Britains Mercies and Britains Duty Represented
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The source of this document is the Early English Books Online (EEBO-TCP) website. Those books were transcribed in a character for character manner and can be very cumbersome to read since there was no standard spelling during that time. Many spelling variations such as "unlesse", "vnlesse", and "vnles" regularly appear.
This project was conceived to clean up those books as much as possible and make them more accessible to the interested reader, leading to the creation of a massive list of variant spellings and their corrections. This was used to clean up the text, but is of course only as complete as the list itself. Because of the nature of the original transcription, some words have missing characters or places where the original language (e.g., Greek) was not transcribed. This effort does not change that. Be aware that the original transcription can also be faulty and in some cases entire sentences may be missing.
Although this is no substitute for a properly compared, proofed, and scholarly edition, I believe that the result is a document which is far more accessible, particularly for searching for terms using standard spelling. The document has been cleaned and presented in what I hope is a pleasing and useful format for the vast majority of Christian brothers and sisters who just want access to read these spiritually nourishing works.
However, a word of warning: The Puritans were a very diverse group of people and their age was characterized with godliness, but also much upheaval, disputation and strife. They disagreed on many doctrines and some of these works contain less orthodox or Scriptural views than others. The reader is strongly advised to read with discernment, particularly if it is unknown whether author is trustworthy.
This project took a huge amount of time and skill to bring to fruition. I would particularly like to thank David Jonescue for the initial list of Puritans he found on EEBO and the concept behind this project as well as the continuous, unceasing efforts toward seeing this complete. Without his labor, this would not be available. Alex Sarrouf was invaluable in providing the initial list of over 7,000 spelling variations he had identified and corrected, as well as continuing to review more than 16,000 additions to that list for any typos.
Logan West
(with David Jonescue and Alex Sarrouf)
www.puritansearch.org
BRITAIN's Mercies, AND BRITAIN's Duty, REPRESENTED IN A SERMON PREACH'D at the NEW-BUILDING IN PHILADELPHIA, On SUNDAY August 24, 1746. OCCASION'D by the SUPPRESSION of the late Unnatural Rebellion .
By George Whitefield , A. B. Late of Pembroke College, OXON.
PHILADELPHIA: Printed and Sold by W. BRADFORD, at the BIBLE in Second-street , MDCCXLVI.
PSALM CV. 45.
That they might observe His Statutes and keep His Laws.
_MEN, Brethren and Fathers, and all ye to whom I am about to preach the Kingdom of GOD, —I suppose you need not be informed, that being indispensably obliged to be absent on your late THANKSGIVING-DAY, I could not show my Obedience to the Governor's Proclamation, as my own Inclination led me, or as might justly be expected from, and demanded of me—But as the Occasion of that Day's Thanksgiving is yet, and I trust ever will be, fresh in our Memory, I cannot think that a Discourse on that Subject can even now be altogether unseasonable.—I take it for granted further, that you need not be informed, that among the various Motives which are generally urged to enforce Obedience to the divine Commands, that of Love is the most powerful and cogent.—The Terrors of the Law may afright and awe, but Love dissolves and melts the Heart.—The Love of CHRIST, says the great Apostle of the Gentiles, constraineth us.—Nay, Love is so absolutely necessary for those that name the Name of CHRIST, that without it, their Obedience cannot truly be styled Evangelical , or be acceptable in the Sight of God— Although , says the same Apostle, I bestow all my Goods to feed the Poor, and though I give my Body to be burnt , and have not CHARITY, ( i. e. unless unfeigned Love to GOD, and to Mankind for His great Name's sake, be the Principle of such Actions) howsoever it may benefit others, it profiteth ME nothing —This is the constant Language of the lively Oracles of GOD—And, from them it is equally plain, that nothing has a greater Tendency to beget and excite such an obediential Love in us, than a serious and frequent Consideration of the manifold Mercies we receive Time after Time from the Hands of our heavenly Father—The Royal Psalmist , who had the Honor of being styled, the Man after GOD's own Heart , had an abundant Experience of this.—Hence it is, that whilst he is musing on the divine Goodness, the Fire of divine Love kindles in his Soul; and, out of the Abundance of his Heart, his Mouth speaketh such grateful and extatick Language as this—
To run through all the Particulars of the Psalm , or draw a Parallel (which might with great ease and justice be done) between God's dealings with us and the Israelites of old—To enumerate all the national Mercies bestowed upon, and remarkable Deliverances wrought out for the Kingdoms of Great-Britain , from the Infant State of WILLIAM the Conqueror, to their present Manhood, and more than Augustan Maturity, under the auspicious Reign of our dread and rightful Sovereign KING GEORGE the Second; howsoever pleasing and profitable it might be at any other time, would, at this Juncture, prove, if not an irksome, yet an unseasonable Undertaking.——
The Occasion of the late Solemnity, I mean the Suppression of a most horrid and unnatural Rebellion , will afford more than sufficient Matter for a Discourse of this Nature, and furnish us with abundant Motives to love and obey that glorious Jehovah, who giveth SALVATION unto KINGS, and delivers His People from the hurtful Sword .
Need I make an Apology, before this Auditory, if, in order to see the Greatness of our late Deliverance, I should remind you of the many unspeakable Blessings which we have for a Course of Years enjoyed, during the Reign of His present MAJESTY, and the gentle mild Administration under which we live?—Without justly incurring the Censure of giving flattering Titles I believe all who have Eyes to see, and Ears to hear, and are but a little acquainted with our public Affairs, must acknowledge, that we have one of the best of KINGS.—It is now above Nineteen Years since he began to reign over Us—And yet, was he to be seated on a Royal Throne, and were all his Subjects placed before him. Was he to address them as Samuel once addressed the Israelites ,
But, alas! how soon would this happy Scene have shifted, and a melancholy gloomy Prospect have succeeded in its room, had the Rebels gained their Point, and a Popish abjured Pretender been forced upon the British Throne!—For, supposing his Birth not to be spurious , (as we have great Reason to think it really was) what could we expect from one, descended from a Father, who, when Duke of York , put all Scotland into Confusion, and afterwards, when crowned KING of England , for his Arbitrary and tyrannical Government both in Church and State, was justly obliged to abdicate the Throne, by the Assertors of British Liberty? Or, supposing the horrid Plot first hatched in Hell, and afterwards nursed at Rome , had taken Place; supposing, I say, the old Pretender should have exchanged his Cardinal's Cap for a Triple Crown , and have transferred his pretended Title (as it is reported he has done) to his Eldest Son , what was all this for, but that, by being advanced to the Popedom , he might rule both Son and Subjects with less control, and, by their united Interest, keep the three Kingdoms of England, Scotland and Ireland , in greater Vassalage to the See of Rome? Ever since this unnatural Rebellion broke out, I have looked upon the young Pretender as the Phaeton of the present Age.—He is ambitiously and presumptuously aiming to seat himself in the Throne of our rightful Sovereign KING GEORGE, which he is no more capable of maintaining than PHAETON was to guide the Chariot of the Sun ; and had he succeeded in his Attempt, like him, would only have set the World on Fire.—It is true, to do him Justice, he has deserved well of the Church of Rome , and, in all probability, will hereafter be canonized amongst the noble Order of their fictitious Saints —But, with what an Iron Rod we might expect to have been bruized, had his Troops been Victorious, may easily be imagined from those cruel Orders, found in the Pockets of some of his Officers, "Give no Quarter to the Elector 's Troops ."—Add to this, that there was great Reason to suspect, that, upon the first News of the Success of the Rebels, a general Massacre was intended—So that if the Lord had not been on our side, Great-Britain , not to say America , would, in a few Weeks, or Months, have been an Accidama , a Field of Blood .—Besides, was a Popish Pretender to rule over us, instead of being represented by a free Parliament , and governed by Laws made by their Consent , as we now are, we should shortly have had only the Shadow of one, and, it may be, no Parliament at all.—This is the native Product of a Popish Government , and what the unhappy Family, from which this YOUNG ADVENTURER pretends to be descended, has always aimed at.—Arbitrary Principles he has sucked in with his Mother's Milk; and if he had been so honest, instead of that immature Motto upon his Standard, Tandem triumphans , only to have put, Stet pro Ration Voluntas , he had given us a short, but true, Portraiture of the Nature of his intended, but, blessed be GOD, now defeated Reign.—And, why should I mention, that the Loss of the national Debt , and the Dissolution of the present happy Union between the two Kingdoms, would have been the immediate Consequences of his Success, as he himself declares in his second Manifesto, dated from Holyrood House ? These are Evils, and great ones too; but then they are only Evils of a temporary Nature—They chiefly concern the Body, and must necessarily terminate in the Grave— But, alas! What an Inundation of spiritual Mischiefs would soon have overflowed the Church , and what unspeakable Danger should we and our Posterity have been reduced to in respect to our better Parts , our precious and immortal Souls? How soon would whole swarms of Monks, Dominicans and Friars , like so many Locusts , have overspread and plagued the Nation?—With what winged speed would foreign titular Bishops have posted over in order to take Possession of their respective Sees?—How quickly would our Universities have been filled with Youths who have been sent abroad by their Popish Parents , in order to drink in all the Superstitions of the Church of Rome ?—What a speedy Period would have been put to Societies of all Kinds, for promoting Christian Knowledge , and propagating the Gospel in foreign Parts? How soon would our Pulpits have everywhere been filled with those old antichristian Doctrines, Freewill, Meriting by Works, Transubstantiation, Purgatory, Works of Supererogation, Passive Obedience, Non-resistance , and all the other Abominations of the Whore of Babylon ?—How soon would our Protestant Charity-Schools in England, Scotland and Ireland , have been pulled down, our BIBLES forcibly taken from us, and Ignorance everywhere set up as the Mother of Devotion ?—How soon should we have been deprived of that invaluable Blessing, LIBERTY OF CONSCIENCE, and been obliged to commence (what they falsely call) Catholics , or submit to all the Tortures which a biggotted Zeal , guided by the most cruel Principles , could possibly invent?—How soon would that Mother of Harlots have made herself once more drunk with the Blood of the Saints, and the whole Tribe even of Free-thinkers themselves, been brought to this Dilemma , either to die Martyrs for, (though' I never yet heard of one that did so) or, contrary to all their most avowed Principles, renounce their great Diana , unassisted, unenlightened Reason?—But I must have done,—lest while I am speaking against Antichrist , I should unawares fall myself, and lead my Hearers into an antichristian Spirit.— True and undefiled Religion will regulate our Zeal, and teach us to treat even the Man of Sin , with no harsher Language than that which the Angel gave his grand employer Satan, The Lord rebuke thee .
Glory be to His great NAME, the LORD has rebuked him, and that too at a Time when we had little reason to expect such a BLESSING at GOD's Hands.—My dear Hearers , neither the present Frame of my Heart, nor the Occasion of your late solemn Meeting, lead me to give you a Detail of our Public Vices —Tho' alas! they are so many, so notorious, and withal of such a Crimson-die, that a Gospel Minister would not be altogether inexcusable , was he, even on such a joyful Occasion, to lift up his Voice like a Trumpet, to show the British Nation their Transgression, and the People of America their Sin .—However, though' I would not cast a dismal Shade upon the pleasing Picture the Cause of our late rejoicings set before us; yet thus much may , and ought to be said, viz. that, as GOD has not dealt so bountifully with any People as with us, so no Nation under Heaven has dealt more ungratefully with Him.—We have been, like Capernaum , lifted up to Heaven in Privileges, and, for the Abuse of them, like her, have deserved to be thrust down into Hell.—How well soever it may be with us, in respect to our civil and ecclesiastic Constitution, yet, in regard to our Morals, Isaiah 's Description of the Jewish Polity is too too applicable,
This to me does not seem to be one of the most unfavourable Circumstances, which have attended this MIGHTY DELIVERANCE; nor do I think you will look upon it as altogether unworthy Your Observation— Had this Cockatrice indeed been crushed in the Egg, and the Young Pretender driven back upon his first Arrival, it would undoubtedly have been a great Blessing.—But not so great as that for which you lately assembled to give GOD THANKS: For then His MAJESTY would not have had so good an Opportunity of knowing his Enemies, or trying his Friends.—The British Subjects would, in a Manner, have lost the fairest Occasion that ever offered to express their Loyalty and Gratitude to their RIGHTFUL SOVEREIGN.— France would not have been so greatly humbled ; nor such an effectual Stop have been put, as we trust there now is, to any such further Popish Plot , to rob us of all that is near and dear to us.— Out of the Eater therefore hath come forth Meat, and out of the Strong hath come forth Sweetness .—The Pretender 's Eldest Son is suffered not only to land in the North-West Highlands in Scotland , but in a little while to become a great Band .—This for a Time is not believed, but treated as a Thing altogether incredible.—The Friends of the Government in those Parts, not for want of Loyalty , but of sufficient Authority to take up Arms, could not resist him—He is permitted to pass on with his terrible Banditti, and, like the Comet that was lately seen (a Presage it may be of this very Thing) spreads his baleful Influences all around him.—He is likewise permitted to gain a short lived Triumph by a Victory over a Body of our Troops at Preston-Pans , and to take a temporary Possession of the Metropolis of Scotland .—Of this he makes his Boast, and informs the Public (they are his own Words) that
The Time, Nature , and Instrument of this Victory deserve our Notice.—It was on a general FAST-DAY, when the Clergy and good Peo-of Scotland were lamenting the Disloyalty of their perfidious Countrymen, and like Moses lifting up their Hands, that Amalek might not prevail—The Victory was total and decisive— Little Blood was spilled on the Side of the Royalists—And to crown all, DUKE WILLIAM, His MAJESTY's YOUNGEST SON, has the Honor of first driving back, and then defeating the Rebel Army—A PRINCE, who in his Infancy and Nonage, gave early Proofs of an uncommon Bravery , and Nobleness of Mind.—A PRINCE, whose Courage has increased with his Years; who returned Wounded from the Battle of Dettingen , behaved with surprizing Bravery at Fontenoy , and now, by a Conduct and Magnanimity becoming the high Office he sustains, like his glorious Predecessor the Prince of Orange , has once more delivered three Kingdoms from the Dread of Popish Cruelty, and arbitrary Power—What renders it still more remarkable is this—The Day on which His Highness gained this Victory was the Day after his BIRTH-DAY, when he was entering on the Twenty Sixth Year of his Age;—And when Sullivan , one of the Pretender's Privy Council, like another Ahithophel , advised the Rebels to give our Soldiers Battle, presuming they were surfeited and overcharged with their Yesterday's Rejoycings, and consequently unfit to make any great Stand against them—But Glory be to GOD, who catches the Wise in their own Craftiness! His Counsel , like Ahithophel 's, proves abortive—Both General and Soldiers were prepared to meet them—God taught their Hands to war, and their Fingers to fight , and brought the DUKE, after a bloody and deserved Slaughter of some thousands of the Rebels, with most of his brave Soldiers, victorious from the field.
Were we to take a distinct view of this notable Transaction, and trace it in all the particular Circumstances that have attended it, I believe we must with one Heart and Voice confess, that if it be a Mercy for a State to be delivered from a worse than a Catiline 's Conspiracy; or a Church to be rescued from a hotter than a Dioclesian Persecution—If it be a Mercy to be delivered from a Religion that turns Plow-shares into Swords and Pruning-Hooks into Spears, and makes it meritorious to shed Protestant Blood—If it be a Mercy to have all our present invaluable Privileges, both in Church and State, secured to us more than ever—If it be a Mercy to have these GREAT THINGS done for us at a Season when, for our crying Sins both Church and State justly deserved to be overturned;—And if it be a Mercy to have all this brought about for us, under GOD, by one of the BLOOD ROYAL, a Prince acting with an Experience far above his Years.—If any or all of these are Mercies , then have you lately commemorated one of the greatest Mercies that ever the glorious GOD vouchsafed the British Nation.—
And shall we not REJOYCE and give THANKS? Should we refuse, would not the Stones cry out against us?— Rejoice then we may and ought: But, Oh! let our Rejoicing be in the LORD, and run in a religious Channel. This we find has been the Practice of GOD's People in all Ages.—When he was pleased, with a mighty Hand and outstretched Arm to lead the Israelites through the Red Sea , as on dry Ground.
And shall we forget, on such an Occasion, to express our Gratitude to, and make honorable mention of, those Worthies , who have signaliz'd themselves, and been ready to sacrifice both Lives and Fortunes at this critical Juncture?— This would be to act the Part of those ungrateful Israelites , who are branded in the Book of GOD, for not showing Kindness
But, after all, is there not an infinitely greater Debt of Gratitude and Praise due from us , on this Occasion , to him that is Higher than the Highest, even the KING of KINGS and LORD of LORD'S, the Blessed and only POTENTATE? Is it not his Arm, his strong and mighty Arm, (what Instruments soever may have been made use of) that hath brought us THIS Salvation? And may I not therefore address you, in the exulting Language of the Beginning of this Psalm , from which we have taken our Text?
But shall we put off our good and gracious Benefactor, with a mere Lip-Service? GOD forbid. —Your worthy GOVERNOR has honored GOD in his late excellent Proclamation , and GOD will honor him—But shall our Thanks terminate with the Day?—No, in no wise—Our Text reminds us of a more noble Sacrifice , and points out to us the great End the Almighty JEHOVAH proposes, in bestowing such signal Favors upon a People, viz. That they should observe his Statutes and keep his Laws ......
This is the Return we are all taught to pray that we may make to the most High GOD, the Father of Mercies, in the daily Office of our Church, viz.
And, why should we not observe GOD's Statutes and keep his Laws? —Dare any say that any of his Commands are grievous?—Is not CHRIST's Yoak, to a renewed Soul, as far as renewed, easy ; and his Burden comparatively light? —May I not appeal to the most refined Reasoner , whether the Religion of JESUS CHRIST be not a social Religion?—Whether the moral Law , as explained by the Lord JESUS in the Gospel, has not a natural Tendency to promote the present Good and Happiness of a whole Common-Wealth, supposing they were obedient to 〈◊〉 , as well as the Happiness of every individual?—From whence come Wars and Fightings amongst us? From what Fountain do all those Evils, which the present and past Ages have groaned under, flow, but from a Neglect of the Laws and Statutes of our great and all-wise Law-giver JESUS of Nazareth? —Tell me, ye Men of Letters, whether Lycurgus or Solon, Pythagoras or Plato, Aristotle, Seneca, Cicero , or all the ancient Law-givers and Heathen Moralists, put them altogether, ever published a System of Ethics , any way worthy to be compared with the glorious System laid down in that much despised Book, (to use Sir Richard Steele 's Expression) emphatically called the Scriptures? Is not the Divine Image, and Superscription written upon every Precept of the Gospel? Do they not shine with a native intrinsic Luster? And, though' many Things in them are above , yet, is there anything contrary to the strictest Laws of right Reason?—Is not JESUS CHRIST, in Scripture, styled the Word, the 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 the Reason? And is not his Service justly styled 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 a reasonable Service ?—What if there be Mysteries in his Religion?—Are they not without all Controversy great and glorious?—Are they not Mysteries of Godliness, and worthy that GOD who reveals them?—Nay, is it not the greatest Mystery that Men who pretend to Reason, and call themselves Philosophers , who search into the Arcana Naturae , and consequently find a Mystery in every Blade of Grass, should yet be so irrational as to decry all Mysteries in Religion?— Where is the Scribe ? Where is the Wise ? Where is the Disputer against the Christian Revelation? —Does not everything without and within us conspire to prove its divine Original? And would not Self-Interest, if there was no other Motive, excite us to observe GOD's Statutes and keep his Laws?
Besides, considered as a Protestant People, do we not lie under the greatest Obligations of any Nation under Heaven, to pay a cheerful, unanimous, universal, persevering OBEDIENCE to the ••• ine Commands?
The wonderful and surprizing Manner of GOD's bringing about a Reformation, in the Reign of King HENRY the Eighth —His carrying it on in the blessed Reign of King EDWARD the Sixth — His delivering us out of the Bloody Hands of Queen Mary , and destroying the Spanish invincible Armada , under her immediate Protestant Successor Queen ELIZABETH—His Discovery of the Popish Plot under King JAMES—The glorious Revolution by King WILLIAM—And, to come nearer to our own Times, His driving away four Thousand five Hundred Spaniards , from a weak (though' important) Frontier Colony , when they had, in a Manner, actually taken Possession of it.—His giving us Louisbourg , one of the strengest Fortresses of our Enemies, contrary to all human Probability, but the other Day, into our Hands, (Which may encourage our Hopes of Success , supposing it carried on in a like Spirit , in our intended Canada Expedition )—These, I say, with the Victory which you have lately been commemorating , are such national Mercies , not to mention anymore, as will render us utterly inexcusable , if they do not produce a national Reformation , and incite us all, with one Heart, to observe God's Statutes, and keep his Laws .
Need I remind you further, in order to excite in you a greater Diligence to comply with the Intent of the Text, that though' the Storm, in a great Measure is abated by his Royal Highness's late Success , yet we dare not say, it is altogether blown over?
The Clouds may again return after the Rain; and the few surviving Rebels (which I pray God avert) may yet be suffered to make Head against us —We are still engaged in a bloody , and in all probability, a tedious War, with two of the most inveterate Enemies to the Interests of Great-Britain —And, though' I cannot help thinking, that their present Intentions are so Iniquitous , their Conduct so perfidious , and their Schemes so directly derogatory to the Honor of the most High God , that He will certainly Humble them in the End ; yet, as all Things , in this Life, happen alike to all , they may for a Time be dreadful Instruments of scourging us— If not, God has other Arrows in his Quiver to smite us with, besides the French King , his Catholic Majesty , or an abjured Pretender .—Not only the Sword , but Plague, Pestilence and Famine are under the divine Command—Who knows, but he may say to them all, Pass through these Lands? —A fatal Murram has lately swept away abundance of Cattle at Home and abroad—A like epidemical Disease may have a Commission to seize our Persons as well as our Beasts— Thus GOD dealt with the Egyptians — Who dare say, He will not deal in the same Manner with us?—Has he not already given some Symptoms of it?—What great Numbers upon the Continent have been lately taken off by the Bloody-Flux, Small-Pox , and Yellow Fever? Who can tell what further Judgments are yet in Store? However this is certain , the Rod is yet hanging over us;— And, I believe it will be granted, on all sides, that if such various Dispensations of Mercy and Judgment, do not teach the Inhabitants of any Land to learn Righteousness , they will only ripen them for a greater Ruin— Give me leave, therefore, to dismiss you at this Time with that solemn awful Warning and Exhortation with which the Prophet Samuel , on a Public Occasion, took leave of the People of Israel .