. To lament because I am not so affected, as thy children be, because of my ignorance my ingratitude, my peruersitie and contempt of thy goodness, and of the necessity of thy people, which alas be in great misery, some in exile, some in prisō, some in poverty, sickness. &c. To rejoice I have great cause, because of thy goodness, in teaching me these things, in commaundinge me to ask whatsoever I want, in giving me so many things unasked, in keeping the benefits given me, in commaundinge men to care for me, to pray for me, to help me. &c. But alas, how far I am from true lamentacion and rejoicing, lord thou knowest. Oh be merciful unto me, and help me, forgive me, and grant me thy holy spirit, to reveal to me my need, ignorance, great ingratitude, & contempt of thy mercies & thy people, and that in such sort, that I might heartily lament and bewail my misery, and through thy goodness be altered with thy people, to mourn for the miseries of thy children, as for mine own.
Again reveal to me thy goodness (dere father) evē in corporal things that I may see thy mercy, thy presence, power, wisdom, and righteousness in every creature, and corporal benefits, and that in such sort, that I may be thoroughly affected, truly to reverence, fear, love, obey thee, hange upon thee, to be thankful to thee, & in all my need to come unto the, not only when I have ordinary means by the which thou commonly workest, but also when I have none, yea when all means and helps are clean against me.
Here remember the state of your children, and family, also your parents neighbors, kinse folks, also your friends, country, and magistrates &c: as you shall have time thereto and by gods good Spirit shall be provoked.
Forgeue us our debts, as we forgive them that are debtors unto us.
BY our Debtes are understand, not only things we have done, • ut the omissiō and leaving undone of the good things we ought to do.
By our, is not only understand the particular sins of one, but also generally the sins of all and everyone of thy church.
By forgyuenes, is understand free pardon and remission of sins, by the merits and deserts of thy dere son Jesus Christ, who gave himself a ransom for us.
By our forgeuing of other men's offenses to us ward, is understand thy good will, not only that it pleaseth thee that we should live in lone and amytye, but also that thou wouldeste have us to be certain of thy pardonynge us of our sins. For as certain as we are that we pardon them that offend us, so certain should we be that thou doeste pardon us: whereof the forgeuing our trespassers is (as it were) a sacrament unto us.
So that by this petitiō I am taught to se that thy children, although by imputation they be pure from sin yet they acknowledge sin to be & remain in them, and therefore do they pray for the remissiō & forgiveness of the same.
Again I am taught hereby, to see how thy children do consider & take to heart, not only the euells they do, but also the good thy leave undone. And therefore they pray thee heartily for pardon.
Moreover I am here taught, to see that thy children are careful for other mē, and for their trespasses, and therefore pray, that they might be pardoned in saying, our sins, and not my sins.
Besides this I am taught here to see, how thy children not only forgive all that offend them, but also pray for the pardoning of the offenses of their enemies, and such as offend them. So far are they from malicousnes, pride, reuengemēt &c. Last of all I am taught to see howe merciful thou art, which wilt have me to ask pardon: whereof thou wouldest that we should ī no point doubt, but be most assured, that for Christ's sake thou herest us, and that not only for our selves, but also for many others, for y • doest not command us to ask for any thing thou wilt not give us.
By reason whereof I have great cause to lament, and rejoice. To lament because of my miserable estate, which am so far from these affections, that are in thy children: which am so ignorant & careless of sin, not only in leaving good undone, but also in doing evil, and that daily in thought word and deed &c. I speak not of my carelessness for other folks sins, as of my parents, children, family, magestrats &c neither of the sins of them, to whom I have given occasion to sin.
To rejoice I have great cause, because of thy mercy in opening to me these things, in cōmaundinge me to pray for pardon, in promisinge me pardon, and in cōmaundinge others to pray for me. I ought surely to be persuaded of thy mercy, though my sins be innumerable. For I se not only in this but in every petition howe that everyone of thy church prayeth for me: yea christ thy son who sitteth on thy right hand, prayeth for me &c. Oh dear father be merciful unto me, and forgive me all my sins, and of thy goodness give me thy holy spirit to opē mine eyes, that I may se sin, y • better to know it, y • more truly to hate it, & most earnestly to strive against it, & that effectually both in myself, and others.
Again, grant me the same thy holy spirit to reuele unto me the remedy of sin by christ only, & to work in me faith, to embrace the same thy Christ and mercies in him, that I may henseforth be endued with thy holy spirit more & more to begin and obey thy good will continually, & to increase in the same forever.
Here call to mind the special sins you have committed heretofore. Remember, if you have occasioned any to sin, to pray for them by name: remember that gods law should be so dere unto us y • the breaking thereof in others, should be an occasion to make us to lament with tears &c.
Lead us not into tentacion.
BEcause of our continual & great infirmities, because of the great diligence & subtleties of our enemies, and because y • art wont to punish sin w t sin (which of all punishmētes is y • greatest & most to be feared) In this petition y • wouldest have thy children to have y • same in remēberaunce, & for a remedy hereof y • hast appointed prayer. So that y • only cause why any are overcome & led into temptation, is for y • they forget, what they desire in y • petition going before this: which should be never out of their memory, to provoke thē to be more thankful to thee, & more vigilant & heedie hereafter for falling into like perils. For which to be avoided, y • doest most graciously set forth a remedy, in cōmaūdinge us to pray after pardon for our sins past, for thy grace to guide us, so that we be not led into tentacion, but might be delivered from evil. And because thou wouldeste have all thy childrē to hange wholye upon thee, to fear thee only, and only to love thee, thou doest not teache them to pray, suffer us not to be led, but lead us not into temptation, that (I say) they might only fear thee, & certainly know that Satan hath no power over so much as a pigge, but whatsoever thou geueste unto him, and of thy secret but most just judgment doest appoint him to use, not as he will (for then we were all lost) but as thou wilt, which canst will nothing, but that which is most just. As to give them to the guidīg of Satan, which will not be guided by thy grace, as y • diddst Saul &c.
Occasions to evil are in two sortes. One by prosperity & success, another by adversity & the cross &c. the euells coming of success, commonly are unthankfulness, prid, security, & forgetting our selves, forgetting of others, forgetfulness of god, of our mortality &c. The euells coming of aduersytie, commonly are impatiency, murmuring, grutchīg dispayring, contemning of god, flattering of men, stealing, lieng &c, w t many other euells, whereto temptations will entice a man that is left to him self: whereas to one that is guided with gods spirit, tentacions are but trials to the glory of god, comfort of the tempted, and edifieng of thy church. But as I said, if a man be left alone, tentacions entice even to the devil him self. And therefore thy children pray to be delivered from evil, understanding thereby Satan himself, the sower and supporter of all evil. And this thy children do as well for others, as for them selves. So that I may learn hereout many good things.
First to remember often our infirmity and weakness, and the dangerous estate we stand in in the respect of our flesh, of the world which is full of evil, of Satan which seeketh to sifte us and as a roaring lion to destroy us, & of our sins, which deserve all kinds of punishments and correction: that I might with thy children fear thee, watch, pray and desire the day of redemption from all euells.
Again I may learn here, that to avoid all dangers & evil, is not in y • power of mā, but only thy work. By reason whereof I should consider thy great goodness, which hither to hast kept me frō so many euels, both of soul & body, yea of name, goods &c: as thou hast done in my infancy, childhode, youth, middle age &c.
Thirdly I may learn here, that I should be careful for others, both that they might be delivered frō their euells, & that they might be preserved frō tentatiō, & from being overcome in the same, and therefore y • teachest me to pray, not deliver me frō evil simply, but deliver us from evil.
Last of all I am taught hereby, so see thy goodness towards me which wilt deliver me from evil, and frō being overcome in temptations. For thou wouldst not have me to ask for that, which I should not loke for at thy hands certainly. By reason whereof thou wouldest have me to be in a certainty of saluatiō, forever. For ells I cannot believe my prayer to be heard, if that finallye I should not be delivered from evil.
And therefore thou ioynest hereto a giving of thanks, which with thy Church I should say (For thine is the kingdom, thine is the power, thine is the glory forever)
By reason whereof I have great cause to lament, and to rejoice. To lament because of my corruptiō, infirmity, weakness, oblivion, and carelessness for thy people, ingratitude &c: because of Satan's power, vigilancy, & prudency, which hath overcome most grave, wise and holy men, whereof some never recovered: as Cain, Cham, Achitophel, Saul, • udas &c. To rejoice because of thy goodness, which teachest me this, & she west me the remedy, commaundest all thy Church to pray for me, 〈◊〉 wilt at length deliver me from all • uel, and give me glory. But alas I • m all together careless & miserable. Oh be merciful unto me dere father and for christs sake forgive me all my • inns: Grant me thy holy spirit to reuele to me mine infirmties, weakness, perils, dangers &c: in such sort, that as I may heartily lamente my miseries, so I may ask and obtain thy grace to guide me from all evil forever more.
Again grant me the same thy holy spirit, to reuele to me thy love & kindness towards me (and that in eternity) in such sort, that I may be throughlye persuaded of the same, become thankful unto thee, & daily expecte and loke for the reuelacion of thy kingdom, power, and glory, as one that forever shall have the fruction of the same, through thine own goodness and mercy in Christ, prepared for me before the beginning and foundation of the world was laid.
Here cal to mind our security, Satan's vigilancy, our negligence, his diligence, our infirmity, his ability, our ignorance, his craft and subtilitie, &c.
Item call to mind how that he hath overthrown for a time many of the dear Saints of god, to whom we are to be compared in nothing: a • Adam, Eve, Lot, Judas, Thamer, Moses, Aaron, Mirtan, Sampson, Gideon, Clie, David, Solomon, Hezekiah, Josiah, Peter, Thomas, and innumerable moe.
Item call to mind the goodness of god, and of our Shepeherd Christ, which hath kept us hitherto, keepeth us still, & teacheth us here to know that he will keep us forever. For he would not have us to ask for deliverance from evil, if that he would not we should certainly loke for the same. If thou doubt of final perseueraunce, y • dishonorest god. Be certain therefore, rest in hope, be still in his word. Se also how he hath commanded his whole church and every member thereof, to pray for thee as well as for them selves, in these and all other things.
Now and then go about to reckon how many and diverse kinds of euells there be, that thereby, as you may know you are delivered from none, but by gods great goodness: so you may see that the number of euells that you have, are nothing to be compared to the multitude of evils wherewith (if your christ were not) the devil would all to beraye and daub you.
But what are all the miseries and euels that can be, to be compared to the least joy, prepared for us in heaven? Oh think of those joys, and pray that when the tide of death cometh, we may hale forth of the haven of this flesh & this world ioyefully. In praieng this petitiō call to mind the euells you have been in, the euells you are in, and the euells you may fall in, if god should not preserve you, that you might be stirred up the more to thankfullnes to prayer, to trust in god, to modesty &c.
For thine is the kingdom, thine is the power, thine is the glory forever.
AS in the beginning of this prayer by these words (our father which art in heaven) thy children are excited & stirred up to a full confidence of obtaining the petitions following & all things necessary: So in y • latter end y u hast added for the same purpose, these words (For thine is the kingdom thin is &c) Wherein I am taught these many things: First that in prayer I should have such consideration of thy kingdom, power, glory and eternity, that my mind should be stricken w t an admiration of the same. Secondly that I should so consider them, especially in prayer, that I should not doubt, but that thou workest, rulest & gouernest all things everywhere in all persons and creatures, moste wysely, iustelye, and mercifully. Thirdely that in prayer all my petitions should tend to the setting forth of thy power, of thy kingdom, and of thy glory. Last of all that in prayer I should in no wise doubt of being heard but be assured, that thou which hast commanded me to pray, and hast promised to here me, doest moste graciousely for thy mercies sake and truths sake hear my petitions, according to thy good will through Jesus Christ thy dear son our lord and only savior.
By reason whereof I have great cause to lament and rejoice. To lament, because I consider not these things in prayer, in such sort, as should move me to admiracion and gratitude: because I consider not thy power, and wisdom generally in all things: because I am so careless, for thy kingdom: and because I am so full of dubitacion and doubtinge of thy goodness. To rejoice I have great cause, because thou reuelest these things unto me on this sort: because of thy power, kingdom and glory, which maketh to the hearing of my prayers, and helping of me: because thou wilt use me as thine instrument to set forth thy kingdom, power, & glory: and because it pleaseth thee to here my prayers and assuredly wilt save me forever.
But alas how far am I frō these lamentacions and reioycinges? by reason whereof I deserve damnaciō. Oh be merciful unto me▪ forgive me, and of thy 〈◊〉 grant me thy holy spirit 〈◊〉 reveal to me my blindness, oblivion, and contempt of thy kingdom, power and glory, w t the greatness of my doubtings: that I may heartily as lament them, so have them pardoned, and taken frō me through the merits of Jesus Christ thy son.
Again give me thy holy spirit, to reueile to me in such sort thy kingdom, power, glory, and eternity, that I may always have the same before mine eyes, be moved with thadmiration thereof, labor effectually to set forth y • same, and finallye as to have the sruic • on thereof after this life: so increase • an assured, certain and lively expectacion of the same, that I may always & in all things rejoice in thee thorough Christ, and give lauds thanks & praises perpetually unto thy moste holy name, oh blessed father, son and holy ghost, three persons & one god, to whom be all honor & glory world without ende.
Here think, that if the kingdom power, glory and eternity be gods which is our father, what our dignity is, which be his children: if the power be our fathers, of whō should we be affraies? if the devil be subject to the lords power & kingdom (as he is) howe can the subject have power over us, which be sons and heirs, in that he hath not power over porketts w t out the providence and permission of god? Therefore full well should we pray, lead us not into temptation, rather then let us not be led into temptation. For power is the lords, and the devil hath none, but that he hath of gods gift. No he were not of capacity, to receive power, if god did not make him of capacity, although the execution of it, is rather of gods permission.
A meditation upon the twelve articles of the Christian faith.
I believe in god the father. &c.
T Hy people (oh lord god the father of our savior Jesus Christ) do here in saying this article (I believe in god the father almighty &c) by faith know that thou together with Jesus Christ and the holy ghost, diddest create all things that be in heaven and in earth (for by heaven and earth are understand all things therein). And as they know this, so they by the same faith do see thee the same god the father the son and the holy ghost, to govern all things after thy great wisdom, power, righteousness, and mercy, using every creature they see as means to put thē in remembrance of fearing, reueren cing, trusting, & loving the: for in every creature they behold thy presence, power, wisdom and mercy,
Again by this word (Father) they declare their belief, how that they are not only thy creatures, and all that ever they have to be thy graciouse gifts and blessings, but also how that they are thy childrē, dearly beloved & cared for of thee through Jesus christ. Where through (notwithstanding their unworthiness) as they conceive a sure hope of thy goodness and fatherly love towards them in soul and body forever: so are they thankful for their creation, & for that thou hast made thē thy excellet creatures, lords of all. They are thankful for the creation of all creatures, & use the same w t thankfulness, as visible tokens of thy invisible love: they are thankful for thy conseruing and keeping them, & for the governing them and all this world, lamenting that they are no more thankful, that they believe no deper, that reason hath so great a swing with them in these matters.
But I moste gracious good lord and father, though I say, I believe in thee my father almighty maker of heaven and earth, yet thou knoweste that I am full of much doubtinge, not only of this whether thou art my good, almighty, and moste loving dear father in christ (because I fele in myself such a conscience of unworthiness, & so great want of those things which thou requirest of thy children, and so transfer the cause of my being thy child in part to myself where it is due only and wholly always to thy mercy and grace in Christ) but also thou knowest my doubting of my creation and governance, and of the creation and governance of all this world (as I declare by my unthankfulness for my creation, for mine adoption, for my gubernation, for thy providence for me) or ells dear father I could not but heartily with thy childrē rejoice and praise thy holy name, and that continually, being hence forth careful for nothing but howe to please thee & profit thy people, & that they might praise thy name in all things for ouermore, desiringe the sanctification of thy name, the coming of thy kingdom, the doing of thy will upon earth as it is in heaven.
Thou mightest have made me a dog, but of thy goodness hast made me a creature after thine Image: y • mightest have made me a Turcke, a Jew, a Sarracen, but thou hast made me a christiā, a member of thy Church, thou after my birth mightest have left me, and in all need have made no providence for me, as we sometimes see hath happened unto others, but yet thou never diddest so with me, and yet I am of all others most unthankful.
Thy creatures I thankfully use not, thy invisible love by thy manifold visible tokens I consider not, as now, I should by this apparel of my body, by this corporal health by this light, by this my hearing, seeing, feelinge, memory, understanding, time, place, company, creatures, and benefits, as well in keeping innumerable evils from me both in soul and body, which ells could not but come to me: as also in gyuinge to me presently so many things as w t out thy especial grace & working I never could have had, or presently could keep them. In thy creatures I see not thy power, for I fear the not, I see not thy presence for I reverence thee not, I see not thy wisdom, for I adore the not, I see not thy mercy, for I love the not I praise the not but in lips & tongue and therefore in that all thy creatures do teache me, cry out upon me to be thankful to the, to love, fear, serve thee and trust in the and that continually, in that I do not so, they cannot but cry out upon me and against me in thy sight, & in the day of Judgment will weapon themselves against me.
Oh that I did now consider this. Oh that my blind eyes & my deaf ears were opened: oh that my miserable and foolish heart were made wise and converted. This only thou canst do which haste all men's hearts in thy hands to bow▪ them as pleaseth the: bow my heart good Lord into thy testymonyes, open my eyes make me to here for thi mercies sake, that I may believe and so love the, be thankful to thee, amende in all things and serve the, though not as thy dear servants do, yet at the least as other brute creatures do, that is to obey the and to be profitable to others.
Now for as much as my sins let this and all good things from me, I beseech the pardon me all my sins according to thy gracious promise for our lord Jesus Christ sake. Amē.
I believe in Jesus Christ his only son &c.
THy servants (O Christ Jesus) and people do know by faith, that as thou art almighty and god with the father by whom all things were made, and are ruled (for thou art god eternal coequal and consubstanciall with the father and the holy ghost) so thou art man and haste taken our nature upon thee by the operation of the holy ghost in the womb of the virgin mary, and art become the blessed seed which hast bruised y • serpēts head, the blessed seed in whō all nations are blessed, the prophet whom Moses dyde prophecpe of, the samplare he saw in the mount, the truth and body of all the types, figures, and shadows of the old law, the Messias Christ and savior of thy people, the aduocat and redeemer, the pacifier of gods wrath for sins, the opener of heanen, and giver of everlasting life.
This they know thou broughtest to pass in thy human nature, by thy incarnation and natiuitye, by thy being here on earth, by thy lyning, teaching, fasting, praieng, especially by thy suffering under Pontius Pilate, by thy death, burial, resurrection, ascension unto the heavens, and raygning on the righte hand of the father, from whence thou shalt come to judge both the quick & the dead: and as they know this, so by faith they apply it also to themselves, that for their sake thou waste made man, didest pray, fast, wast tempted didest die, rosest again, & diddest ascend into heaven, and there art set their advocate, bishop, and high priest, always appearinge in gods sight for them, from whence they look for thee, knowige that 〈◊〉 wilt not enter into judgment with them to damn them, which wouldest damn thyself for them.
By this faith they felt these affections in them selves, namely the batred of sin, the fear of god, the love of god, trust in thee, and love to thy church. The hatred of sin thei felt because it is so foul a thing as would not be washed away with any other thing then with thy precious blood shedinge: the fear of god, because his anger is so great against sin that no less price could pacify his wrath then thy most painful death: the love of god, because he hath so loved them that he would not spare thee his dear son for them, ever whā they were his enemies: trust in thee, because thou haddest no respect to thyself but most willingly didest give thyself wholly to be our savior and servant: love to thy people and church, because generally & particularly in every menber of the same, they see howe dear they are to thee, and therefore they cannot but be so to them. Oh howe do they imitate and follow thy foot steppes? how do they rejoice when they are in any thing by afflection made like to thee? Oh howe do they lament their sins, ingratitude, unbelief, love thee, and wholly yield themselves unto thee? where as I (o graciouse god & dear savior Jesus Christ) though I say I believe in thee which was conceived by the holy ghost, yet alas I do but bable this, for nothing is ells in me but unbelief. Of thy power & love, of thine anger & mercy I have but an opinion, as my insensiblenes and unthankfulness doth declare.
If a man should show me friendship but in a trifle, or suffer any thing at all for me, I could not but be thanfull: and thou besides my creation, hast redeemed me and brought me into the number of gods childrē (then which thing nothing is greater) and loe I am unthankful.
Thou hast suffered much for me: frō heaven thou camest into earth to fetch me into heaven, but I regard it not.
Thou barest my sins on thy back suffering a most bitter death, but I am so far from thankfulness, that I still more and more loath the.
Thou wouldest enter into a cōmuniō w t me, taking my nature unto thee concerning the substance thereof, that I might enter into a cōmnuiō with thee concerning the qualities where▪ in thyself thou hast endued it, but I consider it not.
Thou diddest die to deliver me from death, but I still more and more geu • thee cause to die: so ingrate full am I.
Thou diddest arise to iustifye me, but I with the Jews would still kept thee down, because I would not leave my wickedness.
Thou ascendedst to heaven to take possession for me there, to be always in the sight of thy father for me, to send me down gifts, to pray for me: but I daielye am pullinge the • down again, as much as in me • ieth, I am altogether earthly, I hide myself out of thy sight by forgettīg thee, I reject and abuse thy gifts, I neglect prayer.
Thou art now in a redynesse to come to judge hath quick and dead, but I tremble not at this gear, nor beseech thee before thou come, to be merciful unto me & not to enter into judgment with me, yea I think nothing at all of thy coming: mali • ō cogitant iudicium, the wicked consider not the ende, they think not on thy judgment.
Thou wouldst bring me to thy father y • I might find grace, but I put this of, & therefore am worthy to fele thee a judge, w t refuse to fele thee a savior.
Now y • cause of all these things is unbelief, the which though it be natural by reason of the corruption of our nature, pet I have augmented the same maliciously in not laborīg there against, and continuing in all sins and wickedness: by reason whereof I deserve most iustelye thy anger thereupon, even rejection frō thy face forever.
Longe hast thou mourned even w t displeasure & anger the incredulity of my heart, calling me there from, and offering me thy grace, which I have neglected and rejected, and therefore am never worthy to have it anymore offered unto me, much more then I am unworthy to have grace given me to receive thy mercy.
Alas what shall I do? shall I dispraier or as long as I can, keep me unmindful of my misery? o savior Christ Jesus wilt not thou be merciful unto me? thou diddest die for me when I deserved it not, and now is thy mercy shortened? wilt not thou give me thy grace, and take frō my heart this horrible unbelief? Shall I never love the? shall I never hath sin? shall I never, as w t my mouth I say: I believe in Jesus Christ, so in heart say the same? shall Satan possesst me forever? o christe Jesus which hast led captivity captive, what? wilt not thou help me? though I desire it not as I should, yet give me to desire whan thou wilt.
Thou diddest appear to destroy the work of the devil: thou seest his work, in me: good christ destroy his work but not thy work: save me for thy great mercies sake. Geue me to believe in thee, in thy death, resurrection, & ascension: pardon me my sins, and mortify now in me my corrupt affections, reyse me up and justify me, regenerate me daily more and more, give me faith of immortality, resurrectiō of this body, give me faith to ascend into heaven, and to be certain that thou hast already taken possessiō for me there: Geue me to loke for thy coming, and to be ready in thy coming to find mercy to everlasting life &c.
I believe in the holy ghost. &c.
O Holy spirit the third person in trinity, which diddest descend upon Christ our savior in his baptism in the likeness of a dove, thy children know that with the father and the son thou madest and rulest all creatures visible and inuisyble, they know thee in their redemption to be no less willing & loving then the father and the son: for y • diddest always declare Christ to be the son of god & gavest testimony in wardly in the harts of thy elect, to believe and embrace the same, & outwardely by miracles and wonders they know thee to be the comforter and governor, whom Christ did promise in his corporal absēce should teach, rule, keep, comfort and govern his church and people.
Again, as in the former parte of their belief they consider the works of creatyon and redemption, so in this parte they consider the place where the same is moste effectual & taketh place, even thy holy church which is catholic, that is, extēding it self to all times, to all places, to all kinds of people.
For in this church only they know that as all things were made, so the work of redemption was taken in hand, that y • blessed trinitye, mightest in this church be praised, magnified, served, & worshipped forever.
This church is nothing ells but a communion and society of saints: that is, not only a societye of all such as be, have been, or shall be thy people, but also a societye or partaking of Christ Jesus which is the head of the same: yea by him of thee (oh blessed father) which art y • head of Christ, and of thee (oh holy ghost) which now shadowest and sittest upon the same to hatch and cherish it as the hen her chekins, by the extending of thy wings, not only to defend them frō their enemies, but also to cover their sins and to remit them in this life, beginning also here the resurrection of the flesh and everlasting life, the which thou wilt in the ende of the world consūmate, so that they shall not need to be covered for sin: for then shall they be pure and have gtoriouse bodies, immortal and spiritual, the which shall have the fruition of eternal ieye, life everlasting, and glory, such as the eye hath not seen, the ear hath heard, nor the heart of man can conceive. For then christ Jesus shall give up his kingdom to god the father, that god may be all in all concerning the governance of it by the ministration of his word and other means whereby now he governeth it, that it may be his fathers kingdom, we beig become like unto him: that is, as to the manhod of Christ the godhead is united and is all in all without any other means, even so god shall be in us, assuminge then not only in the person of christ the human nature, but also all the human nature of his church which be members of Christ, the wicked & reprobate being separate then from this communion & cast into eternal perditiō with Satan, & antichrist, there to be in torments and horror forever.
By reason of this their faith, they are thankful to the (o holy spirit) which hast taught them this & given them to believe it.
By reason of this faith they singularly pray love, & help thy church here militāt, & labor to be holy 〈◊〉 .
By reason of this faith they confess them selves sinners, they desire and believe pardon of their sins, they are risen and rise daily concerning the inwards man, and do feel the life eternal begone in them, more & more laboringe, praying, wishings and desyringe for the same whollye and perfectly.
Whereas (oh lord god and most graciouse holy spirit) thou knowest that it is otherwise w t me. I do but bable w t my lips in saying, I believe in the holy ghost, for I am unthankful for calling me into thy church, I do not live holely, I confess not, I lament not my sins, I pray not for remission of them, I stand in doubt thereof: as I fele not myself risen from a sinful life as I should be, or as I fele not life begone in me, as it is in thy dear children, so do I doubt hereof, whether I have pardon of my sins, whether I am regenerate, whether I fele truly everlasting life (the which thing doth most displease thee) and yet w t my tongue I say I believe in the holy ghost. Oh I beseech thee (good holy spirit) for thy love sake which moved the to agree and be willing to patifye and open thy goodness, not only in the work of creation (for thou dyddest lie upon the waters and as the benne her chickins dyddest, as it were, hatche the work of creatiō) but also in the work of redemption, and therefore diddest descend and abide not only upon Christ in his baptism, but also on the apostles & church in fyerye tongues visibly the fyfte day after Christ's resurrection: as now thou doest inuisybly, generally, and particularly sit upon thy Church and children, being the consolator the comforter, the teacher and leader, the guider and governor of us all.
For this thy loves sake (I say) I beseech thee to be merciful unto me, and forgive me my doubting, unbelief, ingratitude and horrible monstrous uncleanness and sin; and utterly take them from me. Bring me unto thy church which thou guidest, that is guide me, make me holy and by faith couple me to christ, by charity to thy people: that is give me the communion of saints w t thy saints, over shadow my sins, reyse me up to righteousness, begin in me everlasting life, and now more and more to expert and loke for all these great mercies, and at length to possess eternal felicity w t thee, o blessed trenitie the father the son and the holy ghost, three persons and one almighty, eternal, most just, wise and good god: to whom be all glory power and dominion now and forever.
A meditation upon the ten commandments.
I am the lord thy god which brought thee out of the land of Egypt. &c.
O Good lord and dear father, here y • wouldest I should know that thou, which broughtest thy people of Israel out of Egypt with a mighty hand and a stretched out power, which gavest thy law upon mount Sinai in great thundering, lighting, fire, which spakest by the prophets, and diddest send thy dearelye beloved son Jesus Christ coequal and consubstantial with thee in power, majesty, & glory, to take upon him our nature by the operatiō of the holy ghost in the womb of y • virgin Marie, of whose substance he was made and borne man, but pure without sin, that we by birth children of wrath, by him might be made thy children, children of grace, communicatinge with him righteousness, bolines, & immortality by the working of the spirit, as he communicated with us flesh and blood (but not infected w t sin, as is ours) by the working of the same holy spirit: which spirit after his bitter death, resurrectiō, and ascension into the heavens, he sent plentifully and by a visible sign unto his Apostles and Disciples: by whom he published, the gospel thorough out the whole world, and so continually hath done from age to age, doth, and will do unto the end of the world by the mynysterie of preaching: Thou wouldest I say that we should know and believe, that thou this Almightye lord and god, which on this sort hast revealed and opened thyself, art the one alone, very true and eternal almighty god which madest and rulest heavē and earth, and all things visyble and inuisyble, together with this thy dearly beloved son Jesus Christ, and with the holy spirit, consubstantial and coeternal with thee dear father: Not only this, but also thou wouldest that I should know and believe, that by the same thy dearly beloved son, thou hast brought me from the tyranny and captivity of Satan, & this sinful world (whereof the captivity of Egypt under pharao, was a figure) and in his blonde shed upon the cross, y • hast made a covenant with me, which thou wilt never forget, that thou art and wilt be my lord and my god, that is, thou wilt forgive me my sins and be wholly mine with all thy power, wisdom, righteousness, treweth, glory & mercy. Wherefore although I might cōfirm my faith by the innumerable mercies hither to poured upon me moste abundantly, as thy children of Israel might have done and did confirm their faith, by the manifold benefits poured upon them in the desert: yet specially the seal of thy covenant, I mean thy holy Sacrament of baptism, wherein thy holy name was not in vain called vpō me (O dear father, sweet son and savior Jesus Christ, and most graciouse good holy ghost) should most assuredly confirm, and even on all sides seal up my faith of this thy covenant that y • art my lord and my god: even as Abraham and thy people of Israel did by the Sacrament of Circumcision, which as the Apostle calleth the seal or signacle of righteousness: so doest thou call it being but the sign of thy covenant in deed, yet thy very covenant, because as thy word is moste true and cannot lie, as thy couenaūt is a covenant of peare infallible and everlasting: even so the Sacrament and seal of the same is a most true testimonial and witness thereof.
In consideracion therefore of this, that thou the almighty god, of thine own goodness hast vouched safe not only to make me a creature after shine own Image & likeness, which mightest have made me a beast: to give unto me a reasonable soul, endued with memory, judgment &c: which mightest have made me an •• foot without wit or discretiō &c: to endue me with a body be wetifyed with right shape, limbs, health &c, which mightest have made me a ceeple, lame blind &c: graciously to enrich me concerning fortune, friends, living, name &c: which mightest have made me a slave, destitute of all friends, and helps for this life: but also hast vouchedsafe, that I being a a miser, borne in sin, conceived in iniquity, to whom nothing is dew (more then to a Turcke, Jew, or Saracen) but eternal damnation, should be called into the number of thy people, enroledde in thy boke, & now in thy covenant, so that thou w t all that ever thou hast art mine: for which causes sake hitherto thou hast kept me cherished, defended, spared, & fatherly chastised me and now graciously doest keep me and care for me, giving me to live, be, & move in thee, expecting also & waiting how thou mightest show mercy upon me: In consideration (I say) of this, most iustely and reasonably thou requirest that as thou art my lord god: so I should be thy servant and one of thy people: As thou haste given thyself wholly unto me, to be mine with all thy power wisdom &c (For he that giveth himself giveth all he hath) so should I be wholly thine, and give over myself unto thee to be guided w t thy wisdom, defended with thy power, helped̄, relieved, and comforted by thy mercy.
First therefore to begin with all, thou commaūdest that I should have none other gods in thy sight: that is to say, as I should have thee for my lord & god to loke for all good things moste assuredly at thy hands, and therefore I should put all my trust in thee, be thankful unto thee, love thee, fear thee, obey thee, and call upon thy holy name in all my needs: so should I give this faith, love, fear obedience, thankfulness and invocation or prayer, to none other, no not in my heart, but only to thee or for thee where thou commaundest. All this to do (oh lord god) and that w t most ioieful heart, I have great cause. For what a thing is it that thou Jehovah wouldest uouchesalfe to make me, as thou haste do •• ? to give thy sonne for me, and to become my • ode Oh what am I that thou wouldest I should put my trust in thee? Thys y • doest that I might never be confounded, but might be most happy. What am I that y • wouldest I should fear thee? Where the only cause, why y • requirest this of me, is not only because thou haste power to cast both body & soul into hell fire, & because they that fear thee not, shall perish: but also that y • mightest give me thy wisdom, that it might go well with me in the evil day, that thou mightest reveal thy sonne to me, and thy mercy might be upon me from generation to generation. Oh what am I, that thou wouldest have me to obey thee, not only that I never perish with the disobedient, but that thou mightest give me thy holy spirit, and rewards innumerable? Oh what am I that y • wouldest I should love thee? y • which thing thou doest to this ende that I might fully and wholly enjoy and possess thee, according to the nature of love, and therefore doest thou require my whole heart, that I might dwell in thee and thou in me. What am I, that thou wouldest I should call upon thee? verily because thou wilt give me whatsoever I shall ask of thee in the name of thy dear child Jesus Christ: and even so wouldest y • have me thankful, that y • mightest pour out upon me yet more plentifully, all good things. So that great cause have I to put my trust in thee, to love, fear, and obey thee, to call upon thee, to be thankful unto thee, not only in respect of the hurt which else will ensew, but also in respect of the commodity that herby cometh unto me: but most of all yea alonely for thy own sake, for thy goodness, wisdom, becutie, strength & power, truth and great mercies.
But alas (dear father) what shall I say? As in times paste horribly I have broken this thy law, in trusting in thy creatures, calling upon them, loving, fearing, and obeying many things besides thee, and rather then thee: evē so at this present I am a most miserable wreth, blinded I am through unbelief, & mine own wickedness, so y • I se not firmly this thy power, wisdom goodness &c: but waver and doubt of it. I love little or nothing, I fear less, I obey least of all, thankfulness and prayer are utterly quenched in me: by reason whereof I am worthy of eternal damnatiō. If after thy justice thou shalt deal with me simply, I am (oh lord) damned and lost forever, for I am very wicked. But yet in as much as thou bast givē thy sonne Jesus Christ to be a slain propitiatory sacrifice for the sins of the whole world, so that he which be leueth in him shall not perish but be saved (for so thou hast promised) thy truth now requireth to save me. No wbeit here thou mayest say unto me that I do not believe, and therefore notwithstanding thy truth & promise, in that I believe it not, thou mayest most justly after thy Justice, dampne me. Oh lord god, to this I cannot otherwise answer (my unbelief is so great) but because thy mercy is above all thy works, and thy goodness and love is that which all creatures most highly commend and magnify, as the thing whereof thou art called god: because y • art righte good and lone it self: because of this thy mercy (gracious god) if thou wilt loke thereon and couple thy truth therewith, then (good lord) I shall be saved, and praise thy name forever more.
Thou shalt not make to thyself any graven &c.
AS the first commandment teacheth me, as well that thou art my god, as what god thou art, and therefore of equity I should have noon other gods but thee: that is, I should alonely hange on thee, trust in thee, love thee, serve thee, call upon thee, obey thee, be thankful to thee: so because y • didst reueyle thyself visibly that thou mightest visibly be worshipped, this commandment is concerning thy worship, that in no point I should follow in worshipping thee, the devise or intent of any man, saint, Angel, or spirit: but should take all such as Idolatry & Image service, be it never so glorio{us}. And why: for soth because y • wouldest I should worship thee as thou hast appointed by thy word. For if service be acceptable, it must needs be according to the will of him, to whom it is done, and not of him which doeth it. But in as much as of man none knoweth the will and pleasure, but his spirit, except he reveal by word or sign the same: much more of thee o lord, none doeth know thy will, but thy spirit and they to whom thou doest reveal the same. And therefore abominable evē in thy sight are all those things, which with men are in most force and estimatiō because they are not after thy word. So that the meaning of this precept is, that as in the first I should have none other gods but thee: so I should have no worship of thee, but such as thou appoitest. Herby therefore I se great cause of thankfulness for this commandment, in that thou wouldest have mine outward service, and that after thy appointment, lest I should busy my brain howe best to serve thee. Good lord thou nedest not my service, perfect thou wast before I was, therefore it is for mine own commodity that thou commaūdest me, yea even for mine own wealth. Thou mightest have let̄ me have stand all day idle, but such is thi love, that thou wouldest I should go into thy vineyard, that w t thy servants I might receive the hier of blessedness. And how great a benefit is it, to deliver me of so great a burden wherewith I should have been combred, if I should have served thee in any point after my wit and reasō. But halas, I not considering what a promotion thy service is, nor what an easy service it is, and simple (for one may well know what to do, & when he pleaseth thee, namely whē he serveth thee as thou hast appointed) as I am and always have been unthankfull: so I am and always have been a grievous transgressor of this thy law. For as in times past, when I did not know this commandment, I was an Image worshipper of stocks, stones &c: yea bread and wine: so now I am a worshipper of myn affections, offering to thē y e service due unto thee, though not thereby to worship thee, as I thought when I kneled to stocks and stones, bread & wine &c: yet with no less transgression of thy law: for the which I have deserved, and do deserve everlasting damnatiō. Of thy goodness and great mercy (dear father) I beseech thee forgive me for Christ's sake, whom thou didst give to be the fulfylling of the law to all them that should believe. Oh father I believe, help mine unbelief. As thou haste of thy goodness hitherto spared me, trāsgressing this thy holy precept: so of thy goddnes forgive me, as well mine Idolatry done in times paste, as that which of late time I have committed & do comitte. And as y u by this commandment hast delivered me from the one, y t is, bowīg myself to stocks & stones: so (dere father) deliver me frō all other bowīg myself after mine own will to mine own affections: that I may have non other god ī heart but thee, nor do service to any other but only to thee, & for thee, after thy word as thou cōmaundest. Oh open mine eyes to see thy will in this thy gracious precept. Geue me a will to love it heartily, & an heart to obey it faithfully, for thy dear sons sake ies{us} Christ our lord. Amen.
Thou shalt not take the name of the lord thy god in vain.
By this commandment I perceive (oh lord) that as in the first thou wouldest in the exterior service of thee, I should utterly abandōmine own will and reason, and all the reasons or good entētes of mā, and wholly give myself to serve thee after thy will and word: so here doest thou begin to tell me, howe thou wilt have my tongue to be exercised in thy service, and therefore thou byddest me not to take thy name in vain: as by temeraryouse or vain swearing, by cursynge praying without sense, as those boe that pray in a tongue they know not, praying without faith or attent cōsideracion of the thing desired, without hearty desire and certain expectacion of obtaining that which is to thy glory and my salvation: also by gesting, or foolish abusing, or negligent reading or hearing of thy holy word, by the which thou, as by thy name, art known: and in like manner by deniynge thy truth and word, or conceiling it when occasion is offered to promote thy glory and confirm thy truth. By reason whereof I may well see, that y • wouldest have me to use my tongue in humble confessing thee and thy word and truth after my vocation: in praying heartily and calling upon thy name: in reading and hearing thy word, and speaking thereof withal reverence, diligence, and attencion: in thanks giving and praising thee for thy great mercy: in instructinge my brother and admonishinge him, when he erreth, after my calling and vocation, withal humbleness, gentleness and love.
Thus wouldest thou have me to exercise my tongue, and not to think that the exercising of it in this sort, is a vain and & unprofitable thing, but a thing that pleaseth thee, and profiteth myself and other.
And for as much as thou knowest that our tongue is a slippery member, and we very negligent over it, and of the great commodity that might thereby come to us and other by using it in thy service accordingly: thou hast added a fearful, & most true cōmunicaciō, that though men will find no fault or punish us therefore, yet wilt not thou hold him gilt les, that taketh thy name in vain: As by many examples we are taught, as in thy holy word, so by dayelye experience, if we would consider the same.
And therefore I have great cause to give praise and thanks to thy most holy name, for many great benefits which by this commandment I receive and ought with thankfulness to consider. First that it would please thee, not only to give me a tongue, where thou mightest have made me speachles: but also that y • wouldest have it santified to thy service. Again that thou wouldest not only reuele thy name unto us, but also wouldest give me leave to cal up on it, praise and publish it: yea thou hast commanded me so to do, and not only commanded, but hast promised, that thou wilt here my prayer and that my praising of thee and cōfessinge thy word and truth, shall not be in vain.
Thirdly that thou wouldest all men should use their tongue so, that thereby I might be the better instructed, admonished, and occasyoned to use myself well and in the obedience of this thy holy precept. But what go I about to reckon by tale the causes of thanks for this commandment, seeing that they be innumerable if a man should but loke even upon thy very word, by the which as by thy name thou art moste truly known: the which word thou commaundest unto us in this commandment &c: as thou doest preaching, private admonishynge, thanks giving, and prayer: then the which, nothing is more profitable to us in this vale of misery. But gracyouse good lord, I acknowledge myself not only to be a most unthankful wretch for this thy holy precept, and the great mercies which here through I perceive thou haste moste gracyouselye powerd upon me, and doest yet still offer unto me: but also that I am a miserable transgressor of this thy most holy, good, and blessed cammaundemente, as always I have ben in times past. Horribly have I abused thy name in swearing, cursing and iestyng wickedly: I have called upon other names then thine, as the names of peter, Paul, Mary &c: yea of some, whose saluatiō is to be doubted of: I have foolishly prayed in such a toūge as I knew not what I prayed & said, w t many other trāsgresiions of this precept, wherein yet I am cōuersant: as in seldom praying, and when I pray I am not attent nor very desirous of the thing I ask with my tongue. After prayer I do not earnestly loke for the good things asked and prayed for, & therefore when I obtain my request, I am most unthankfull: thy word I rede little and most negligently, forgetting for with what I rede: I admonish not others when I here them abuse thy holy word: I am affraied, for fear of loss of friends, name or life, to confess thy truth, gospel and name, which was called upon me in baptism, and not in vain, if I did not thus make it in vain. But alas I cā in no wise comprehend the multitude of my transgressions concerning this thy law. But this is a sin above other sins, that under thy name, word, and gospel I play the hypocrite, having more care for min own name, then for thine. For if my name were evil spoken of, it would grieve me, and I would defend it: but alas I hear thine daily evil spokē of, & se it profaned by false doctrine, and evil living, but it greueth me not. After my vocation I •• ke not nor do not go about to redress these things in myself & in others. And why? because (good lord) I love myself better then thee, and not thee with my whole heart. Thye first commandment hath no place with me as it should have, it possesseth not my heart, mind, and will as thou requirest, most to mine own commodity. By reason where of I am worthy of eternal damnation. Oh what shall I do (graciouse god) which not only have ben so grievous and filthy a swerer curs • er &c: so great a callour upon dead creatures, & so heynouse a transgressor of this law: but also at this present do so horriblye and hipocriticallye offend thee in taking thy name in vain, & that so many ways, in praying and not praying, in reading and not reading, in speaking and not speaking, & not cōfessig simply & frō my heart thy doctrine, truth & name, but regardinge mine own name far above it. Shall I file frō thee? then undoubtedly I am more gilty, and more shall disobey this thy holy precept, adding sin to sin, where as y • wouldest I should call upon thy holy name (dear lord) which hast given thy dear son Jesus Christ to be a mediator for us, that thorough him we might find not only grace for the pardon of our sins paste: but also for the obtaining of thy holy spirit, as well the better to under stand, as also the better and more frankly to obey this thy holy precept forever. For his sake (therefore dere god) pardon my sins paste & present, whereof this law doth accuse me, and grant (moste graciouse father) that I may be endued with thy holy spirit to know and love thy holy name, word and truth in Jesus Christ, that I may be zelouse, wise, and constant, and that my tongue may be sanctified henceforth & guyded with thy holy spirit and grace to publish, confess and teache, after my vocation to others as occasion is offered, thy truth and gospel, to call upon thy name in all my need, to give thanks unto thee, praise thee, magnify thee, and to sanctify thy holy name as a vessel of thy mercy forever and ever.
Remember that thou keep holy the Saboth day &c.
AFter thou hast told me howe in the external service of thee (graciouse lord) thou wilt have my tongue used, so doest thou now teach me, how thou wilt have min ears & all my whole body occupied, namely in sanctificacion and holiness: that is, in those things which thou pecularly hast appointed to be means immeditately to help to that ende: As in hearing thy word preached, & using the ceremonies of thee appointed evē as y • hast commanded. For the which things to be exercised of thy people thou at the first dyddest appoint a certain day, namely the seventh day, which therefore thou calledst thy Sabbath, that thereby they with their childrē and family, resting frō all exerior labor, which hindereth the meditaciō of the mind, might not only be more able to go on through with their travel and labor (for without some rest nothing can endure, in respect whereof thou wouldest the very beasts which in labor were exercised, should have the priuelege of this Saboth) but also and much rather, that thy people might with their family and children, be instructed and taught: first by the miuistery of thy word in preaching and catecchising: secondly by the using of thy sacraments appointed after thy commandment and institution, they might be assured of thy promises: thirdly by praying they might be augmented in all godliness: and last of all by their metting together & exercisinge all these thy works of sanctification, they might increase in love and charity: one towards another, as members of one body and fellows of one inheretaunce, and thus by meeting together, praying and using thy sacraments, they might be instructed in thy law and of that Saboth, whereinto thou thyself dyddest enter after thou hadst made the world, ceasing from thy works, not of conservation but of creatiō, into the which as after this life and the works of this time, they should enter: so now they begin spiritually to enter in restinge from their own works which the old man moveth thom unto: not that (good lord) thou wouldest these works appointed for the Saboth day, should not be exersised at any other time but only on the seventh day: but because y u dydst as well ordain thē for a policy to endure till the coming of Christ, as also according to the reuelacion or thee in that time, didst open thyself, beginning then in figures and shadows, whose verifȳs in thy time were to be opened: therefore it pleased thee to appoint then the seventh day, which seventh day, although by reason of the policy being by thee be streied, and by reason of Christ the verity and body of all shadows, if be abrogate from us: yet standeth this commandment in force as well for the works of santificacion, that is for preaching thy word, coming to hear it, for praying, vsynge thy sacraments, and coming together to that ende: as also for those days which by commō order, and on good ground are ordained and received: howbeit with this liberty, that necessity of our faith and sanctificaciō and charity may dispēse therewith, occasion of willful and wittinge offense being aduoided &c.
So that hereby I perceive thy will and pleasure to be, that I should at all times, as much as charity and necessity will permytte, give over myself, and cause all other over whō I have charge, so to do (especially on the sondaies and other holy days being received and to that ende appointed) to the resorting to the temple and places appointed to prayer, to here with meknes thy holy word and use thy sacraments and ceremonies as thou hast commanded, and to exercise all things which might be to the confirmation & propogacion of thy holy religiō, or make to the increase of love and charity: as giving to the pore, reconciling such as be in variance, visiting theficke, & evē (as it were) beginning that • abboth whereof Isaiah speaketh.
By reason whereof I have great cause to thank thee (most gracious father) that thou wouldst appoint me to be in this time, wherein thou hast more plentifully revealed thyself then thou dyddest, not only before Christ's coming, but also since Christ's assensiō. Never since England was England dyddest thou so manifestly reueile thy truth, as y u hast done in these days. Great cause I have to thank thee that y u wouldst institute the ministry of thy word and sacraments as means whereby thy holy spirit is effectual to work in our hearts sanctification. Great cause have I to thank thee, that thou wouldest keep the books of the prophets & Apostells until this time. Great cause have I to praise thee, that thou wouldst give me such knowledge in them as y u hast done of thy great mercy. Great cause have I to thanke thee for the good & true ministers and preachers of thy word which thou hast sent amongst us, and genē me grace to here them. Great cause have I to thank thee that in this religion thou hast given so longe quietness, and harboroughe to thy church. Great cause have I to thank thee, for that thou woldeste make me such a man in whom thy holy spirit might work. Great cause I have to thank thee which woldeste call me into thine eteruall Saboth and rest full of all joy, such as the eye hath not seen, the pare hath not hard. Great cause have I to thank thee that so many days are appointed for this ende, that we should meet together to here thy word and receive thy sacraments. Great cause have I to thank thee for the institution of thy sacraments, which thou hast ordained as thy visible and palpable lords, to the obsignation and confirmation of the faith of all such as use the same after thy commandments. But, infinite are the causes for the which I ought to gene thee thanks for this commandment.
But alas I am not only unthankful, but also a most miserable transgressor of it. I will not now speak of my transgressions past concerning this commandment: presentlye they are so many that I cannot. For y u knowest howe I do not only at convenient times on y e work days keep myself away from common prayers in the congregaciō & assemble of thy people and frō hearing of thy word: but also on the Sabbath days to ride or go about this or that wordly: business I am very pressed, to sit down at this tauerne, and to go to that man's table I am ready at the first vydding: but alas to resort to the table of thy son & receive with thankfulness the sacrament of his body and blood for confirmation of my faith, that 〈◊〉 to learn spiritually to taste Christ's body broken and his blood shed for the remission of my sins: so do this, oh how vnwillig am I? To go to mass and sacrynges with such like Idolatry, I have been a great time more ready then now I am to hear thy word, & use thy sacraments as I should do, thy ministers I pray not for: thy church I am not careful for, no not now (good lord) when wicked doctrine most prevaileth. Idolatry, superstition, and abominacion aboundeth, the sacrament and sacrifice of thy dear son Ies{us} Christ is blasphemiusly corrupted: whē for preaching there is nothing but massing, for catechizing, sensinge, for reading of the scriptures belleringing, for singing of Psalms and godly songs to our edificacion, all is don in laten, with such Notes, Tunes, ditties, & descantes, that utterly the mind is pulled from the consideracion of the thing (if men did understand it) unto the melody. Al which my wickedness hath brought in, my profaning of this commandment, and my not praying. Thy ministers are in prison, dispersed in other contries spoiled, burnt, murdered, many fall for fear of goods, life, name &c, from the truth they have received unto moste manifest Idolatry: false preachers abound amongst thy people: thy people dearly bought even with thy blood, are not fed w t the bread of thy word but with swyllings: antichrist wholly preuailethe, and yet for all this, alas I am to careless, nothing lamenting my sins which be the cause of all this. O dear father forgive me for christs sake and be merciful unto me, and as of thy mercy thou dyddest give me time to repent, so give me repentance. Grant me thy holy spirit to open to me this thy law, so that I may know thy will in it, love it, and always obey it: thy good spirit sanctifye me and work in me a true taste of eternal life and pleasure in the meditation of it: give me (gracious good father) one little mouthfull of the bread that y u feddest Helye w t all, give me that with him I may come into mount horeb. Help thy church, cherish it and give it harbo routh here and else where for christs sake: purge thy ministry from corruptiō and false ministers: send out preachers to feed thy people, destroy antichrist & all his kingdom, give to such as be faullē from thy truth repentance, keep others from falling, and by their falling do y u the more confirm us, confirm the ministers & pore people in prisō & exile, strengthen them in thy truth, deliver them if it be thy good will, give them that with conscience they may so answer their adversaries, that thy servants may rejoice and the adversaries be confounded, avengē thou thy own cause (Oh thou god of hosts) and help all thy people, & me especially because I have moste need.
Honor thy father and mother that thou mayst live longe &c.
AFter that thou haste told me (good lord) thy will concerning the service which thou requirest inwardly and outwardly to be given unto the: now doest thou begin to tell me what thy will is that I should do & leave undone for thy sake unto man. And first y u settest before min eyes, them whō y u for ordres sake and the more commodity of man in this life, hast set in degree and authority above me, cōprehending them under the name of father & mother, that I might know y t as of thee thei are commanded to bear towards me a faithful love and a motherly care in the very names of father and mother, wherewith y u honorest them: so am I commanded of thee to do that which is most equal & just (as the very brute beasts do teach us) that with childly affection and duty, I should behave myself towards thē, that is I should honor thē, which cōprephēdeath in it, love, thankfulness, reverence and obedience, & that not so much because they be my parents, and in their offices are careful for me (for it may be they will neglect the doing of their duties towards me) but because thou commaundest me so to do, howe so ever they do. So that by this commandment I perceive that thou wouldest I should consider them whō thou hast placed in authority and superior degree: as parents, maiestrats, masters or such like, and accordingly behave myself toward them, honor them, that is to say love them, be thankful unto them, reverence them and obey them for thy sake so long as they pass not their bounds, that is so longe as they require not otherwise then y u hast given them commission or permission to do.
And for as much as thou seest their care and office is great, and our corruption to obey is very much, as well to encorage them in their vocation to be diligent, as to enflame me to humble obedience unto them, therthroughe to make them more willing to sustain cares for me: y u addeste a promise, that is longe life which so far as it is ablessing frō thee y u wilt endue us w t all. Whereby we may gather that a ciuel life doth much please thee and receiveth here rewards, especially if we lead it for conscieunce to thy law. And on the contrary part, a disobedient life to them that be in authority, will bring the sooner thy wrath and vengeance in this life. All which worketh much to the commendation of the state of politic & ciuell maiestrats. By reason hereof (dear father) I se myself much bound̄ to praise thee, and hartelye to obey this thy commandment. For in it & by it y u declarest thy great love toward us, which even in this present life our pylgermage and passage to our home, wouldst have us to enjoy the benefit of peace, and moste semelye quietness and order, and by this order so couple us that none should contemn or despise another, but even high & low to be and accompt thē selves as parents & children. Particularly for my parte I cannot but say that I have most cause to thank thee for my parētes, scholemasters, and others under whose tuitiō thou hast put me. No pen is able to write y e particular benifites, w c I have her by received in my infancy, childhod youth, middle age, and always hither to. Oh how good a lord hast y u declared thyself to me, which in them and by thē hast norrished, fed, instructed, corrected, defended and most graciously kept me. I could reckon innumerable behind me & but few before me, so much made of & cared for as I have been hitherto. No smalle token of thy love to me ward is it, that thou wouldest engrave in their hearts and command them under pain of damnation to be careful over me, to do me good and provide for me, as they have done or rather thou by thē publicly. Also for the common wealth & such as thou hast placed in aucthorie over me in both thy regeniētes, if I considered them that have been, and them that be, I could not but praise thee good lord. For no less praise worthy art thou for this chastening us and admonishing us now presently by them that be in authority, of our ingratitude and unthankfulness, then by such as have been, for all kinds of good things. But infinite are the causes of thankfulness which this commandment considered, should stir up in me. But alas (most merciful father) as I acknowledge myself most unthankful unto thee for all thy benifites poured vpō me in this life by my parents, nources, tutoures, masters, magistrates, bishops, pastors, and good frindes, even frō my cradell unto this hour: so unto them have I always been & am, in not loving them, as my coldenes in praiynge for them and to my power in helping them, declareth: and also my not reverencing them, my cōtemning them, & temerariousnes in my mistrusting or to narrowly & to straightly looking at them & their dewties, showeth: and not obeynge them, as by my cōtumacy appeareth, not only when any thing to me unpleasant or unprofitable, but also profitable & convenient is required. And yet I speak not of y e evil & muttering reports, of y e offenses ī trāsgressing y e politilie laws for apparel & meats & other no smalle offenses which I have committed & givē. Oh this is a sin dear father that I always have ben a private more then a common weal mā, always I seek for myn owen cōmeditie, cōtemning that which maketh to the conmmoditie of others. As for my disobedience and wicked behavior towards my own parents and all others whom thou hast set over me (dear father) no toūge can express it, and therefore I am worthy of dāynation. But (gracious good lord and dear father) I beseech thee for thy Christ's sake, to have mercy upon me, & pardon me, as of thy goodness it pleased the to pardon the patriarchs. Thou hast given this commandment as thy holy law to open to us howe corrupt we are, and howe much we swerve frō the pattern wherafter we were first made & once agreed thereto before Adams fall, that we might loath our selves and even thereby be driven to seek and set by thy sweet mercies in Jesus Christ, whom therefore thou diddest send to fullfyll the law in his flesh that we might borowe of him the same, by true faith: which of thy goodness work in us by thy holy spirit, and open this law unto us that we may more & more increase in the knowledge, love & obedience of it to thy glory and our salvation, Amen. Deare father be merciful to our magestrats, especially y e quenes highness, whose heart with the residue of her counselors, tourne into thy testimonies, give them thy wisdom and a zeal to the truth according to knowledge, that they may use the power they have received of thee to the cherishing of thy church, that w c us here thy word may have free passage and thy true worship may be maintained, and not onclye here but also everywhere amongst those whom thou wouldest we should pray for. Be merciful to my poor parents (gracious lord) with my brethren, systers, wife, childrē, family, servants, kinsfolks, neighbors, as thou knowest they have all need. Geue unto the hearts of all parents, magestrates and such as be in aurtherite here or ells where that they may according to that y u hast put them in trust w t all, be faithful, deligent, careful, and happy. Grant unto children, servants and subjects, that everyone may render love, obedience, thankfulness and reverence to all such as thou hast put in aucthorite over them: bless the church and send it peace and har borough here or else where: bless the common weal and send us peace: bless the diocesses and shieres and send them good bisshops and iustices: bless every household and family, that thy peace may be in the same continually. Finally write this law & all thy laws in our hearts we be sech thee y t we may keep them Amē.
Thou shalt do no murder &c.
AS in the commandment goeinge next before, thou settests before me the personages of all such as thou for the commodytie, order, and peace of mā in this life hast placed in authority, accordingly of us for thy sake to be esteemed: so dost thou in this commandment set before us to loke on, the personages of all men generally, high and low, over whom thou givest us a charge that we shall not kill or murder thē. In which word thou comprehendest all kind of hatred or malice, in word thought or deed, as thy dearly beloved son expoundinge this commandment doth teache. Yea because thou wouldest all men should be dear unto us, being all of one substance, of one similitude, coming of the same parents Adam and Eve, made of one God, redeemed of one Christ, in whom we should be coupled as members of one body, and live to the aide, succor and comfort one of another, because of this (I say) easlie we may see that not only y u forbiddest here to beware of all kinds of displeasures, but also thou commaūdest us to bear and exercise all kind of love and favor in heart word and deed, and that for thy commaūdementes sake, for else towards our enemies our hearts would arise, and be great, in that they contemnynge their duties towards us seme to deserve the like at our hands.
By reasō hereof I have great cause to thank thee dere father. For here by I see how that thou doest much love my soul which art so careful over my body, so that he which hurteth it displeaseth thee and he that doth it good pleaseth thee, if so be he do it for thy sake. By this commandment now I se that it is thou that hast kept me frō doing many euels, which else I should have outrageously done, & hast stirred me up to do good to my brethrē if at any time I have done any: even as thou hast also kept and dost keep presently others from doing me hurt, & hast and dost stir up those that do me good to do so vn to me. Oh how great is y e multitude of thy benefits (good lord) wherewith thou hast overwhelmed me, and the which through this commandment I perceive myself to have received, presently do receive, & so longe as I live am like to receive, for thou commaundest all men everywhere to do me good, love me, defend me, & cherish me: such is thy love to me in this present life & that for my body. oh how great is thy love then to me in everlasting life, & y t for my soul? If in a straūg cōtrey so great is thy protection, how great is it at home? But alas (dere lord) how vnthākful have I ben & am yet still for these thy fatherli benefits, oh min ingratitud: yea lord horribly have I transgressed & still do transgress this thy gracious precept in pride, envy, disdain malice, hardness of heart, unmercifulness & contēnīg thy childrē, saints & servants: Self love all together reigneth in me and desire of praise, rule & fame: I am so far frō love & mercy in heart (good lord) that no man cā here it in my tongue, nor see it in my works, but rather clean contrary, and y t generally and to thē, to whom I am most bound particularly. By reason whereof I have deserved ever lastinge damnnation and to be cast away from thy presence forever. Oh moste gracious father forgive me for Christ's sake I beseech the. For to this ende diddest thou give this commandment, that I seeing my corruptiō and deprauate nature by sin might come to thy mercy deserved by christ, and through faith in him, might find not only pardon of that which is paste: but also thy grace and holy spirit to begin in me the obedience to this and all other thi holy precepts forever more, so be it. For this thy Christ's sake (dear father) I beseech thee therefore to take from me and all other for whom thou wouldest that we should pray, all enupe, pride, arrogancye dysdaine, hatred and all suspitiousnes: and grant unto us bowels of mercy, humility, patience, mekenes, longe sufferinge, gentillnes, peace, charity and all kind of brotherly love comfort the feeble, releue the poor, help the fatherless, heal the sick, bless the afflicted, show thy great mercy vpō all poor prisoners & deliver thē in thy good time, remember thy pitye toward strangers, captives, widows, and such as be oppressed.
Thou shalt not commytte adulterye.
HEre (good lord) thou ghost about to command unto me as love in the other, so pureness and chastity in this, and therefore thou sayest I should not commite adultrye: in the which word thy son our savior Jesus Christ, doth comprehend all uncleanness, yea the very concupiscence and abusing of the heart in lusting after any man's wife or otherwise vnchastly. By the which, in that thou wouldest have us to love in our selves and others purite & cleans, that we might be holy as thou our god art holy, and our bodies being temples of thy holy spirit might be kept pure and accordinglye: easily we may see that as thou forbiddest all unclean deeds, words, lokes, and thoughts: so doest thou command us to love and exercise all purity, chastity, cleanness, sobryety temperancye &c.
By reason whereof I have great cause to be thankful unto thee, which not only for the help & commodity of man, but also for remedy of man's infirmity, hast made womā kind and ordained the state of matrimony, which in thy sight is so holy and pure that thou accomptest the bed and act of generaciō between man and wife in this state of matrimonye to be an undefiled thing, and such care thou hast over the personages married and their condition, that unto damnation they sin, which not only go about to defile that bed, but within there harts do wish or desire it, yea which do not indeuer thenselves w t thought, word and deed to help that purite & cleans between married folks be kept. But the great causes thou givest us to thank thee for this state and ordinance, and for thy defendynge us by this commandment, are innumerable.
Full well I see that it is thou which by this commandment not only refraynest me, but also kepest my wife from impurytye which ells we might both commyte.
Great is thy lous (Oh good lord) and more then I am able to consider, which declarest thyself to be thus careful over me concerning the benefyttes which come unto me both for the mind, body, and goods, by sobryetye and tem perauncie, which here thou requirest. Only this I cannot but see, that I have great cause to thank thee which art so careful over me, as by this commandment I well see.
But alas (good lord) what shall I say, which am and have been so far from thankfulness that I am to be accounted amongst the most unthankful: yea y u knowest it good lord. Fylthely have I broken this law, & caused other so to do, of whose repentance I am uncertain: as also my tongue alas hath often̄ ben to shamfully exercised, mynetes & my thoughts to wickedly abused.
All this gear I have increased by mine intemperauncye in catynge, drinkinge, cherishingemy body &c. I have also hurt my bodily health, minished that which I and others should live on, and horribly hindered all good prayers, and meditations: wherein though I have time & place, yet alas I nothing exercise myself as I should do.
By reason whereof, I have deserved everlasting damnatiō. Oh good lord and gracious father, do thou for thy names sake and in Christ's blood, pardon me and forgive me I beseech thee, & as thou hast most mercifully hitherto spared me: so of thy mercy put away my trespasses, & the transgressions of those whom I have caused to sin: let that love which moved thee to pardon Judas with Tamar, David, Berthsabe, and the great sinner, of whom we read in S. Luke, move thee to pardon and forgive me also. Thou gavest this commandment to this ende that I might know my sin and sinful nature and so thereby be driven to thy Christ crucified, for whose sake I ask mercy, & also that thy good spirit may be given unto me to purify me and work so in me and with me, that I may trewelye know, hartly love, & faithfully obey this thy holy precept inwardly and outwardly now and forever Amen. Gracious good lord, grant to me & my wife that we may dwell together according to knowledge, and may keep our vessels in holiness: grant (Oh lord) that we may be pure and vndestled: and grant the same to all that be married, and to them which be unmarried grant, that they may live a pure, chaste, and undefiled life, and if they have not the gift of singleness of life, grant them such makes with whom they may live holyly to thy praise. Deare father give me the gift of Sobriety and Temperauncy, and grant the same to all them whom thou wouldest I should pray for. As in times paste I have used my tongue and other members evil, so now good lord grant that I may use them well, chastely and godly. This I prays thee grant through Jesus Christ, and finally (Oh lord) both in soul and body sanctify me, and as in thy temple dwell in me now and forever more Amen.
Thou shalt not steal.
NOwe that thou hast taught me the service required of thee for me to observe towards the personages of all men and women of every conditiō: thou beginnest to tell me what thou wouldest I should do concerning their goods: and as in the next commandment before this thou dyddest cōmaūde unto me sobriety & pureness, so doest thou in this Justice and righteousness, forbydding me to steal. Under the which word y u comprehendest all kinds of desceite. The which thing y u doest because y u wouldest that I should give myself wholly to the study and exercise of Justice, as in the precepts next going before, y u wouldest I should give over myself wholly to the keeping of sobriety & pureness. So that I see thy good pleasure herein is not that I sheuld alonely abstain from all theft: but also from all fraud and craft in word or deed, yea y t I should earnestly follow and exercise all equity, truth and Justice.
By reason whereof I see myself much bound to praise thee which art so carful over mi goods & substance, that if any man should go about to steal from me, or to defraud me in any thig, yea whosoever goeth not about to keep & care for that I have as he would do for his own, the same displeaseth the.
Oh lord if thou hast such care for my goods, cattle, and such pelf, how great is thy care for my soul? If this one commandment were not, I perceive as I for my own parte should have done and do much worse then I have done: so much worse had been done to me and mine then hath ben. It is y u good lord (I perceive) that hast both givē me all y t I have, and also still conseruest and keepest the same, and not my own polycye, wisdom and industrye, for in vain were all this, except y u diddest vouchsafe to use & take it as a mean to work by. There is nothing therefore that I have but whensoever I loke upon it, by this commandment I learn thy goodness, strength and power, for as thou givest it of thy mercy, so it speaketh to me that presently y u still doest keep it for me: so that exceeding great cause have I to thank thee for this precept dere god and most gracious lord.
But alas I am so far from thankfulness (as always I have been for all thy care for me and for all that ever thou haste given unto me) that as I have used subtelty and craft, yea sometimes theft and briberye: so now (good lord) I still when occasiō is offered, do exercise the same. I live also voluptuously of y t y u hast given & lent me, & nothing consider what equity requireth, and what or how great the necessity of the poor is, whom I do thus defraud by excess and prodigality. That which I borowe, I with unwillingness do repaye, I use it more negligentlye then I would do myn own. Lacke of excommunicatiō, of Justice, y e great vsery, robbery, oppression and such like wickedness as is exercised amongst us I lament not, labor not after my vocation for the redress of the same, I pray not to thee thereabout, but neglect altogether.
Yea even those things wherewith I am put in trust, or am hirid to do, those (I say) I do with great negligence, so that great is my sin here in and worthy I am of damnation. But merciful god I beseech thee for Christ's sake, to have mercy upon me, and to pardon me my unthankfulness, theftes, frauds, deceytes, avarice, neglegences & great carelessness for y e lack of Justice & for y e mōstruouse oppression, vseries, excess, riot, the which be horribly exercised in y e commō weal. For thy mercies sake in Christ Jesus (o lord) whom y u haste given to fullfyll the law for them that do believe, give me true faith and thy holy spirit, to work in me the knowledge, love and perpetual obedience of this thy holy precept and all other thy commandments forever.
Deare lord give unto me and to all whom y u wouldest I should pray for, the hatred of all craft, and love of all Justice, grant to the oppressed thy comfort, to wrongers repentance, to thieves and deceivers, y t they may make restitutiō, to iustices of peace, land lords & the rich of the world, y t thei may have thee before their eyes, love their poor tenants & brethren, to laborers & artificers y t they may be diligent in their work & labor • that wherw t they are put in trust.
Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbor.
NOw doest y u (most gratio{us} lord) instruct me in this commandment how I should use my ton • towards my neighbor & behave myself concerning his name, forbidding me to bear false witness: in y e which y u forbiddest me all kinds of slandering, lying, hipocricy & untruth. And why? because as members of one body, thou woldeste we should speak • truth one to another, and be careful everyone to cover others infirmity, and w t our toūge defend the names of others, evē as we would that other should defend ours. So that in this commandment, as y u forbiddest me all kind of evil, parelous, calumnious, and untrue speaking: so doest thou command to me all kind of godly, honest and true report and talk.
By reason whereof I have great cause to praise thee, in that I se thee to be so careful over my name, that all men are by thee commanded to defend y e same. O pretio{us} god, great is thy care over my soul I now perceive. If this commandment were not, I se, as I should have done & do much worse with my toūge to others then is hapened, so should I have felt of others towards me.
Besydes this no small commodity is it to me that thou wouldeste all men should use treweth in all thire words to me.
Oh howe great a good thing is this unto me? If we consider y e hurt y e cometh by untruth & by words, where through many are deceived: easily may wese a wonderful benefit and care of thee for us in this commandment.
But (gracious lord) like as I acknowledge my vnthankfullnes to be monstrouse and great & always hath been hitherto: Even so yet continue I in wonderful hypocrisy in all my conversation, often lying, and speaking as vainly so offensively, fleshly subtelly, calūniously, & geuig my ears to here such things as be slaūderously spokē, not repugninge or admonishing other: as the slanderer to do as he would be done by, to tell his tale where he should tell it: neither admonishing the partys slandered of y t which is reported of him, thereby to take better heed, but rather I augment it. By reason whereof I have deserved eternal damnation.
But thou (good lord) be merciful unto me I beseech thee for Christ's sake, whom y u hast ordained to be the ende of the law to all them that do believe, as well for pardon of that which is past, as for not imputinge the imperfection that remaineth. In his name therefore (good lord) I beseech thee to pardon me, and give me thy holy spirit to open to me this law and all other thy precepts, so to understand them, that I may heartily love them & faithfully give myself to the obedience of them forever. Grant me thy good spirit to sanctify my tongue that it may be kept fromlying, slandering & all such vices, & that it may be continually used in thy service, and speaking that which may be to edify, to thy glory and praise through Jesus Christ our lord. Amen.
A meditation concerning prayer, with a brief paraphrase upon the petitions of the lords prayer.
T He mind of man hath so large roumthe to receive good things, that nothing in deed can fully fill it but only god, whō then thy mind fully possesseth, when it fully knowethe him, it fully loveth him, and in all things is framed after his will. They therefore (dere lord god) that are thy children and have tasted somewhat of thy goodness, do perpetually sighe, y t is do pray until they come thereto: and in y t they love thee also above all things, it wonderfully woūdeath them that other men do not so, that is love thee & seek for thee with them. Wherof it cometh to pass that they are inflamed with continnall prayers and desires that thy kingdom might come everywhere, and thy goodness might be both know̄, and in life expressed of every man.
And because there are innumerable many things, which as well in them selves as in others be against thy glory, they are kindled with continual prayer and desire, sighing vn speakably in thy sight for y e increase of thy spirit: & sometimes whē they see thy glory more put back then it was wont to be either in themselves or in any other, then are they much more disquieted & vexed. But because they know that y u doest rule all things after thy good will, and y t none other can help them in their need, they often times do go asideall businesses laid a part, and give them selves to godly cogitations and talk with thee, complaininge to thee as to their father, of those things that grieve them, begging thereto and that most earnestly thy help, not only for themselves, but also for others, especially for those whom singularlye they embrace in thee, and often do repeat and remember thy gracious benifites both to others and to themselves also, wherthrough they are provoked to rē • er to thee hearty thanks, thereby being enflamed, as well assuredly to hope well of thy good will towards them and patiently to bear all evils, as also to study and labor to mortify the affections of the flesh, and to order all their whole life to the service of their brethren and to the setting forth of thy glory.
This they know is that prayer thy son Jesus Christ our lord commanded to be made to thee in the chamber, y e door being shut. In this kind of prayer he himself did watch often, even all the whole night: herein was Paul frequent, as all thy saints be. This kind of prayer is y e true liffting up of y e mind unto thee, this standeth in thaffections in the heart, not in words & in the mouth. As thy children be endued with thy spirit, so frequent they this talk w t thee, the more thy spirit is in them, the more are they ī talk with thee. Oh give me plentifully thy spyrite which thou hast promised to pour out upon all flesh, that thus I may with thy saints talk w t thee night and day, for thy only beloved sonnes sake Jesus Christ our lord Amen.
Moreover thy saints, to provoke them to this kind of prayer, do use first their necessity, which they consider in three sortes, inwardly concerning their souls, outwardly concerning their bodies, and finally concerning their names and fame, whereto they add the necessity of those that be committed to them, the necessity of thy church, and of the common weal.
Secondly they use thy commandments, which require them under pain of sin to pray to thee in all their need.
Thirdly they use the consideration of thy goodness, which art naturally merciful to young ravens calling upon thee, much more then to them for whom ravens & all things ellswere made, for whom thou hast not spared thy dere son, but givē him &c.
Fourthly they use thy most sweet and free promises made to hear and help all them that call upon thee in Christ's name.
Fifthly they use examples, how that y u which art the god of all and rich unto all them y t cal upon thee in christs name, hast heard & holpen others calling upon thee.
Sixthly they use the benefits givē them before they asked, thereby not only provoking them to ask more, but also certifieng their faith, that if thou waste so good to grant them many things unasked, now thou wilt not deny them anything they ask to thy glory and their weal.
Last of all they use the reading and wayinge of psalms and other good prayers, because they know thereby peculiarly besides y e other scripture, there is no small help: as may appear by paul Ephes 5. Col 3. where be will • eth the congregaciō to use psalms hymmes and spiritual songs, but so that in y e heart we should singe and say them: not that thy children do not use their tongues & words in praying to thee, for they do use their tongues, speech, & words to stir up their in ward desire & fervency of the mino, full well knowing that else it were a plain mocking of thee to pray with lips & tongues only. Oh y t I might fele now thy spirit so to affecte me, that both with heart and mouthe I might heartily and in faith pray vn to thee.
Now concerning the things that are to be prayed for, thy children know that the prayer taught by thy son, moste lyuelye and playnelye doth contain the same. And therefore they often use it, first askynge of thee their heavenly father through Christ, that thy name might everywhere be had in holiness and praise: then that thy kingdom by regeneration & the ministry of the gospel might come.
And so thirdly that willingly perfectly & perpetually they might study to do, yea do in deed thy will, with thy holy & heavenly angels & spirits. These things they seek & pray for, namely thy kingdom & thy righteousness before any worldly benefit. After which petitions, because all things, yea even y e benefits of this present life do come from thee, they do godly desire the same under the name of daily bread being instructed of thy wisdom, that after small benefits to ask corporal is not unseemly to thy children, which know both spiritual and corporal to come from thy mercy. In the other petitions they pray for things to be takē from them, beginnig w t forgiveness of sins, which were impudentlye prayed for, if y e their hearts were not so brokē that they could forgive all things to all mē for their part. They add their profession, y • is charity, whereby they profess that they have forgiven all offenses done to them. Howbeit because it is not enough to have pardon of y • which is past, except thei be preserved frō new offīces, they pray thee not to lead thē in 〈◊〉 temptations by permitting them to the perverse suggestiō of Sathā, but rather to deliver them from his importunity and power, by evil vnderstādinge Satan the author of all evil. Oh (dear god) that y • wouldest endue me w t thy spirit of grace and prayer with thy children accordingly to make this prayer always whensoever I do pray.
As for outward evils so longe as they do not (as it were) enforce thy people to sin, in that christen professiō doth account them amongst thy benefits: thy son hath not taught thy church to pray for the taking away of thē in this prayer, for here he hath contained but those things, for y e which all Christians generally and particularly may of faith pray at all times. It often cometh to pass that exterior evils, because they be not euells in deed, that is they are not against gods grace in us, therefore they cannot of faith be prayed for to be taken away, for thy childrē y • have faith, do always prefer thy Judgment before their own, the which Judgment w • en thei know by that which happeneth to them, they submite themselves there to wholly, although the spirit make his unspeakable groanings to help their infirmities by prayer, not to have them taken away, but y • they might have strength and patience to bear the burthē accordingly, which burden if it be to heavy in the better sense and feling thereof, they in their prayers do complain some thing, rather then pray to have it taken away, as our savior did in the garden whē he added to his complainte not my will but thy will be done. So do thi people in all their complaints add, not as we will but as y u wilt, for they are taught by thy spirit no otherwise to pray for the taking away of corporal euelles either frō them selves or from others, unless they by the same spirit do certainly se the same to make to thy glory: as did thine Apostles and servants, when absolutely & without condition they did ask health or miracle for any, whē they healed or raised the dead by prayer: for they know nothing can be better than when it is according to thy will. Oh that I might always know thy will in all things, and forever apply me self thereto. Hereof it cometh that thy saints and dear children which love their neighbors as thenselves, do yet notwithstanding in their prayers ask vengeance of some, as we may read in the psalms of David, because in praying & talking with thee they se by thy holy spirit (for w t out it is no true prayer) sometimes thy Judgments upon some which they perceive to sin to death, and therefore ought not to be prayed for, but rather to be prayed against, because thy glory cannot be set forth as it should be without their destructiō: thy will is always best & the thing whereto they frame all their desires.
Therefore when they perceive it decreed with thee such and such by their destructyon to set fourth more myghtelye thy glory, howe should they but desire and pray for the same, & write it as David hath done, that the godly in reading and waying such prayers, might receive comfort, and the ungodly be afraid: ells when that they perceive not so manifestly the determened Judgment of god, they in their prayers do most heartily pray for them as Samuel did for Saul, Moses for the Israelites, Abraham for the Sodomites. Oh good faher for thy mercies sake give me the trews love of mankind, but yet so y t I may love mā for thee and in thee, and always prefer thy glory above all things through Christ our lord.
Now though thy children do know that thy will cannot but be done, and nothing can be done but that thou of thine own will hast determined to do, although no man should desire the same, yet are they earnest and frequent in prayer: first to render obedience to thee, which requyreste prayer as a spiritual service to thee: secondly because thou hast ordained prayer to be as an instrumente and mean, by the which thou workeste things with thee already decreed & determined. Thy children do use prayer to offer thee their service, if it shall please the to use the same. As they do eat and drink, which is a mean ordained of thee for the cōseruation of their life, not lookynge hereby to length̄ their days above their bounds which already thou hast appotnted, but as becometh them, to use thy means which thou hast ordained to serve thy providence: So do they (herein as men not curiouse to know thy providence further then thou reuai • est it) use prayer as a mean by y • which thou art accustomed to work many of thy chidrens • e • re, that according to thy good will thou mayest use the same: they do not think a mutability in thee (for y • art god & art not changed, with thee there is no variableness) and therefore they pray, not as mē which would have thy determinations and ordenaunces, which are in most wisdom and mercy, to be altered, but rather that they might submit their willes to shine, & make them more able to bear thy will and pleasure. They know thou haste promised to help them calling upon thee, wherefor thei doubt not but thou so wilt do and therefore pray accordingly. They love thee heartily, and therefore thei cannot but desire much • s talk with thee, that is to pray, even as a well manered and lauinge wife will not take upon her to ask any thing of her husband at all but that, she hopeth he would take in good parte and do of his own fres will, although she had spoken nothing thereof. When she knoweth what her housbands will is in things, she gladely talketh with him thereof, and accordingly as she seeth he is purposed to do, she will often desire him to do it: even so thy children (I say) which heartily love thet, in that they know thy wisdom and will is best, hawe can they but often talk with thes and desire thee to 〈◊〉 that which they know is best, which they know also thou wouldest do 〈◊〉 none should ask or pray for y • same? Thy children use prayer as a mean by which they se plainly thy power, thy presence, thy providence, mercy 〈◊〉 goodness towards them in granntinge their petitions, and by prayer they are confirmed of them all. Yea thy children use prayer to admonish them how that all things are in thy hands. In prayer they are as it were of thee put in mind of those things they have done against thee their good lord. By reason whereof repentance ensueth, and they conceive a purpose to live more purely ever afterwards, and more hartelye to apply themselves to all innocencye & goodness. Who now considering so many great commodities to come by reason of prayer, would marvel why thy children are much in prayer and in laboring to provoke others there unto?
For as none that is a suitor to any other wit use anything which might offend or hinder his suit, so no man that useth prayer will flatter himself in any thing that should desplease thee, to whom by prayer he moveth suit whensoever he prayeth: so that nothing is a more prouocacion to all kind of godliness then prayer is.
And therefore not without cause we may see thine Apostles and servants to labor so dilygentlye, and desire that others might use, prayers for themselves and others.
As concerning outward things which thy childrē pray for, although they know thy will & decree is not variable & thy purpose must neds come to pass, yet do they receive by their prayer no small commodity. For either they obtain their requests or no. If they do obtain thē, then prove they by experience that thou doeste the will of them that fear thee, & so they are more kindled to love & serve thee. And in deed for this purpose 〈◊〉 art wont, when thou wilt do good to any, to stir up their minds to desire y • same good of thee to the end that both thou and thy gifts may be so much more magnisted and set by of them, by how much they have ben ernest suitors and peticioners for the same. For howe can it but en • a 〈◊〉 them with love towards thee, to per ceiue and fele thee so to care for thē, hear them and love them. If they do not obtain that they pray for, yet undoubtedly they receive great comfort to see that the euyls which press them and whereof they complain still, do not oppress and over come them, & therefore they receive strength to bear y • same the better. O good father help me that I might heartily love thee, complain to thee in all my needs and always by prayer to power out my heart before thee. Amen
AN OTHER paraphrase or meditation upon the lords praser.
O Almighty & eternal god of whō all fatherhode in heaven and in earth is named, whose seat is the heaven, whose foot stool is the earth, which of thy great clemency & unspeakable love hast not weighed nor considered our great unkindness and willful disobedience, but according to the good pleasure of thy eternal purpose hast in thy well-beloved son Jesus Christ, chosen us out of the world and doest accept us far other wise then we be in deed, to be called yea and to be in deed thine adopted sons, and doest vouchsafe (oh loving father) that we as it were heavenly children, should everyone of us confess, declare and call thee our heavenly father: grant (dear father) that among us thy poor children by pureness of minds and couscience, by singleness of heart, by uncorrupt and innocent life, and example of virtue and godliness, thy most holy name may be sanctified, and that so many of all other nations as thou hast there unto chosē and predestinate, beholding our godliness & virtuous deeds that thou workest in us, may be the more stirred to halow and gloryfy thy blessed name.
Oh faithful father we beseech thee that the kingdom of thy holy spirit of grace and prayer, of thy loving kindness and mercy, and of all other thy holy virtues, and of thy holy & most blessed word may continually reign in our hearts, so that thou wouldest vouchsafe thereby to make us worthy to be partakers of the realm & kingdom of thy glorious and blessed presence.
Oh dear god and heavenly father we humbly desire thy goodness to bow our hearts unto thee, to make us humble of mind, to make us low in our own fight and obedient, that like as thy dear son our only savior Ies{us} Christ counted his meat, works, praise, and life to be only in obeyng to thy most blessed will, where in for our sakes he became obedient to the death of the cross: so we may evē unto the very death, in lowliness, in mekenes, patience and thankfulness, ohey unto thy holy will and not to murmur and grudge norrefuse whatsoever thy fatherlye piety shall think good to lay on us, be it poverty, hunger, nakedness, slcknes, slanders, oppressions, verations, persequutions, yea or death itself for well doing: but in all things seek and labor to make these our earthly bodies seruiseable to do thy will, and to refuse that thou wilt not, never to strive nor wrastell against thy holy will, but with thy heavenly citizens and household bull ded upon the foundation of thy holy prophets and apostelles, thy son Jesus Christ being the head corner stone, all selfwill and controuersye in opinious secluded, the lusts, desieres & affections of the flesh mortified, the flatering assaults of the vain world, y • cruel and subtyl layings a wait of y • devil overcome, agreing together quietly, and united in spirit, we may freely obey unto thy most blessed will, therein to walk all the days of our life.
Oh dear god give unto our needful bodies necessatie sustenance, & take from us all love of worldly things, all carefulness and covetousness, that we may the more freely worship & serve thee. Oh merciful father we beseech thee to give unto us that heavenly bread to strenghtē our harts, I mean y • body of thy dear sonne Ies{us} christ y • very food & health of our souls, that we may always w t thankfulness firmly feed on him by faith & utterly forsake & abhor all false doctrine & persuasions of mē, and all lying spirits that shall persuade us any other wise of him then thy holy word doth teache & assure us satisfy our hungry souls (dear father) with y • mary & fatness of thy riche mercy promised to us in y • same thy son, and of our eternal election, redcmption, iustificatiō, & glorification in him. Make us (Oh gracious god) to contempne and despise this world with the vain things and pleasures thereof, and inwardly to hunger for thy blessed kingdom and presence, which do thou satisfy (good god) in thy good time according to thy good will and pleasure. Oh most loving god, give us the bread of thi divine precepts and make our hearts perfect, that we may truly & freely walk and live in them all the days of our life. Oh dear and merciful father, we beseech thee give us the bread of thy lively and heavenly word & the true understanding thereof, which is the light of our paths, the food, strong tower and sure defense of our saules, that we being well sensed with this munitiō, fed and filled with this food, may be worthy geastes at thy celestial feast and wedding, where we shall never hunger nor want.
Oh moste righteous and merciful god, father and governor of our life, we confess that we have grievously sinned against thee from our youth up until now in ingratitude, in unthankfulness, willfulness, disobedience, presumption & innumerable our negligences & sins which we fromtime to time most heinously have committed, whereby we have deserved not only sore ad grievous plagues, but even eternal damnation, were it not that thou art y • lord of mercy, and hast power to show mercy on whom y u wilt, wherein thou art riche and plentiful to all them that cal by on thee faithfully: wherefor (dere father) we seeing our manyfold and grievous sins, which we have committed against thee, & also thy great mercy, loving kindness, patience, and long suffering towards us, are compelled not only to bear patiently and suffer our enemies whē they rail on us, slander us, oppress us, vex us, or trouble us, curse, persequute, & kill us: but also to speak well of them, to enstructe them, to pray for them, to do them good, to bliss them, to cloth them, feed thē, so heapyng coals of thy charity and love upon them, and mercyfullye to forgive them even as thou (dear father) for thy beloved Christ's sake haste forgiven us. Thus hast thou taught us (good father) not as the hypocrites to loke narowlye on our neighbors faults, but diligently to examine our own consciences wherein we have offended thee, & also what occasion of offense or falling we have given to our brethren in eating, drinking, going, apparel, speaking, disolute or uncomely laghter, in bargaining, or by any means, and with all speed seek to reconcile our selves to them, & to forgive unto other from the bottom of our harts, whatsoever they have offended us, and to do none other wise then we wish and desire in our hearts that other should do to us, y • so we may find thee (o lord) in forgeuing us our trespasses, mylde & mer cifull, which speedily do thou show thyself unto us, for thy dear Christ's sake.
Oh lord, thou god of the righteous, we feel the frailtis of our nature to be so perverse and apt to sin, that when thou by the gifts of thy holy spirit doest move us, and (as it were) cal us, yea rather draw us unto thee then are we drawn away & tempted of our own concupiscence & lust, beside the great and dangerous assaults of the world and devil: therefore (faithful father) we thy pore children beseech thee to take from us all those evils and occasions that may draw us from thee. Oh dear god, protecte, defend, and strengthen us against all the suggestions & assaults of our enemies, the world, the flesh, and the devil, that neither in prosperite we were haute or high minded to say unthankfully what fellow is the lord, nor yet in the abondaunce of temptations, anguish, vexation, tribulation, or persecution, to be oppressed with fear, nor deceived by flaterie, nor yet to fall in despair and so utterly perish: but in all dangers and perilles of temptacions, and in the myddeste of the stormy tempests of tribulacion (ders father) make us thy poor children to feels the cōsolacion of the certainty of our eternal election in Christ Jesus our lord, and to perceive thy fatherly succoure ready to help us, least that we being overcome with the wicked sleights and veceitfull invasions of the enemies, should (as without thy grace and merciful protection we shall) be drawn into an obstinate mind & so shut up the cundite y • should lead thy gracio{us} gifts & benefits unto us, to our cōmoditye & comfort, that thou mightest lead us forth with the evil doers & barden our harts. Therefore (Oh good god) give us these thi good gifts, namely strength, patience & joyfulness of heart, to rejoice in temptacyō & assure us that it is the trial of our faith, that faith in us may have her perfect work, that when we be well approuyd and purged with the fire of temptations, we may fynishe our life in in vyctory, and ever more live w t thee in thy heavenly kingdom, where no temptation shall do us hurt.
Finally (most merciful father) we humbly beseech thee to deliver us frō this present evil world, from all human & worldly fear, from all infirmities of the flesh & mind, frō false prophets and teachers, from false brethren, from traitors & tyrants &c: and if it be thy good pleasure and may make most to the glory of thy name, deliver us from the hands of our enemies & from all other euylls present and to come both of body & soul, that we being by the great mercy defended from all hurtful things, may always use those things that be profitable for us, deuoutiye givē to serve thee in good works, that y • yoke of our enemies and the bands of sin being shaken of, we may possess the inheritance of thy heavenly kingdom, which thy dere son Jesus Christ hath with his precious blood purchased for, thine elect frō the beginning of the world: for thine is the kingdom, thou only haste the mayestye, thou only art the god above all gods, king of all kings, and lord of all lords, thou only, haste the pour and authorytye to set up kings, and to put them down, thou liftest the poor once of the dust and makesste him to sytte among the princes of thy people, thou only makeste wars to cease and geuist victory to whom thou wilt. Oh dere god, there is neither majesty rule nor power, honor nor worship, dignity nor office, riches nor poverty, health nor sickness, plenty nor scar •• tie, presycritie nor adversity, war nor peace, life nor death, nor any other thing but it is all thine & thou both hast the power & also wilt give it to whō it pleaseth thee in thy time and ceason, that all glory may be given to the alone, for thou art worthy.
O dere father to thee we come therefore for help and succor, for without thee there is no help at all. Oh good father deliver us frō all that is evil in thy sight, for thy own name sake and for thy dear Christ's sake, that we being arms with thy holy armor, and weapened with thy blessed word, and instructed by thy holy spirit, may according to thy holy promise, serve thee without 〈◊〉 are all the days of our life, in such holiness and righteousness as is acceptable in thy sight. To thed therefore (our dear father) our creator, feader, protector, governor, and defendour, and thy beloved son Jesus christ our only peace, merciseate redeemer, iustister, and aduacate, and thy holy spirit our sanctificatō, our wisdom, teacher, instructer, & comforter, be all dominion power and glory forever and ever Amen.
A MEDITATION of the coming of Christ to Judgment and of the reward both of the faithful and unfaithful.
O H lord Jesus Christ the sonne of the everliving god, by whō all things were made, are ruled and governed, as of thy love for our redemption thou diddest not disdain to be our mediator and to take upon thee our nature in the womb of a virgyn puerly and without sin by the operacion of the holy spirit, that both thou mightest in thine own person wonderfullye beutifye and exalte our nature and work the same in us also, first abolishing the giltines of sin by remissyon, then sin it self by death, and last of all death by reising up again these our bodies, that they may be like unto thine own glorious & immortal body, according to the power wherewith thou art able to subject all things unto the: As I say of thy love for our redemption thou becamest man, and that moste poor and afflicted vpō earth by the space of xxxiii. years at the least, in most humility, and paidest the price of our raunsom by thy moste bitter death & passion, for the which I most heartily give thanks to thee: So of the same thy love towards us in thy good time, thou wilt come again in the clouds of heaven with power and great glory, with flaming fire, with thousands of Saints, with Angels of thy power, w t a mighty cry, shout of an Archangel, & blast of a trompe, suddenlye as the lightning which shineth from the east &c when men think lease, even as a thief in y • night, whē mē be a sleep, y • wilt so come (I say) thus suddenlye in the twinkling of an eye, all men that ever have been, be and shall be, with women & children, appearinge before thy tribunal Iudgemēt seat, to render an account of all things which they have thought spoken 〈◊〉 done against thy law, openly and before all Angels, saints, and devils, and so to receive the Iuste reward of thy vengeance, if that they have not repented and obeyed the gospel, & so to depart from thee to y • devil & his angels & all the wicked which ever have been, be, or shall be, into hol • ster, which is unquenchable & of pains intolerable, easeles, endless, hopeless, even frō the face of thy glorious and mighty power: but it they have repented and believed thy gospel, if they be found watchynge with their lamps and oil in their hands, if they be found ready appareled with the wedding garment of innocence, if they have not hardened their hearts, & hourded up their treasure of thy vengeance in y • day of wrath to be reueyled, but have used y • time of grace, the acceptable time, the time of saluatyon, that is the time of this life in the which thou stretchest out thy hand and spreadest thine arms calling and cryinge unto us to come unto thee which art meek in heart and lowely; for thou wilt ease all that labor and are heavy loden, if they have visyted the sick & prisoners, comforted y • cōferties, fed y • hungry, clothed y • naked, lodged y • harbourles, if they have not loden their hearts w t glotteny and surfeiting and carefulness of this life, if they have not digged & hid their talent in the ground doing no good there with, but have been faithful to occupy thy gifts to thy glory and hear washen their garments in thy blood by hearty repentinge them: Then shall thy Angels gather them together, not as the wicked which shall be collected as fagotts and cast into the fire, but as y • good wheat that is gathered into thy barn, then shall they be caught up to meet thee in the clouds, then shall their corruptible body put on incorruption, then shall they be endued with immortality and glory, then shall they be with thee and go whether thou goest, then shall they hear, come blessed of my father possess the kingdom prepared for you frō the beginning &c, then shall they be set on seats of majesty judging y • whole world, then shall they reign with the • forever, then shall god be all in all with them and to them, then shall they enter & enherete heavenly Jerusalem and the glorious reastful land of Canaā, where is always day and never night, where is no manner of weeping, tears, infirmity, hunger cold, sickness, envy, malice, nor sin, but always ioic w t out sorrow, mirth without measure, pleasure without pain, heavenly harmony, most pleasant melody, saying & singing holy holy, holy lord god of hoastes &c: Suma the • le hath not seen the ear hath not heard, neither hath it entered into the heart of man that they shall then enherete & most surely enjoy, although here they be tormented prisoned, burned, solicited of Satan, tempted of the flesh, and entangled with y • world, wherthrough they are enforced to cry, thy kingdom come: come lord Jesus &c: howe amiable are thy tabernacles? Like as y • heart desireth y • water brokes &c: Now let thy servant depart in peace: I desire to be dissolved & to be with Christ: we morne in our selves waiting for the deliverance of our bodies &c. Oh gracious lord when shall I find such mercy w t thee, that I may repent, believe, hope and look for this gear, with the full fruition of these heavenly joys which thou hast prepared for all them that fear thee, and so rest with thee forever more.
A MEDITATION CONCERning the sober usage both of the body and pleasures in this life.
THYS our body which god hath made to be the tabernacle and mansiō of our soul for this life if we cōsidred accordingly, we could not but use it otherwise then we do, that is we would use it for the souls sake being the geste thereof, and not for the body itself, and so should it be served in things to help, but not to hynder the soul. A servant it is and therefore it ought to obey to serve the soul that y e soul might serve god, not as the body will neither as the soul it self will, but as god will, whose will we should learn to know & behave our selves thereafter. The which thig to observe, is hard for us now by reason of sin which hath gotten a mansyon house in our bodies, and dwelleth in us as doth the soul, to y • which (sin I mean) we ar altogether of our selves inclined, because we naturally are sinners & borne in sin, by reason whereof we are ready as servants to sin and to use our bodies accordingly, making the soul to sytte at reward, & pampering up the servant to our shame. Oh therefore (good lord) that it would please thee to opē this gear unto me, and to give me eyes to consider effectually this my body what it is, namely a servant lent for the soul to soiorne in & serve thee ī this life: yea it is by reasō of sin y • hath his dwelling there, become now to the soul nothing else but a prison & that most strait, vile, stinking, filthy, and therefore in danger of miseries, to many in all ages, times, & places, till death hath turned it to dust whereof it came and whether it shall return, that the soul may return to thee from whence it came, until the day of Judgment come, in the which y u wilt reise up that body, that then it may be partaker with the soul & the soul with it inseparably of weal or woe, according to that is done in & by the same body here now in earth.
Oh that I could consider often and heartily these things, then should I not pamper up this body to obey it, but brydle it that it might obey y • soul, then should I fly the pain it putteth my soul unto by reason of sin and provocation to all evil, & continually desire the dissolution of it w t Paul, & y • deliverance frō it, as much as ever did prisoner his deliverance out of prison, for alonelyr by it the devil hath a door to tempt and so to hurt me: in it I am kept frō thy presence, and thou from being so conversant with me as else y u wouldeste be: by it I am restrained from the sense and feeling of all the joys and cōfortes (in manner) which are to be taken as joys and comforts in deed. If it were dissolved and I out of it, then could Satan no more hurt me, then wouldest thou speak w t me face to face, then the conflicting time were at an end, then sorrow would cease and joy woldencrease, and I should enter into inestimable rest. Oh that I considered this accordingly
AN OTHER mediation to the same effect
T HE beginning of all evil in our kind of living springeth out of the deprauatyon and corruptnes of our Judgment, because our will always followeth-that which reason Iudgeth to be followed. Now that which every man taketh to be friendly and agreing to his nature, the same doth he Judge necessarely to be good for him and to be desired. This is meat, drink, apparel, riches, favor, dignity, rule, knowledge, and such like, because they are thought good and agreing either to the body or to the mind or to both, for they help either to the cōseruatiō or to the pleasure of mā, accounted of everyone amongst good things.
Howbeit such is the weakness of our wit on y • one part, & the blindness and to much rage of our lusts on the other part: that we being left to our selves, cannot but in the desire of things which we judge good and agreinge to our nature, by the Judgment of our senses and reasō, we cannot (I say) but over pass the bounds whereby they might be profitable unto us, and so we make thē hurtful to us, which of the themselves are ordained for our health. What is more necessary then meat and drink, or more agreing to nature? but yet how few be there which de not hurt thenselves by them? In like manner it goeth w t riches, estimatiō, friends, learning &c. Yea although we be ī these most. tēperate, yet whē there wanteth y • spirit our regeneratour, we are so drouned. in thē, 〈◊〉 we utterly neglect to lift up our mīds to the good pleasure of god, to the ends we might imitate and follow god our maker by yielding our selnes oiuer dulye to use his gifts to y • common & private utility of our neighbors. But now, gōd only is life & cternity, & cannot but demand of us his. handiworke, y • we should render • ure selves & all we have to the ende wherefor we were made, y • is to resemble for our portion his goodness, as those which be nothing else but witnesses & instruments of his m ••• y. So y • when we wholly do naturally •• riue against y • kind of life whereto he hath creat us, by seeking always ourselves, what other thing ought to ensue, but y • he should again destroy us & take away his notable gifts, where w t be endued us y • by all kind of well doing we should resemble his image, yea what other this may ensue but that he should leave us & y • eternally, y • we might fele & by experience prove how bitter a thing it is to leave y • lord 〈◊〉 whō is all goodness. Oh y • therefore I might find such favor in thy sight dere father, y • y u wouldest work in •• e by thy holy spirit a true knowledge of all good things and hearty love to the same through. Christ Jesus our lord and only savior Amen.
A MEDITATION FOR THE exercise of true mortification.
H E that will be ready in weighty matters to deny his own w • & to be obedient to the will of God, the same had need to accustom him self to deny his desires in matters of iesse weight, and to exercise mortification of his own will in trifles. For if that 〈◊〉 affections by this daily custom, be not (as it were) half slain, surely surely when they lunge shall come, we shall find the more to do, If we cannot watch with christ one hour, as he saith to Peter, we undoubtedly can much less go to death with him. Wherefore that in great temptacions we may be ready to say with Christ, not my will but thine be done, in that this commonly cometh not to pass but where the rotes of our lusts by thy grace (dere father) are almost rotten and rooted out by a daily denial of that they desire: I humbly beseech thee for christs sake to help me herein. First pardon me my cherishing, & (as it were) watering of mine affections, obeyinge them in their deuyses and superfluous desires: wherthroughe in that they have taken depe root, and are to lively in me, I secondly do beseech thee to pul them up by the rotes out of my heart, and so henceforth to order me, that I may continually accustom myself to weaken the principal rote, that the byrotes & braunthes may lose all their power. Graūt me (I beseech thee) y • thy grace may daily mortify my cōcupiscēce of pleasant things, y • is of wealth, riches, glory, liberty, favor of mē, meats, drinks apparel, ease, yea & life itself y • the horror and impaciencie of more grievous things, may he weakened, and I made more patient in aduersytie. Whervnto I further desire & pray thy goodness (dear father, that thou wilt add this, namely that I may forever become obedient & ready to thy good will in all things, heartily & willingly to serve thee, & do whatsoever may please the. For doutles, although we accustom our selves in y • pleasant things of this life to a mortificatiō & denial of our selves, yet we shall find enough to do when more bitter & weighty crosses come. For if thy son our savior (ever wont to obey thy good will) prayed so heartily & often̄: not my will but thy will be don, whereby he declareth himself to be veri mā, how cā it be but we whose nature is corrupt not only in nativity but in y • rest of our whole life also, shall find both our hands full ī great & greuo{us} temptations, wholly to resign our selves unto thee? Graūt therefore, dere father, for thy Christ's sake to me a most miserable wretch, thi grace & holy spirit to be effectual in me, y • daily I may accustom myself to deny my will, in more easy & pleasant things of this life, y • when need shall be I may come w t christ to thee w t a resigned will, always steadfastly expecting thy mercy, & in the mean season, continually obeyng thee with readiness and willingness, doing what so ever may most please thee, through christ our lord, which liveth with thee &c.
A GODLYE MEDITATION and instruction of the providence of god towards mankind.
THis ought to be unto us moste certain, y • nothing is done without thi providence (oh lord) that is, that not nothing is done be it good or bad, sweet or sower, but by thy knowledge, that is, by thy will, wisdom, and ordinance (for all these knowledge doth comprehend in it) as by thy holy word we are taught in many places, that evē the life of a sparow is not w t out thy will, nor any liberty or power upon a porket have all the devils in hell, but by thy appointment & will: w t will we always must believe moste assuredly to be all just & good, how soever otherwise it seme unto us. For y u art meruelo{us} & not comprehensyble in thy ways and holy in all thy works.
But hereunto it is necessary also for us to know no less certainly, that though all things be done by thy providence, yet the same providence hath many & diverse means to work by, which means being contemned thy providence is contemned also. As for example, meat is a mean to serve thy providence, for y • preservation of health and life here, so that he which contemneth to eat because thy providence is certain & infallible, the same contemneth thy providence. In deed if y • it were so y • meat could not be had, then should we not tie thy providence to this mean, but make it free as y u art free that is, that without meat y u canst help and give health and life, for it is not of any need that thou usest any instrumente or mean to serve thy providence: thy power and wisdom is infinite and therefore should we hangon thy providence even when all is clean against us. But for our erudition and infirmities sake, it hath pleased thee by means to work, and deal with us here, to ex exercise us in obedience, & because we cannot else (so great is our corruption) sustain thy naked and bare presence. Grant me therefore dear father I humbly beseech thee for Christ's sake, y • as I something now know these thigs: so I may use this know ledge to my comfort & commodity in thee: y • is, grant y t in what state so ever I be, I may not dout but y • same doth come to me by thy most just ordinance, yea by thy merciful ordinance, for as y u art just so art y u merciful, yea thy mercy is above all thy works.
And by this knowledge, grant me that I may humble myself to obey thee and loke for thy help in time convenient, not only when I have means, by which thou mayest work & art so accustomed to do: but also when I have no means but am destitute, ryea when that all means be directly & clean against me: grant I say yet that I may still hange upon the and thy providence, not doubtinge of a fatherly ende in thy good time.
Again, lest I should contempne thy providence or presume upon. it by vncouplinge those things, which thou hast coupled together, preserve me from negleating thy ordinarye & lawful means in all my needs, yt so be I may have them and w t good conscience use thē, although I know thy providence be not tied to them, further then pleaseth thee: but grant that I may with diligence, reverence and thankfulness use them, and there to my diligence, wisdom and industry in all things lawful, to serve thereby thy providence, if it so please thee: howbeit so that I hange in no part on y • means or on my diligence, wisdom, & industry, but only on thy providence, which more & more persuade me to be altogether father lie and good, how far so ever other wise it appear & seme, yea is felt • of me. By this I being preserved frō negligence on my behalf and dispair or murmuring towards thee, shall be come diligent and patient, through thy mere and alone grace: which give and increase in me, to praise thy holy name forever, through Jesus Christ our lord and only savior, Amen.
A MEDITATION of the presence of god.
T HERE is nothing that maketh more to true godliness of life then the persuasion of thy presence, dear father, & that nothing is hid from thee, but all to thee is open & naked, evē y • very thoughts, which one day thou wilt reuele and open either to our praise or punishment in this life: As thou didst David's faults which he did secretly. 2 Reg 12. or in y t life to come Mat 25: For nothing is so hid that shall not be revealed. Therefore doth the prophet say: woe to them that keep secret their thoughts to hide their counsel from the lord, & do their works in darkness, saying who seeth us? grant to me therefore (dere god) mercy for all my sins, especially my hid & close sins, enter not into judgment with me, I humbly beseech the, give me to believe truly in thy christ that I never come into Judgment for them, that with David I might so reueile them and confess them unto thee, that y u wouldest cover them: And grant further, that hence forth I always think myself continually conversant before thee, so that if I do well I pass not of the publishig of it as hypocrites do, if I do or think any evil, I may forth with know that y • same shall not always be hid from mē. Grant me that I may always have in mind that day wherein hid works of darkness shall be illumined, & also y • sentence of thy son, that nothing is so secrete which shall not be revealed. So ī trouble and wrong I shall find comfort, and otherwise be kept through thy grace from evil, which do y u work I humbly beseech thee for Christ's sake, Amen.
A MEDITATION OF GODES power, beutie, goodness &c.
BEcause thou lord wouldst have us to love thee, not only doest thou will, entice, allure and provoke us, but also doest command us so to do, promising thyself unto such as love thee, and threaning us w t damp nation if we do otherwise: whereby we may se both our great corruptiō & noughtines, & also thine exceeding great mercy towards us.
First, concerning our corruption and noughtines, what a thing is it, that power, riches, authority, beutye, goodness, liberality, truth, Justice, which all thou art good lord, cannot move us to love thee? whatsoever things we see faier, good, wise, mighty, are but evē sparkles of that power, beutie, goodness, wisdom, which y u art. For to the end y u mightest declare thy riches, beutye, power, wisdom, goodness &c: y u hast not only made but still dost coserue all creatures to be (as David saith of y e beauens) declarers & setters forth of thy glory, and as a book to teache us to know thee.
How faier thou art the beutie of the son, mone, stars, light, flowers, rivers, fields, hills, birds, beasts, men & all creatures, yea the goodly shape & form of the whole world doth declare.
How mighty y u art, we are taught by the creation of this world even of naught, by governing the same, by punishinge the wicked mighty gyaunts thereof, by overthrowing their devises, by repressinge the rages of the sea within her bounds, by storms, by tempests, by fires: these & such like declare unto us thine invisible, almighty and terrible power, whereby thou subduest all things unto thee. Howe riche thou art this world, thy great & infinite treasure house, doth well declare. What plenty is there, not only of things, but also of every kind of things? Yea how doest thou yearly & daily multiply these kinds? How many seeds dost thou make of one seed, yea what great increase doest thou bring it unto? These cannot but put us in remembrance of the exceeding riches that thou haste. For if to thine enemies which love thee not (as y • most parte in this world be) if to them thou givest so plentifully thy riches here, what shall we think that with thyself thou haste laid up for thy friends? How good thou art, all creatures generally and particularly do teache. What creature is there in y • world which thou hast not made for our commodity? I will not say how that y u mightest have made us creatures without sense or reasō if thou haddest would. But amongst all things none doth teach us so thy great love towards us, as doth the death of thy most dearly beloved sonne, who suffered the pains & • errors thereof, yea & of bell itself, for our sakes. If this thy love had been but a smalle love, it would never have lasted so long nor Christ should never have died.
A MEDITATION OF DEATH and the commodities it bringeth
WHat other thing do we daily in this present life, then heau sin to sin & hourd up trespass upon trespass? so y • this day is worse always then yesterdaye, by increasing as dais, so sins, & therefore thy indignatiō good lord, against us: but whē we shall be let go out of the prizē of y t body, & so taken into thy blessed company, then shall we be in most safe tie of immortality & salvation, then shall come unto us no sickness, no need no pain, no kind of evil to soul or body, but whatsoever good we can wish, y • shall we have, & what so ever we loath shall be far frō us. O dere father, y • we had faith to be hold these things accordingly. Oh y • our harts were persuaded thereof, & eure affections enflamed w c the desire of them. Then should we live in longing for y • which now we most loath. Oh help us & grant y • we being ignorant of things to come, & of y • time of our death, which to thee is certain, may so live & finish our journey here, y • we may be ready and then depart, wht̄ our departīg may make most to thy glory & our comfort through christ.
What is this life but a smoke, a vapor, a shadow, a warfar, a bubble of water, a word, grass, a flower? Thou shalt die is most certain, but of the time no man cā tell whē. The longer in this life y u doest remain, the more y u sinnest, which will turn to thy more pain. By cogitation of death our minds be often in manner oppressed w t darkness, because we do but remember the night of y e body, forgetting y e light of the mind, & of the resurrectiō. Therto remember y e good things that after this life shall ensue, without wavering, in certainty of faith, & so shall y e passage of death be more desired. It is like a sailing over y e sea to thy home & country: it is like a medicine or purgatiō to y e health of soul & body: It is y e best phicisiō: It is like to a womans travail: for as y e child being delivered, cometh into a more large place then the womb wherein it did lie before, so thy soul being delivered out of the body, cometh into a much more large and faier place, even into heaven.
A GODLYE MEDITATION upon the passion of our savor Jesus Christ.
O H lord Jesus Christ, the sonue of the everliving and almighty god, by whom all things were made, and be ruled and governed, thou the lively Image of y e substance of the father, the eternal wisdom of god, the brightness of his glory, god of god, light of light, coequal, coeternal, and consubstantial with the father, thou of y • love thou haddest to mankind, that when he was fallen from the felowshippe of god into the society of Satan and all evil, didst vouchsalfe for our redemption to become a mediator between god and man, taking to the godhead our nature, as concerning the substance of it, and so becamest man, also the heir of all, and moste merciful Messias, which by the power of thy godhead, and merits of thy manhood, haste made purgation of our sins, even by thine own self, whilst thou wast here on earth being now set on the right hand of thy father for us, even concerning our nature, in majesty, glory, & power infinite: I beseech and humbly pray thy mercy, to grant me at this present, to rehearse some of thy passions and sufferings for me the last night y u wast here before thy death, that thy good spirit might thereby be effecttuall to work in me faith, as well of the pardon of my sins by them, as mortification of mine affections, comfort in my crosses, and patience in afflictions, Amen.
In the middeste of thy last supper with thy dear Apostles, these things cold not but be before thee, namely that they all would leave thee, the most earnest would for swear thee, & one of the xii should most traitorously betray thee, which were no small crosses unto thee. Judas was admonished of thee to beware, but when he toke no heed, but willfully went out to finish his work, contēning thy admonition & counsel, he could not but vere thy most loving heart.
After supper there was contention amongst thy disciples who should be greatest after thee, yet dreaming carnally of thee and thy kingdom, & having this affection of pride & ambition busy amongst them, notwithstanding thy diligence in reproving and teaching them.
After thy admoniciō to them of the cross y • would come, thereby to make them more vigilant, so gross were they, y • they thought they could with their .ii. swerds put away all pertis: which was no little grief unto thee. After thy comīg to Gethsemane, heuines oppressed thee, & therefore thou wouldest thy disciples to pray, y u didst tell to peter and his felows, that thy heart was heavy to death, y u didst will them to pray, being careful for them also least they should fall into temptation. After this y u wentest a stones cast frō them & didst pray thyself, falling flat & grouelīg vpō y e earth, but alas y • feltst no comfort, & therefore y u camest to thy disciples, which of all others wer most sweet & dere unto thee, but lo to thy further discomforte, they pass nether of thy perils nor of their own, & therefore sleep a pace. After y • hadst awaked them, y u goest again to pray, but y u foūdest no comfort at all, & therefore didst return again for some comfort at thy derest friends hands. But yet again, alas, they are fast a sleep: whervpō y u art enforced to go again to thy heavenly father for some sparcle of comfort in these thy wonderful crosses & agonies. Now here y u wast so discouraged & so cōfortlesse, that evē streams of blood came running frō thine eyes & cares & other partes of thy body. But who is able to express y e infinitnes of thy crosses evē at thy being in y • garden? all which y • sufferdest for my sake, as well to satisfy thi fathers wrath for my sines, as also to sanctify all my sufferings the more gladelye to be sustained of me.
After thy bloody prayer, thou camest, and yet again foundeste thy disciples a sleep, and before y u canst well awake thē, lo • Judas cometh w t a great band of mē, to apprehend thee a these, & so doth, leading thee away bound to the high Bysshopps house Annas, and so frō him to Caiaphas. Here now to augment this thy myserie, behold thy Disciples flee from thee, false witnesses be brought against thee, thou art accused and condemned of blasphemy, Peter evē in thy sight forswereth thee, thou art unjustly stricken for answering lawfully, thou art blindfelde, stricken & buffeted all the whole night in the Bysshoppe Caiaphas house of their cruel servants.
In the morning by times thou art condemned again of the priests of blasphemy, and therefore they bring thee before y • secular power to Pilate, by whō y u art openly arrayned as other thieves and malefauoures were: when he saw that thou wast accused of malice, yet he did not desmysse thee, but did send thee to Herod where thou was derided shamefully in coming and goeinge to and from him all the way wonderfully, especially after Herod had appareled thee as a fool.
Afore pilate again therefore thou wast brought, and accused falsely, no man did take thy parte or speak a good word for thee.
Pilate caused thee to be whipped & scourged and to be handled most pitifully, to see if any pity might appear with the prelates, but no manat all pitied thee.
Barabbas was preferred before thee, all the people head & tail, was against thee & cried hange thee up, unjustly to death wast thou judged, y u wast crowned with thorns that pierced thi brains, thou wast made a mocking stock, thou wast reviled, re • aited, beaten and most miserably handled.
Thou wentest through Jerusalem to the place of execution, even the mount of Caluarie: A great cross to bange thee on was laid upon thy back to bear and draw, as longe as thou wast able.
Thy body was racked to be nailed to the tree, thy hands were bored thorough, & thy fete also, nails were put thorough them to fasten thee there on, thou wast hanged between heaven and earth, as one spewed out of heaven, & vomited out of the earth unworthy of any place: y • high priest laughed thee to sckorne, the elders blasphemed thee, and said god hath no care for thee, the common people laughed and cried out vpō thee, thrist oppressed thee, but vinegre only and gal was givē to thee to drink, heaven shined not on thee, the son gave thee no light, the earth was afraid to bear thee, Satan tempted thee, and thine own senses caused thee to cry out: my god my god, why hast thou forsakē me? Oh wonderful passions which y u sufferedst. In them y u teachest me, in thē thou comfortest me: for by them god is my father, my sins are forgiven: by thē I should learn to fear god, to love god, to hope ī god, to hate sin to be patient, to cal upon god, & never to leave him for any tentatiōs, but with thee still to cry father in to thy hands I cōmende my spirit.
A CONFESSION OF SINNES, and prayer for the mitigation of gods wrath and punishment for the same.
O Almighty god, king of all kings & gouerner of all things, whose power no creature is able to resist, to whom it belongeth justly to to punish sinners, and to be merciful unto them that truly repent: we confess that thou doest most iustely punish us, for we have greuouslye sinned against thee, and we acknowledge that in punishinge us y u doest declare thyself to be our most merciful father, as well because y u doeste not punish us in any thing as we have deserved, as also because, by punishing us thou doest call us and (as it were) draw us to increase in repentance, in faith, in prayer, in contemning of the world and in hearty desiring for everlasting life and thy blessed presence. Grant us therefore gracious lord thankfully to acknowledge thy great mercy, which haste thus favorably dealt with us in punishing us, not to our confusion but to our amendment. And seeing thou hast sworn that y u wilt not the death of a sinner but that he turn & live, have mercy upon us and turn us unto thee for thi dearly beloved sonne Jesus christs sake, whō thou wouldest should be made a slain sacrifice for our sins, thereby declaring thy great and unspeakable anger against sin, & thine infinite mercy to wards us sinful wretches.
And for as much as the dullness of our harts, blindness, and corruption is such, that we are not able to arise up unto thee by faithful & hearty prayer, according to our great necessity, without thy singular grace and assistance: grant unto us gracious lord, thy holy and sanctif • inge spirit to work in us this good work, with a pure and clean mind, with an humble and lowelye heart, with grace to way and consider the need and greatness of that we do desire, and with an assured faith and trust that thou wilt grant us our requests, because thou art good and gracious even to young ravens catling upon thee, much more then, to us for whom thou haste made all things, yea & hast not spared thine own dere son: because thou hast commanded us to call upon thee: because thy throne whereunto we come is a throne of grace & mercy: because thou hast given us a mediator Christ to bring us unto thee, being the way by whom we come, being the door by whom we enter, and being our head on whō we hang and hope that our poor petitions shall not be in vain through and for his names sake.
We beseech thee therefore of thy rich mercy, wherein thou art plentiful to all them that call upon thee, to forgive us our sins, namely our unthankfulness, unbelief, self love, neglect of thy word, securitye, hypocrisy, contempt of thy long suffringe, omissyon of prayer, doubting of thy power, presence, mercy, and good will towards us, vnsensyblenes of thy grace, impaciencye &c: and to this thy benefytte of corrcaynge us, add these thy gracious gifts, repentance, faith, the spirit of prayer, y • contempt of this world and hearty desiring for everlasting life: indue us with thy holy spirit according to thy covenant and mercy, as well to assure us of pardon and that thou doest accept us into thy favor, as thy dear children in Christ and for his sake, as to write thy law in our hearts & so to work in us, that we may now begin and go forwards in believing, living, fearing, obeyng, praying, hoping & seruinge thee as thou doest require most fatherly and most justly of us, acceptinge us as perfect through Christ and by imputation.
And moreoner when it shall be thy good pleasure & most to thy glory, deliner us we (beseech thee) out of y • hands of thine adversaries by such means, be it death or life, as may make to our comfort most in Christ. In the mean season and forever, save us and govern us with thy holy spirit and his eternal consolation.
And concerning thine adversaries which for thy sake are become ours adversaries, so many of them as are to be converted, we beseech thee to show thy mercy upon them and to convert thē: but those that are not to be converted which thou only doest know (most mighty god and terrible lord) confound, and get thy name a glory over them, abate their pride, aswage their malice, bring to naught their deuelishe devises, and grant that we and all thine afflicted children, may be arms with thy defense, weaponed with thy wisdom and gyded with thy grace and holy spirit, to be preserved forever from all giving of offenses to thy people, and from all perilles, to glorify thee which art the only giver of all victory through the merits of thy only son Jesus Christ our lord Amen.
AN OTHER CONFESSION of sins.
A S David, seeing thine angel with his sword ready drawn (moste righteous lord) to plague Ierusalē, cried out unto thee, it is I lord that have sinned, & I that have done wickedly, thine hand lord be on me and not on thy poor sheep: wherthrough thou waste moved to mercy, and baddest thine Angel put up his sword, thou haddest taken punishment enough: Even so we gracious lord, seeing thy fearful sword of vengeance ready drawn and presentlye strikynge against this common weal and thy Church in the same, we (I say) are occasyoned every man now to caste of our eyes from beholdinge and narrowly spieng out other men's faltes, and to set our own only in fight, that with the same Dauide thy servant, and with Jonah in the ship we may cry, it is we (o lord) which have sinned and procured this thy grievous wrath.
And this we now gathered together in Christ's name, do acknowledge, confessing our selves giltye of horrible ingratitude for our good king, for thy gospel and pure religion, and for the peace of thy church & quietness of the cōmō weal, besides our negligences & many other our grievous sins, where through we have deserved not only these but much more grievous plages, if that even presentlye thou diddest not as thou art wont, remember thy mercy.
Herevpon (that thou in thine angre remembreste thy mercy before we seek & sue for it) we take boldness as thou commaundeste us to do in our trouble, to come and call upon thee to be mercyefull unto us, and of thy goodness now we humbly in Christ's name pray thee to hold thy hand and cease thy wrath, or at y • least so to mitigate it, that this realm may be quietly governed and the same eftes • nes to be a harborowe for thy church and true religion, which do thou restore to us again according to thy great power and mercy, and we shall praise thy name forever through Jesus Christ our only mediator and savior, Amen.
A PRAIER FOR THE REMISsion of sins
O H lord god and dear father, what shall I say, that feel all things to be in manner with me as in y • wicked, blind is my mind, crooked is my will, and perverse concupiscence is in me as a spring or stinking puddle. Oh howe faint is faith in me? howe little is love to thee or thi people? how great is self love? how hard is my heart? &c. By the reason whereof I am moved to doubt of thy goodness towards me whether thou art my father or no, and whether I be thy child or no. In deed worthily might I dout if that the having of these were the causes and not the fruits rather of thy children. The cause why thou art my father is thi mercy, goodness, grace and truth in christ Jesus, the which cannot but remain forever. In respect whereof thou hast borne me this good will, to accept me into the number of thy children, that I might be holy, faithful, obedient, innocent &c. And therefore thou wouldst not only make me a creature after thy Image, enduing me with right limbs, shape, form, memory, wisdom &c, where thou mightest have made me a beast, a maimed creature, lame, blind, frātike &c: but also thou wouldest that I should be borne of Christian parents, brought into thy Church by baptism, and called divers times by the ministry of thy word into thy kingdom, besides the innumerable other benefits always hither to poured upon me. Al which thou haste done of this thy good will that y u of thine own mercy barest to me in Christ & for Christ before the world was made. The which thing as y u requirest straitly that I should believe w t out doubting, so in all my needs that I should come unto thee as to a father, & make my mone w t out mistrust of being hard in thy good time, as most shall make to my cōsort. Loe therefore to thee dere father I come through thy son our lord, mediator and advocate Jesus christ, who sitteth on thy right hand making intercession for me, & pray thee of thy great goodness & mercy in christ, to be merciful unto me, that I may feel in deed thy sweet mercy as thy child. The time (oh dear father) I appoint not, but I pray thee that I may w t hope still expect & loke for thy help. I hope that as for a little while y u hast left me, thou wilt come and visit me, and that in thy great mercy whereof I have need by reason of my great misery. Thou art wont for a little season in thine anger to hyde thy face from them whom thou lovest, but surely (o • redeemer in eternal mercies) y u wilt show thy compassions. For when thou leavest us oh lord, y u doest not leave us very long, neither doest y u leave us to our loss, but to our lucre & advantage: evē that thy holy spirit with bigger portion of thy power & virtue, may lighten and cheare us, that y • want of feeling to our sorrow, may be recompensed plentifully with the lively sense of having thee, to our eternal Joy: and therefore thou swarest, that in thine everlasting mercy thou wilt have cōpassiō on us. Of which thing to the end we might be most assured, thin o • he is to be marked, for y u sayest: as I have sworn y • I will not bring anymore the waters to drown the world: so have I sworn y • I will never more be angry with thee nor reprove thee. The moūtains shall remove & y • hills shall fall down, but my loving kindness shall not move, & y • bond of my peace shall not fail thee: thus sayest y u y • lord our merciful redeemer. Dere father therefore I pray thee remember, evē for thine own truth & mercies sake, this promise & everlasting covenant, w t in thy good time I thee to write in my heart, that I may know thee to be the only true god, and Jesus Christ whom thou haste sent: that I may love thee with all my heart forever: y t I may love thy people for thy sake: that I may be holy in thi sight through Christ: that I may always not only strive against sin, but also overcome the same daily more and more, as thy children do, above all things desiringe the sanctification of thy name, the coming of thy kingdom, the doing of thy will here on earth as it is in heaven &c: through Jesus Christ our redeemer, mediator & advocate, Amen.
AN OTHER PRAIER FOR remission of sins.
O Gracious god, which sekest all means possible how to bring thy children into the feeling and sure sense of thy mercy, & therefore whē prosperity will not serve, then sendeste thou adversity, graciouslye correcting them here whō y • wilt shall with thee ells where live forever: we poor misers give humble praises and thanks unto thee (dear father) that thou hast vouched us worthy of thy correction at this present, hereby to work that which we in prosperity & liberty did neglect. For the which neglecting and many other our grievous sins, whereof we now accuse our selves before thee (most merciful lord) thou mightest most iustely have given us over and destroyed us both in souls and bodies. But such is thy goodness towards us in Christ, that thou semest to forget all our offenses, and as though we were far otherwise then we be in deed, thou wilt that we should suffer this cross now laid upon us for thy truth and gospelles sake, and so be thy witnesses with the prophets, apostles, martyrs and confessors, yea with thy dearly beloved son Jesus Christ, to whō thou doest now here begin to fashion us like, that in his glory we may be like him also.
Oh good god, what are we on whō thou shouldest she we this great mercy? Oh loving lord forgive us our vnthankfullnes & sins. Oh faithful father give us thine holy spirit now to cry in our harts, Abba dere father, to assure us of our eternal elections in Christ, to reueile more & more thi truth unto us, to cōfirm, strengthen and stablishe us so in the same, that we may live and die in it as vessels of thy mercy, to thy glory and to the comoditie of thy church. Indue us with the spirit of thy wisdom, that with good conscience, we may always so answer y • enemies in thy cause, as may turn to their conversion or confusion and our unspeakable consolatiō in Ies{us} christ: for whose sake we beseech thee hence forth to keep us, to give us patience, and to will none otherwise for delyneraunce or mitigation of our misery, then may stand alway with thy good pleasure and merciful will towards us.
Grant this dear father not only to us in this place, but also to all other ells where afflicted for thy names sake, through the death and merits of Jesus Christ our lord Amē.
A PRAIER FOR DELIVERANCE from sin and to be restored to gods grace and favor again.
O H almighty and ever lasting lord god which hast made heaven earth &c, oh incōprebensible unity, oh always to be worshipped most blessed Trinity: I humbly beseth thee and pray thee, by the assumption & crucified humanity of our lord Jesus Christ, that thou wouldest enclyne and bow down the great depth of thy deity to the botomeles pit of my vilitie: drive frō me all kind of vice, wickedness, and sin, and make in me a new and clean heart, and renew in me a right spirit for thy holy names sake.
Oh lord Jesus I beseech thy goodness for y • excedig great love which drew thee out of thy fathers bosom, into the womb of the holy virgin, and for the assumptiō of mannes nature, wherein it pleased thee to save me & to deliver me from eternal death, I beseech thee (I say) that thou wouldest draw me out of myself into thee my lord god, and grant this thy love may recover again to me thy grace, to increase and make perfect in me that which is wantinge, to raise up in me that which is fallen, to restore to me that which I have lost, & to quicken in me that which is dead & should live, that so I may be come conformable unto thee in all my life and conversation, thou dwelling in me and I in thee, my heart being soupled with thy grace, & settled in thy faith forever.
Oh y u my god, lose & set at liberty my spirit from all inferriour things: govern my soul & so work, that both in soul and body I may be holy and live to thy glory world without ende Amen.
A PRAIER FOR THE OBTAIning of faith.
O Merciful god and dere father of our lord & savior Jesus christ, In whom as thou art well pleased, so hast thou commanded us to hear him, for as much as he often biddeth us to ask of thee, and thereto promiseth that thou wilt hear us and grant us that which in his name we shall ask of thee: loe gracious father, I am bold to beg of thy mercy through thy son Jesus Christ, one sparcle of true faith and certain persuasion of thy goodness and love towards me in Christ, wherthrough I being assured of the pardon of all my sins by the mercies of Christ thy son, may be thankful to thee, love thee and serve thee in holiness and righteousness all the days of my life, Amen.
A PRAIER FOR REPENTANCE
MOst gracious god and merciful father of our savior Jesus Christ, because I have sinned and done wickedly, and through thy goodness have received a desire of repentance, whereto this longe suffering doth draw my hard heart: I beseech thee for thy great mercies sake in Christ, to work the same repentance in me, and by thy spirit, power, and grace, to humble, mortify and fear my conscience for my sins to salvation, that in thy good time thou mayest comfort and quick̄ me through Jesus Christ thy dearly beloved senne, So be it.
A DIALOGE OR COMMVNIcation between Satan and our conscience.
THOU hast sinned against god, therefore thou must die.
Why then died Christ?
For sinners, but how knowest thou he died for thee?
Because I am a sinner: and he is both able and willing to forgive me.
I grant that he is able to forgive thee, but how knoweste thou he will?
He would not surely have died if he would not forgive.
But howe knowest thou that he will forgive thee?
Because I would sayne be forgiven.
So would Judas as well as y • , and prevailed not.
The scriptures went upon Judas fact which must needs be fulfilled, they never went upon mine.
Agayne Judas bare a figure of the people of thee Jews, which trybe only fell from Christ, when all other eleven tribes of the world did styeke fast unto him. I am a poor sinner of the gentiles, of whom it is written I will be eraited in the gentiles.
If thou be a sinner of the gentiles, yet thou must consider thy sin is great.
I grant, but Christ's passion is greater.
Oh but y • hast sinned very often̄
Tell me not Satan what I have done, but what I will do.
Why what wilt thou do?
By gods grace my full purpose is here after to take better hede and to amend my former life.
Is that enough thinkest thou?
What lacketh?
The favor of God, which hath clean forsaken thee.
So God favored & loved the world, that he gave his own dere son, that whosoever seeth him as the Israelites did the brazen serpent, they shall not perish but have life everlasting.
A short and pithy defense of the doctrine of the holy election and predestination of God, gathered out of the first Chapter of S. Paul's Epistle to the Ephesians. By I. bradford.
T Here is neither virtue nor vice to be considered according to any outward action, nor according to the will and wisdom of man: but according to the will of god. Whatsoever is conformable thereto, the same is virtue, and the action that springeth thereof is laudable & good, howsoever it appaere otherwise to the eyes and reason of man: as was the lifting up of Abraham's hand to have stain his son. Whatsoever is not conformable to the will of god, that same is vice, & the action springing thereof is to be disallowed & taken for evil: & that so much the more and greater evil, by howe much it is not consonaunt and agreeing to gods will, although it seme fair otherwise to man's wisdom, as was Peters wish of making three tabernacles, and the request of some which would have had fire to have come down from heaven, upon a zeal to god &c.
Now, the will of God is not so known as in his word. Therefore according to it must vice and virtue, good and evil, be judged: and not according to the Iudgemente, wisdom, reason, and collection of any man, or of all the whole world, if all the Angels in heaven should take their part.
But this word of god which is written in the canonical books of the byble, doth playnelye set surth unto us that god hath of his own mercy and good will, and to the praise 〈◊〉 his grace and glory, in Christ elected some and not all, whom he hath predestinate unto everlasting life in the same Christ, and in his time calleth them, iustifyeth them, and gloryfyeth them, so that they shall never perish and err to damnation finally.
Therefore to affirm, teach, and preach this doctrine hath in it no hurt, no vice, no evil, much less then hath it any enormityes (as some do affirm) to the eyes and spirit of them which are guyded and will be, by the word of god.
That god the eternal father of mercies, before the beginning of the world, hath of his own mercy and good will, and to the praise of his grace and glory, elected in Christ some and not all of the posterytye of Adam, whom he hath predestynate unto eternal life, and callethe them in his time, iustyfyeth them, and gloryfyeth them, so that they shall never perish or err to dampnatiou fynallye: that this proposytyon is true and according to gods plain and manifest word, by the help of his holy spirit (which in the name of Jesus Christ I humbly beseech his mercy, plenteously to give to me at this present and forever, to the sanc tification of his holy name: by the help I say of his holy spirit I trust so evidently to declare, that no man of god shall be able b • the word of god ever to impugn it, much less to confute it.
In the first chapter of the epistle to the Ephesians, y • apostle saith thus: Blessed be God the father of our Lord Jesus Christ, which hath blessed us with all manner of blessings in heavenly things by Christ, according as he hath elect or chosen us in him before the foundation of the world was laid, that we should be holy and without blame before him through love: & hath predestinat us (or ordained us) thorough Jesus Christ, to be heirs unto himself, according to the good pleasure of his will, to the praise of the glory of his grace, where with he hath made us accepted in the beloved, by whom we have received redemption thorough his blood, and the forgiveness of our sins, according to the riches of his grace, which grace he hath shed on us abundauntly in all wysedom & understanding and hath opened unto us the mystery of his will according to his good pleasure, which he purposed in him self, to have it declared when the time was full come, that he might gather together all things by (or in) Christ, as well the things that be in heaven, as the things that be in earth. even in (or by) him: by (or in) whom we are made heirs, being thereto predestinat according to the purpose of him which worketh all things according to the decree (or counsel) of his own will, that we which hoped before (you) in Christ, should be unto the praise of his glory: in whom ye also hoped after that ye heard the word of truth, the gospel of your salvation, wherein ye also believing, were sealed with the holy spirit of promise, which is the earnest of our inheritance, until the redemption (or full fruition) of the purchased possession unto the praise of his glory.
These be y • words of Paul, which I have faithefully translated according to the very text in the Greek, as by the judgment of all y • be learned I desire herein to be tried: out of the which words of Paul we may well perceive everything affirmed in my proposition, as I will give occasion plainly to them that will, to see it.
First, that y • cause of gods election is of his good will, the Apostle showeth in sayig that it is through his love, whereby we are holy and without blame: also, according to y • good pleasure of his will: according to his good pleasure purposed in him self: according to his purpose which worketh all things after the counsel of his own will.
Secondly, that electiō was before the beginning of the world, the apostle plainly showeth in saying, that we were chosen before the foundatios the world was laid: and afterwards, in calling it the misterye of his will purposed with himself, in time to be declared.
Thirdly, that election is in christ, the Apostle doth so flatly and plainly set it fourth, that I need not here to repeat it. We (saith he) are chosen in him: we are heirs by him: we are accepted by him: we are gathered together in him &c.
Fourthelye, that electyon is of some of Adams posterytye and not of all, we may playnelye see it, if we consider that he maketh the true demonstratyon of it beleuinge, hopinge, and having the earneste of the spirit. In whom yea hoped (saith he) after ye hard the word &c: in whom ye believed, were sealed up &c. Agayne in attrybutynge to the elect, forgiveness of sins, holiness, blameless living, being in Christ &c. That we should be holy saith he &c: we have received forgiveness of sins &c. Whoe seeth not that these are not common to all men? All men have not saith, saith Paulle elles where. None believed (saith • ache) but such as were ordained to eiernail life. None believe but such as be borne of god. None believe treewlye but such as have good hearts, and keep gooddes seed to bring forth fruits by patience.
So that it is plain (faith being a demonstration of gods election to them that be of years of distretion) that all men are not elect because all mē believe not. For he that believeth in the lord, shall be as mount Zion: that is, he shall never be removed. For if he be removed, that is finally perish, surely he never truly believed. But what go I about to lighten a candle in the clear sonne light, when our savior plainly saith y • all be not chosen, but few? Many be called (saith he) but few be chosen. And in the second chapter to the eph: the Apostle plainly saith that the great riches of gods mercy through his exceeding great love, hath saved them before their parents & many other gentiles, which were excluded from Christ, and strangers from the promise, hoples, godless &c. Whertherough we may be occasioned to cry: Oh the depth of the Judgments of god, which is just in all his doings and holy in all his works, extēding his mercy after his good pleasure & will, above all his works.
Fyftly, that god hath predeffinate these, thus elect, unto everlasting life in Christ, the apostle doth also in the words before written, declare in saying: & hath predestinate us through Jesus Christ to be heirs unto him self. Again, by him (saith he) ye are made heirs and predestinate to the praise of his glory. So saith the Apostle else where: whom he hath predestinate, them he hath predestinate to be like fashioned unto the shape of his son. And Christ therefore saithe, rejoice in this, y • your names are written in heaven.
Sirtly, that the ende of election is to the praise of gods glory and grace, the Apostle showeth here, in saying: we are predestinate to be holy and without blame before god &c: in saying, we are predestinate to y • glory of his grace, and in saying also, unto the praise of his glory: so that nothing can be more manifest.
Seventhly, that predestination is not without vocation in gods time, and justification, the Apostle here doth teach in bringing us to the consideration of hearing the word of truth, believing and receiving the holy spirit, remission of sins &c. In whom (saith he) ye have hoped, after that ye heard the word of truth &c. Again, by whom ye have redemytion, that is, remission of sins thorough the sheeding of his blood &c: Also, he hath in his full time declared the mystery of his will &c. Unto the Rom. the apostle shewth it most manifestly in saying: whom he hath predestinate them he calleth, whom he calleth thē he justifieth. Whereby we may se that predestination or election is not vniuersalle of all, for all be not justified.
Eyghtly and last of all, that election is so certain, that the elect and predestinate to eternal life shall never finally perish or err to damnation, the apostle doth here also very plainly show in saying: that they are predestinate to the praise of gods grace: he saith not to the praise of has Justice, to the praise of his wisdom, to the praise of his power (although he might most truly say so) but he saith to the praise of his grace: which were not grace if there were any respect at all of works on our behalf, for then were grace not grace. If there should be any condemnation of the elect and predestinate to eternal life, it must needs be because of their sins: but where were the praise of gods grace then, which is the ende of gods election? Shall we not by this means make gods electiō without an ende, and so without a head, and so no election at all, as some would have, further then they elect themselves? Let such fear they shall not find the benyfyte of gods electiō, because they seek it as the Israelites did and not as the elect, which not only find it but also obtain it. The other are blinded, as it is written: god hath givē them the spirit of unquietness, eyes that they should not see, and ears that they should not hear, eeuen to this day &c. Agayne, he showeth the certayntye of salvation to them that be elected, in saying that they be accepted ī the beloved. once accepted and beloved, in Christ and ever beloved: for whom he loveth, he loveth to the end. And gods gifts are such that he cannot repent him of thē. And therefore saith christ I know whom I have chosen, attributing to election the cause of final persenerance. By which thing Judas was seen not to be elected to eternal life, although he was elected to the office of an Apostle, as Saul was elected to the office of a king. Which kind of election is to be discerned in reading the scriptures, from this kind of election y e which I speaks of now, that is, frō election to eternal life in christ. Thirdly he showeth y • certaintye of saluatiō of y • elect, by calling thē heirs. For if we be heirs of god, then are we fellow hei res with Christ, to be afflfcted and glorified with Christ, and therefore saith he, according to the decree of his own will. Loe he calleth it a decree or counsel which shall stand, as Csai saith: the counsel of the lord shall stand. Fourthlye he she weth this certainty by saying that they are elect and predestinate to y • praise of gods glory, which we should more care for, then for the salvation of all the world. This glory of y • lord is set forth as well in them y • perish & are reprobates, as in the elect, & therefore S. John bringing in y • place of Isaiah speakig of y • reprobate saith, y • Isaiah spake that whē he saw the glory of the lord. This glory of the lord to be set forth by us, is a great mercy and benefit of god. I am assured that if the very devils and reprobates did not repyne hereat, but were thankful that they might be ministers in any pointe to set fourth gods glory: I am assured (I say) that they should find no hell nor torments. Theyr hell and tourmentes cometh of the love they have to them selves and of the malice, envy, and hatred they have against God and his glory. Let them tremble and fear that may not away withe the glory of the lord in election and reprobation.
Let not their eyes be evil because god is good, and doth good to whom it pleaseth him: wrong he doth to no man, nor can do, for then he were not righteous and so no god. He cannot condemn the just, for thē were be untrue, because his word is contrary. He cannot condemn the penitent and beleuer, for that were against his promise. Let us therefore labor, study, cry and pray for repentance and faith, and then cannot we be damned, because we are y • blessed of the father before all worlds, & therefore we believe, therefore we repent. And for as much as it pertaineth to us which be within, to see and to speak of those things which are given unto us of god in Christ: let us labor hereaboutes, and leave them that be without to the lord, which will Judge them in his time. The Apostle prayeth for the Ephesians, for none other wisdom and re uelatiō from god, then whereby they might know god & have their minds illumined, to see what they should hope for by their vocation, and bow rich the glory of his inheretaunce is upon his saints. Further then this, I think is vnsemly for us to search, until we have sought out, how rich gods goodness is and will be to us his children. The which we can never do, but the more we go theraboutes and the more we taste his goodness, the more we shall love him and loath all things that displease him. This (I say) let us do, and not be to busy bodies in searching the majesty and glory of god, or in norrishing in any wise the doubting of our salvation, whereto we are ready enough, and the devil goeth about nothing ells so much as that: for by it we are dulle to do good to other, we are so careful for our selves. By it we are more dulle to do good to our selves, because we stand in doubt whether it profiteth us or no. By it we dishonor god, either in making him as though he were not true, or elles as though our salvation came not only and altogether from him, but hanged partly on our selves. By it the devil will bring men at length to despair and hatred of god. Doubte once of thy salvation and continue therein, and surely he then will ask no more. It was the first thing wherewith be tempted Christ: if thou be the sonne of god &c: It is the first and principalest darte he casteth at gods ele • t. But as he prevailed not against Christ, no more shall he do against any of his members, for they have y • shield of faith which quencheth his fiery darts, they praise god night & day, how then should they perish? The Angels of the lord pitch their tents round about them, how then should Satan prevail? They are borne in y • hands of the angels least they should hurt their feet at any stone: God hath given commandment to his Angels over them: The Angels are ministers unto them: Their names are written in y • book of life, & therefore Christ bad them rejoice: as paul doth y • philippiās, for nothig shall separate them frō y • love wherw t god loveth thē in Christ Jesus, who saith that it is impossible for them to err finally to damnation: for he is their light to illumine their darkness: They are given to him to keep, & he is faithful over all gods childrē. He saith he will keep thē so that they shall never perish. After they believe, they are entered already into everlasting life. Christ hath set thē there already: he hath committed thē into his fathers hands by prayer, which we know is sure, & therefore death, hell, devils nor all power, sins nor mischefe, shall never pul us out of our heads hands whose menbres we are, & therefore receiving of his spirit as we do, we cannot but bring forth y • fruits thereof, though now & then the flesh fail us. But the lord, evē our lord be praised which is more strong in us then he which is in y • world: he always putteth under his hand y • we lie not still nor shall do as y • reprobate, whose piety is as y • mornig dew, soon come & sone gone: & therefore thei cn̄not continue to y • end. Cānot? no they will not if thei cold, because thei hate god & his glory & therefore all thē y • seek it or set it forth: whereas y • elect love all mē & seek to do all men good in god, suspendig their judgments of others, y • they may stand or fall to the lord and not to them.
Hitherto out of this one place of Paul to y • Ephesians, if the matter of election and predestination be so fully set forth, to gods glory and to the comfort of his Church: howe may we suppose is this matter set fourth in the whole body and books of y • canonical scripture? whereto I had rather send thee good reader, with this candell light which I have now given thee then in a matter so manifest to make more a do then needeth.
An other treatise of election and freewill by 1. bradford.
T Hat there is and always hath ben with God, even before the world was made, an election in christ, of all those y t shall be saved, many places ī y e scriptures do teach: as to y • Eph. 1. rom. 8. 9. 11. 1. Thes. 1. Math. 20. 22. 24. Mark. 13. Tit. 1. Act. 13. Philip. 11. Luke. 10 18. Apoe 3. 13. 17. 21. 22. John. 6. 8. 10. 13. 17. And almost everywhere in the new test a meant. In no case therefore it may be denied of any y • is godly, although be cannot attain to gods wisdom Justice, and mercy in it, For that were to see gods fore partes. We must grant it therefore because the word of god doth not only teach it, but also it standeth with the very nature of god, that to him not only men, but all things also that have ben or shall be forever, ī all creatures are not only certain, but so certain, that they cannot but be accordingly, & serve his providence: for else god were not god, if anything were, hath ben, or could be without his knowledge, yea certain knowledge: which knowledge in god may not be separated of any man from his wisdom, & so not from his will, except we would make two gods, as did the manichees, one the author of all good, and another the author of all evil, both which (say they) were eternal & without beginning. Which their opinion is deuelishe & against y • word of god most manifestly, which affirmeth in many places that there is no mo gods but one, or any other that have power to do good or evil absolutely, or of thenselves. But lest some men which are to curious should hereout gather, that then all things come by fatal necessity, as the Stoics thought, or by compulsion and coaction, as other think, and therefore say they, all gods precepts requiring that which we cannot do, are in vain: I think it good to speak something hereof.
Fyrste the Stoics opinion is to be condemned as concerning fatal necessity, for that it tieth and byndeth god to the seconde causes, and maketh him, which is a most free agent, bound and tied, so that he cannot work but as the seconde cause mouethe him. For they did Imagyne a perpetual connection and knyttinge together of causses by a perpetual order which is contained in nature, where as we should certaynelye know that it is God which is the ruler and arbyter of all things, which of his wisdom hath foresene and determined all things that he will do, and now of his power doeth in his time put the same in executyon, according as he hath decreed with him self. Herein to tarry any longer I need not, for that I think there be none now which be of this opynyon, to attrybute things to fortune, a word vnsemly for Christians.
Secondly, that all things are done by coaction or compulsion, is false and out of gods providence and predestination cannot be gathered or maintained, for there must be a difference put between necessity and cōstreint. All things that have been done, be or shall be, in consideration of gods providence, as it is with god, are of necessity, but yet not of compulsion or cōstraint: As for example you shall see that necessity is one thing and constrainte is another thing. God is good of necessity, but who now will say then that he is so by coaction or enforced thereto? The devil is naught of necessity, but not by coaction. Good men do well of necessity, but not by compulsion. Wicked men do evil of necessity, but not of constraint. A thing y • is done willīgly, is not to be said to be done by constraint. God is good willingly, but not by compulsiō. The devil is naught willingly, but not of enforcing. Good men do good willingly, but not cōstrainedly. Wicked mē do transgress willingly, but not compelled. So y t it is plain, though all things be done of necessity, yet are they not of compulsion and enforcement. By reason whereof, a mā that will be diligent in lookinge hereon, may se matter enough to purge god from being the author of all evil or of any evil: although he be the author of all things and of all actions, which are to be construed according to the will of the doers: and so may we see one Action to be both good & evil in respect of gods will and Satan's will. For in as much as a thing is done according to gods will, the same is good, for his will is good. And in as much as a thing is done according to Satan's will, it is evil because his will is evil.
But now to the third thing, that is, whether gods precepts requiring that which is not in our powers, be frustrate or no, although all things are done of necessity and by gods providence. To the understanding hereof .ii. things are to be considered. First y t we must think of god, not as he is in him self, but as by his word he teacheth us. Secondly, the state of man before his fall is to be compared with the state of man presently, as he is now brought into this world. For the first, although it be most true that to god all things are so certain as before is spoken: yet in that god hath opened to us by his word so much of his will as we should w t diligence search and observe, we may not think otherwise, but that whatsoever is done against that word, y • same is sin & evil in him whosoever he be y • doth there against: although the same transgressiō god doth & can use to serve his providence accordingly. Of which providence we may not otherwise judge, then his word giveth us leave, y • is, we must do nothing to serve it, but as his word teacheth. If Adam had ben ruled hereby, then he had not eaten y • apple: for in that he obeyed not the word of god, which he knew, easily we may perceane, that he did not eat the apple to obey gods providence which he knew not. So that evident it is, Adams fall to be sin and evil, and he him self with the serpent to be y e author thereof, god not allowyng or approuinge the evil. which is to be construed according to the will of the doer, which will in Adam was naught, although the action god turned to serve his prouydence, thereby setting forth his wonderful wisdom, power, & goodness: whereat we ought rather w t reverence to wonder, then by wandering further then besemeth us, to cal into question, why god did so. Which why, no man is able to understand, & therefore we should bid our busy brain sit down, and not to covet again to be like to god as Adam did, and therefore he fell so foul as he did.
For y e second man's state, I mean before his fall, & his state now, thus let us think, namely y t god made mā after his Image, y t is, endued man w t a soul immortal, wise, rightuo{us}, & holy: for y • Image of god is not concerning the body, which man hath common with the beasts of the earth, but it is from abone and of gods brething. So y t Adam transgressing gods precept, did not according as he should and might have done, but according as he should not have done, and might have avoided, if that he had not received the persuasion and counsel of the Serpente. Which god permitted him to do, thereby to declare, that perfect Justice, wisdom and holiness, is not nor cannot be in any creature, which is not god also, and therefore Christ being god was made man, that in man there might be this perfection and justice, which is in Christ our lord, and in Adam we could never have had. Which wisdom of god we shall Ioyefully one day behold, if we will now restrain our busy brain and curiosity, from serching further then we should do. But to return ageine, Adam (I say) being made after gods Image, which he received for us all, to have derived the same unto us all by natural propagation, by transgressing the commandments, lost and mangled so the same Image of god in himself and in us all, that for mortality came death, for wisdom came folishenes, for righteousness came vnrightuousnes, for holiness came corruption, concerning gods Judgment and in gods sight: although there remained in him, concerning man's Judgment and the sight of the world, life, wisdom, righteousness and holiness, y t which all we by propagation do from our mothers womb receive: so that we may well see our state now to be far from the state, we had before Adams fall, and therefore gods law requireth nothing of us but that which was in our nature before the fall, which we se is impossible for us to pay accordingly, and yet god not unjust, in that he asketh of us nothing thereby but the self same thing which he gave us in our creation. The law then and the precepts of god were given after the fall of man, not that man should thereby get life, and the thing which was lost by sin (for the blessed Seed was promised for the recouerig hereof, and to him that partained) but that man by it might know sin, and what he had lost, thereby to desire more deeply the promised seed, by whom as we be received, so our evils be not imputed; and that we being renewed by his holy spirit and new seed, should as new borne babes desire, and by will begin to do the law of god, which after our deliverance fourth of this corrupt body and man of sin by death, we shall without all let fully accomplish, & at the length receive the body, to be spiritual (as Paul saith) and holy, ready to obey and serve the spirit, as an helper rather then an hynderer. Oh happy day when wilt thou appear?
By this which I have already spoken, I think the diligent reader may se, how that there is election of gods children, & how that gods providence stretcheth it self to all things, so that all things in respect there of come of necessity, but yet nothing thereby to be done by constraint and enforcement: wherthroughe god is seen to be the author of all things & yet of no evil or sin.
The state of man before his fall & after, with the cause of gods law & precepts given to man, I have briefly touched. Now it resteth that I should speak something of frewil, what it is, and howe far we may grant that man hath free will.
That this may be understand: as I would have the ende wherefore god gave his law to be considered, namely not for mā to get thereby eternal life which apperteined to y • promised seed, but to show mā what sin is & what by syn he lost, that he might by his vnhabilitie be driven to desier of very necessity, y • promised Mesias, and so by him to receive the spirit, wherethrough being regenerate he might learn to love the law, to take it as a directory & rule to live by, and to hedge in his old man frō controlinge: this gear (I say) as I would have it considered, if we will understand man's frewill, so would I have this marked, namely the difference betwixt the life which we lost & had in our first creation, and now have by birth before regeneration. In our first creation we had a life, not only w t the creatures, but also with god, which life utterly Adā lost, as he declareth by the running away to hyde him self from god. And this he lost for us also, as well as for him self: in respect whereof the scripture calleth us dead. Concerning this life therefore that is with god, we have no will at all, much less any frewil. For how can a dead man have any will? The will therefore we have, is only for this life and with men, that is, it is not good and free but in respect of men: and in this life in respect of god and life with him, all our will is as we are, even dead: yea and the will we have for this present life, if a man will consider the god of this world, and howe we are his slaves by birth and continually till we be regenerate, and how ready our affections are to serve his purpose, I think none will say otherwise but that man's will unregenerate is none otherwise free, then pleaseth his master, who must needs serve spite of his head, our god: and therefore all to be done by gods providence, as I said before, without any imputation of evil to our good and most holy father. Yea but (saith one) what frewill hath man that is regenerate? This will I briefly show when that I have spoken of Justification, y • which precedeth regeneration: from whom we may discern it, but not devide it, no more then heat from the fire.
Justification in scripture is taken for the forgiveness of our sins, & consisteth in the forgiveness of our sins. This is only gods work & we nothing else but patientes & not agents. After this work, in respect of us and our sense, cometh regeneration, which altogether is gods work also. For as to our first birth we bring nothing (bring quoth I? yes we bring to let it, many things but to further it nothing at all) so do we bring nothing that can help to our iustificatiō: as S. Agustine full well saithe: he that made thee without thee, shall he not justify thee without thee? which the papists have perverted, reading it affirmatively, without interregation, as though • we brought something to our justifying: where as it (I mean iustifycation) is a much more excellent work then y • work of our creatiō, and therefore to arrogant are they, which will not give all to god in it, as they do in their creation. Good men sly from that pride, and are content to give no less to god justifying & regenerating them, then they do to their parents for their first generation. Afore we be Iustifyed and regenerated of god, we are altogether dead to god and to all goodness in his sight, & therefore we are altogether patients til god have wrought this his only work, justification & regeneration. Which work in respect of us and our imperfection and falls, in that it is not so full and perfect but it may be more & more, therefore by the spirit of santifycation, which we receive in regeneration as the seed of god, we are quickened to labor with the lord, and to be more justified, that is, by faith & the fruits of faith, to our selves and others to declare the same, and so to increase from virtue to virtue, from glory to glory, hauin • always need to have our feet washed, although we be clean not withstanding.
Now to the question. A man regenerate (which we ought to believe o • our selves, I mean that we are s • by our baptism, the sacrament there of requiring no less faith) a man I say regenerate, that is, borne of god, hath the spirit of god. And as a mā borne of flesh & blood hath the spirit thereof, whereby as he cā stir up him self to do more and more the deeds of the flesh: so the other can by the spirit of god in him, stir up in him self the gifts and graces of god, to glorify god accordinglye. Howbeit hear let us mark, that as the old man is a perpetual enemy to the new borne man: so accordinglye to his strength, the works of the new man are letted and made ineffectual. Therefore god hath taught us to pray, and promised his help, which he commonly in manner giveth by y • cross: whereby y • old man is wekened and the new receiveth strength more and more, d ••• ring a dissolution and an utter destruction of the old man by death, that it might go to god frō whence it came, and to his home evē h • auen, where in the last day it shall receive the old Adam, now so scho • ed, that it will never more be but a moste faithful friend to serve and praise the lord forever more.
Thus have you now, what freewyll the regenerate children of god have, for whose sakes the gospel and sweet free promises are given, and to the regenerate new mā they properly do pertain: As doth the law, with all comminations, and the condicionall promises (I mean promises hanging upon condition on our worthiness) pertain properly to the old and vngenerate man, so that when he kicketh, he must by them be bridled and kept down: when the inward man would be comforted, be must have, not the law nor her cōminations and cōdicional promises, but the gospel and her moste sweet free promises. So shall we walk neither on y • right nor on the left hand, but keep the righte way to heaven ward, even Christ our lord and captain, as his soldiers, servants, and lively members, neither dispa • ring nor carnally living, but fearin • and reioysinge as is appertaining • which God grant for his mercies sake, Amen.
And thus my dearly beloved, I have sent to you brefly my mind here in according to your desire. Because I have had little time and many other lets, I shall hertely pray you to take this in good part, & with the more indifferency and attention to read it, for my desire was to writ fully and speedily, therefore it perchance hath the more obscurity and desireth a frendely reader, construinge all to the best, and brotherlye admonyshynge where cause may appear.
A BREIFE SVMME OF THE doctrine of electon and predestination.
G Ods fore sight is not y • cause of sin or excusable necessity, to him that sinneth. The damned therefore have not nor shall have any excuse because god foreseing their condemnatiō through their own sin, did not draw them as he doth his elect, unto Christ. But as the elect have cause to thank god forever for his great mercies in Christ: so the other have cause to lamente their own willfulness, sin and contemning of christ, which is the cause of their reprobatiō, & wherein we should loke upon reprobation: as the only goodness of god in Christ is the cause of our election and saluatiō, wherein we should loke upon gods election. He that will loke upon god or anything in god▪ simply and barely as it is in god, the same shall be stark blind. Who can see godes goodness as it is in god? Who can see his Justice as it is in him? If therefore thou wilt loke upon his goodness, not only loke upon his works, but also upon his word: even so if thou wilt loke upon his justice do the like. Then shalt y • see that election is not to be looked on but in christ, nor reprobation but in sin. When the second cause is sufficient, should not we think that they are to curious y • will run to search the first cause, further then god doth give them leave by his word? The which first cause, because they cannot comprehend, therefore do they deny it. God be merciful unto us for his names sake, & give us to love & live his truth, to seek peace & pursue it. Because god of his goodness, for the comfort of his childrē, and certainty of their salvation, doth open unto them some thing the first cause of their salvation, that is, his goodness before the beginning of the world, to be looked upon in Christ, a man may not therefore be so bold as to wade so in condempnation further then god reueileth it. And for as much as he hath not revealed it but in sin, therefore let us not loke on it otherwise. Seke to be delivered frō sin and fear not reprobation: but if thou wilt not, thou shalt find no excuse in the last day. Say not but thou art warned.
Printed at London by Rouland Hall, dwelling in gutter lane at the sign of the half Egle and Key. 1562.
Faultes escaped in the printing.
- In A. the 7 leaf second side. 19. line, for thou lovest, read thou louedst.
- C. 3 leaf, seconde side. 13 line, for is read are.
- C. 6 leaf second side. 10 line, for thy rede they. And in the 15 line, for malicousnes read malicioiusness.
- D. 3 leaf, seconde side. 4. line, for daube read dress.
- D. 6 leaf seconde side. 25 line, for swing read swynge.
- E. 2 leaf first side. 8 line, for afflection read affliction, and in the. 15. line, for was, read wast.
- E. 3 leaf second side. 12 line, for dispraier, read despair.
- F. 3 leaf, second side. 6 line, for helps, read helpless.
- F. 4 leaf second side. 14 line, for thy wilt, read the will.
- G. 6 leaf first side. 12. line for diddest give, read hast given.
- G. 7 leaf first side. 9 line, for faithful, read fatherly.
- I. 7 leaf first side. 6 line, for profession read perfection.
- I. 8 leaf seconde side. 26 line, for me, read my.
A PRAIER FOR THE faithful afflicted in France for the gospel.
O Merciful father, who never doest sorsake such as put their trust in thee: stretch forth thy mighty arm to the defense of our brethrē and neighbors in France, who in their extreme necessity cry for comfort unto thee: prevent the cruel devise of Aman, stay the rage of Holophernes, break of the counsel of Achitophel, Let not the wicked say, where is now their god? Let thy afflicted flock feel present aid & relief frō thee (oh lord): loke down up on them with thy pitiful eye from thy holy habitation: send terror and trembling among their enemies: make an ende of their outrageous tyranny: beat back their boldness in suppressing thy truth, in destroying thy true servants, in defacing thy glory, and in setting up Antichrist. Let them not thus proudly advance themselves against thee and against thy Christ, but let them understand and feel that against thee they fight. Preserue & defend the vine which thy right hand hath planted, and let all nations see the glory of thine anointed, Amen.