Annotations on the Pentateuch - Psalms - Song of Songs

Annotations.

IVstice] that is, my justice, as the Greek explaineth it, my just cause and complaint. The Chaldee saith, [unspec 1] accept Lord my prayer in justice. shrill cry] or showting, that is, loud complaint: See Psalm. 5. 12. without lips] or, not with lips of deceit, that is, which prayer is unfeigned, not uttered with guile.

Vers. 2. come forth] or proceed, that is, let my judgment be clearly pronounced and executed. Therefore [unspec 2] in Hos. 6. 5. he addeth the similitude of the light or Sun. righteousnesses] or equities: this is all righteous causes and persons, or my most righteous cause.

Vers. 3. hast tried] or, examined me, to wit, as metal in the fire: So Psal. 66. 10. hast not found] [unspec 3] or shalt not at all find, to wit, any dross, or deceit, or, as the Chaldee addeth, corruption. The Greek translateth, iniquity was not found in me. shall not transgress] or, transgresseth not, that is, I purposed not to transgress with my mouth, by murmuring against thy fiery trial of me; or, that which I purposed, my mouth transgresseth not, but my thoughts and words agree. The Chaldee thus, I have thought evil, it hath not passed my mouth.

Vers. 4. For the works] or concerning the works of men: Adam is here used for all earthly men. [unspec 4] have observed] or taken heed of, to wit, lest they should heart me, or, that I should not walk in them, as the next verse showeth: otherwise, sometime to observe ways, is to walk in them, Psalm. 18. 22. the breaker thorough] that is, the robber or thief, as this word is expounded in Greek, Mat. 21. 13. from Ier. 7. 11. one that breaketh bounds or limits, houses, hedges, laws, &c. So Ezek. 18. 10.

Vers. 5. Sustaine] Hold up, or contain; this is spoken prayer wise to God, as the next verse manifesteth: [unspec 5] The Greek turneth it, Make perfect. It may also be read, Sustaining, or To sustain; and so have reference to the former verse, I observed the robbers paths, not to walk in them, but to sustain (or sustaining, holding fast) my steps in thy paths. The Hebrew Tamoch may be Englished Sustaine thou; as Zachor is remember thou, Exod. 20. 8. Shamor, observe thou, Deut. 5. 12. Haloc, is Go thou, 2 Sam. 24. 12. for which in 1 Chron. 21. 10. is written Lec, Go thou. my steps] or, my steppings forward, my right-forth steps. So Psal. 37. 31. and 40. 3. beaten paths] or round paths; properly the word signifieth paths beaten with wagon wheels; here used generally for strait, direct, and beaten ways. So Psal. 23. 3. and 65. 12. and 140. 6.

Vers. 7. marvelously separate] or make marvelous, [unspec 7] that is, in wondrous and excellent sort show me thy mercies, which are common unto all, let them now peculiarly be bestowed on me. See Psal. 4. 4. The Greek saith, Make marvelous. When Christ cometh, he will be made marvelous in them that believe, 2 Thess. 1. 10. hope for safety] or, trust, to wit, in thee, as the Greek explaineth it, or in thy right hand, as is after expressed. God is Savior of all men, specially of them that believe, 1 Tim. 4. 10. with thy right hand] this seemeth to have reference to the first, O Savior (or thou which savest) with thy right hand; as Psal. 138. 7. and 60. 7. It may also be referred to the second, them that hope in thy right hand; or to the last, them that raise up themselves against thy right hand: And thus the Greek turneth it. But the Chaldee otherwise, Avenge them on those which rise up against them, with thy right hand.

Vers. 8. the black] that is, the sight in the midst [unspec 8] of the eye, wherein appeareth the resemblance of a little man; and thereupon seemeth to be called in Hebrew, Ishon, of Ish, which is a man. And as that part is blackish; so this word is also used for other black things, as the blackness of the night, Prov. 7. 9. and blackness of darkness, Prov. 20. 20. of the apple] so we call that which the Hebrew here calleth bath; and in Zach. 2. 8. babath, that is, the little image appearing in the eye, as before is noted. The word bath also signifieth a daughter, whereto the Greek coree doth agree. By this is meant the tender care of God for his people: and David here useth both words for more vehemency; whereas else-where one of them only is used, Isho • , the black, in Deut. 32. 10. Prov. 7. 2. babath and bath, the apple, in Zach. 2. 8. Lam. 2. 18. hide thou me] Heb. thou shalt hide, or, keep me secret. It is the property of the Hebrew tongue, often to set down a prayer in this form, especially in the end of a sentence, as noting some assurance to have the request fulfilled. So in Psal. 54. 3. and 59. 2. and 64. 2. Job 6. 23. and 21. 3. and 40. 5. See also the note on Psal. 10. 17.

Vers. 9. from faces] or because of the wicked. See [unspec 9] Psal. 3. 1. enemies in soul] or, for the soul; meaning deadly enemies, that seek the soul or life. See Psal. 35 4. The Chaldee expoundeth it, in the will (or desire) of their soul.

Vers. 10. They have closed up] to wit, their face [unspec 10] or body; (much like that speech in Job 15. 27. he hath covered his face with his fatness,) or their fat they close up, meaning that they pamper and harden themselves. in pride] that is, proudly or haughtily.

Vers. 11. In our steps] or in our going, that is, [unspec 11] wheresoever we go, they trace our footing, they composse me and us: the Hebrew hath both these readings, meaning David, with his company. they set] to wit, upon us. bending down] to wit, themselves, that they be not espied: as Psal. 10. 10. or to bend down, to wit, us, to overshrow us, or to set down their nets and snares.

Vers. 12. His likeness] that is, the likeness (or [unspec 12] • iew) of everyone of them; or he may mean someone principal, as Saul.

Vers. 13. prevent his face] that is, first come to help me, and suddenly and unlookt for come upon him, [unspec 13] and disappoint him. with thy sword] that is, thy judgment and vengeance, for all means of destruction are the Lord's sword, Isa. 66. 16. and 27. 1. Ier. 47. 6. Zeph. 2. 12. The Chaldee expoundeth it, the wicked which deserveth to be killed with thy sword; or understand, which wicked man is thy sword, as Asshur is called the rod of his wrath, Isaiah 10. 5. and so in the verse following, from mortal men, which are thy hand; or with thy hand, that is, thy judgment or plagne, for so God's hand often signifieth, Exod. 7. 4. Act. 13. 11.

Vers. 14. of the transitory world] that is, worldlings, [unspec 14] as they of the city are citizens, Psalm. 72. 16. The word Cheled is used also for the short time of man's age and durance, Psal. 39. 6. and 89. 48. Here and in Psal. 49. 2. it is the world, named of the transitorinesse, for the fashion of this world passeth away, 1 Cor. 7. 31. in this life] according to Abraham's speech, Son remember that thou in thy life time receivedst thy good things, Luke 16. 25. Of the wicked's prosperity here, see Job 21. 78. &c. the sons] to wit, of those worldlings, meaning that both they and their children have their fill. Or, satisfied are they with sons, as in Job 21. 11. they send forth their children like a flock. their overplus,] the residue of their store, or their excellency. For this word Iether is used sometime for overplus in quantity, Exod. 23. 11. 1 King. 11. 41. sometime it noteth also the excellency or dignity, Gen. 49. 3.

Vers. 15. in justice] meaning in the justice (or [unspec 15] righteousness) which is of God by faith in Christ, as Phil. 3. 9. View thy face] that is, enjoy thy comfortable favor, as Psal. 4. 7. and 16. 11. or shall see and know thee plainly and perfectly, as 1 Cor. 13. 12. 2 Cor. 3. 18. 1 John. 3. 2. when I awake] to wit, out of the dust of the earth, from the sleep of death; as Isaiah 26. 19. with thy image] to wit, I shall be satisfied with it; so meaning by image, God's glory, or, with thy image; that is, having it upon me: for, as we have borne the image of the earthly man, so shall we bear the image of the heavenly, 1 Cor. 15. 49. Compare herewith Psal. 73. 20. The Hebrew Doctors expound this in justice, to be meant of the garden of Eden (the heavenly Paradise,) called justice, and that in the world to come, which is after the raising of the dead to life: it is in the light stored up, called the Image; and this is that (in Psal. 17.) I shall be satisfied, when I awake, with thine Image, saith R. Menachem on Deut. 4. But the same Rabbi on Levite. 10. giveth a better exposition of this word justice, saying, For there is no coming before the most high and blessed King, without the Shekhinah, (that is, the divine Majesty of God in Christ,) to signify which thing (it is said) I in justice shall view thy face.

Annotations.

THe servant of Jehovah] So he intituleth him-self [unspec 1] here, and in Psal. 36. 1. for his service in administering the kingdom. This song is also written in 2 Sam. 22. with some little change of a few words which shall be observed. hand of Saul] which noteth the power of the King, above that which is noted by the hand or palm of other enemies: yet for this word hand, in 2 Sam. 22. 1. is used palm: the Chaldee expoundeth it, the sword of Saul.

Vers. 2. I will dearly love] or, I love heartily with [unspec 2] my inmost bowels. The original word is in this place for entire love; but otherwhere is often used for tender mercy, or bowels of compassion, Psal. 25. 6. and 102. 14. and 103. 13. This verse is added here, more than in 1 Sam. 22.

Vers. 3. fortress] or, munition, a place or hold to [unspec 3] flee unto, when one is hunted and chased. See Ps. 31. 3. rock] Two names of a Rock are in this verse; the first Selangh, a firm stony Rock or cliffe; the latter, Tsur, a strong or sharp rock, and is often the title of God himself, and turned in Greek, Theos, that is, God, as in the 32 and 47 verses of this Psalm, Deut. 32. 4. 18. 30, 31. Psal. 71. 3. and in many other places. horn of my salvation] that is, the horn that saveth me. A horn signifieth power and glory, Psal. 92. 11. Amos 6. 13. Hab. 3. 4. therefore horns are used to signify Kings, Dan▪ 8. 〈◊〉 . R • v • 7. 12. And Christ is called the horn of salvation, Luke 1. 69. high defense] or tower, 〈…〉 ▪ See Psal. 9. 10. In 2. Sa • . 2 • . 〈◊〉 ▪ there is added more, and my ref • ge▪ my Savior from violent wrong 〈◊〉 savest 〈◊〉 .

Vers. 4. P •• ifed] that is, glorious, excellent praise 〈…〉 ▪ and accordingly for his 〈◊〉 usually [unspec 4] 〈◊〉 of his people. So Psal. 48. 〈◊〉 . The Chaldee 〈…〉 death it, with a praise (o • Hy • ne) I prayed before the Lord. And the Greek, praising I will call upon the Lord.

Vers. 5. the pangs] pains, throws▪ sorrows, as of a woman in childbirth; so the original word signifieth, [unspec 5] Hos. 13. 13. Isaiah 13. 8. and 66. 7. and so the Chaldee explaineth it, Anguish compassed me as of a woman which sit •• th in the birth, and hath no strength to bring forth, and she is in danger of death. Or, The • ands, the 〈◊〉 : (as the word also signifieth, Job 36. 8. Prov. 5. 22.) For this in 〈◊〉 Sam. 22. 5. another word is used, that signifieth breaches; which also is applied to the breaking forth of children at the birth, H • s. 13. 13. E •• ▪ 37. 3. and to the 〈◊〉 of the sea, Psal. 42. 8. streams] or brooks, bournes. The original word Nachal is used as our English bourne, both for a brook or stream running in a valley, and for the valley it self, 1 Kings 17▪ 3, 4. Waters do often figure out afflictions, Psal. 69. 2. 3. • ournes or stre •••• of waters, mean vehement and violent afflictions, Psal. 124. 4. Ier. 47. 2. Belial] or 〈◊〉 . The Hebrew Bel 〈…〉 (which the Apostle in Greek calleth Belial, 〈◊〉 Cor. 6. 15.) i • used 〈◊〉 extreme mischief and wickedness, or most impious and mischie •• ous persons, called sons of Belial, Deut. 13. 13▪ daughters of B • lial, 1 Sam. 〈◊〉 ▪ 〈◊〉 ▪ men of Belial, 1. Sam. 25. 25. and sometime B 〈…〉 it self, as in Nah. 1. 15. Belial shall no more pass th 〈…〉 thee; and 2 Sam. 23. 6. Belial shall be everyone as thorns thrust away: and Job 34. 18. Wilt 〈◊〉 say to a King▪ Belial? It is also applied to special sins and sinners, as a witness of Belial, Prov. 19. 28. a counselor of Beli • l, Nah. 1. 15. Also to mischievous thoughts, words or things. De • t. 15. 9. Psal. 41. 9. and 101. 3. The Apostle opposeth Belial to Christ, 2 C •• . 6. 15. and it seemeth to be put for the Devil or Satan, (as the Sy •••• and Arabic translations there explain Paul's 〈◊◊〉 for Antichrist; for so Belial is opposed to Christ and his kingdom, 2 Sam. 23. 6. By interpretation, Belial signifieth an Unthrift, or Without 〈◊〉 lawless; 〈◊〉 Antichrist is named the lawless man, 〈◊〉 Thess. 2. 8. and in this Psalm the Greek 〈◊〉 streams of lawlesnesse, or iniquity: which the Chaldee Paraphrast calleth the company of the unrighteous▪ frighted me] skar • d, or vexed 〈◊◊〉 . This word is used of Saul's vexation by a • 〈◊〉 spirit, 〈◊◊〉 . 16. 14▪ 15.

Vers. 6. of hell] which the Chaldee expoundeth, [unspec 6] a company of ••• ked persons. snares of death] deadly sha ••• , 〈◊◊〉 for my death; a similitude 〈◊〉 from 〈◊◊〉 , Eccles. 9. 12. So 〈◊〉 . 13. 14. and 14. • 7. The Chaldee explaineth 〈◊◊〉 • rmed with weapons of s • aughter. Pre 〈…〉 me] that is, were ready to take hold on me 〈…〉 denly and unawares.

Vers. 7. distress upon me] or to me, that is, in [unspec 7] that my distress, or while it was upon me. So Psal. • 6. 1 • . be heard] The Hebrew properly is, will hear; but the time to come is often put for the time past; therefore in 2 Sam. 22. 7. it is plainly written, and • e heard: so after in the 12. verse, • ee will set, which in Samuel is written, and • ee set: again in the 14▪ verse, thundered; for which in Samuel is written, will thunder: the like may be observed of the Hebrew phrase, in the 16. 39. 41. 〈◊〉 44. verses of this Psalm, compared with the same in 2 Sam. 22. So often in other scriptures, which the Hebrew text it self sometime showeth, as hikki ••• they smote him, 2 Chron. 22. 6. for which in 2 King. 8. 29. is written, jakkuh •• . See also the note on Psal. 〈◊〉 . 1. his palace] or his Temple: which the Chaldee explaineth thus; He • received my prayer from the Palace of his sanctu • rie which is in heaven. entered] or came into; this word is omitted in 2 Sam. 〈◊〉 . 〈◊〉 . supplied here; as oftentimes there want words, which are to be understood. So verse. 〈◊〉 and Psal. 69. 11.

Vers. 8. foundations of the mounts] that is, the [unspec 8] roots and 〈◊〉 of the mountains. By these and the words following, under the similitude of a sore tempestuous weather, God's judgments against the wicked are excellently set for • h. Compare herewith Psal. 82. 5. and Deut. 32. 〈◊〉 . where the foundations of the mountains are set on fire. For mount • ine • in 2 Sam. • 2. 8. is written heavens, either for that the mountains reaching high, seem to be the foundation, and as they are called in Job 26. 11▪ the pillars of heaven; or in a mystical sense, as the shaking of heaven and earth▪ signifieth the changing of civil polities and of religions, Heb. 12. • 6▪ 27. he was wroth] or kindled to him was his anger; or b •• ne did his nose: for in the Hebrew another word is sometimes added, which signifieth anger or nose, Deut. 6. 15. Exod. 32. 11. See the notes on Psal. 2. 5. and the note here following. The Greek translateth, for God was angry with them.

Vers. 9. in his anger] or, in his nose: the like [unspec 9] speech is in Esa. 65. 5. these are a smoke in my anger; or, for these a smoke is in my nose: and it noteth sore indig 〈…〉 ▪ for smoke is a sign of vehement anger, Psal. 74. 1. and 80. 5. Deut. 29. 20. This narration here may be compared with the giving of the Law, Exod. 19. 18, &c. where was smoke, fire, earthquake, thunder, lightning, and the like. For these with the speeches following of clouds, winds, tempests, thunderbolts, hail, &c. do lively describe God's Majesty, appearing in his works, & for punishment of his enemies, as Exod. 9. 23, 24. Josh. 10. 11. Judge. 5. 20. 1 Sam. 2. 10. and 7. 10. and 12. 17. Rev. 16. 18. 21. did eat] that is, consume. See Psal. 50. 3. The Chaldee expoundeth it, he sent his wrath like-burning fire▪ coles of fire were kindled at his word.

Vers. 10. he bowed the heavens] This was for [unspec 10] the help of David, and discomfiture of his enemies: therefore the Prophet prayeth for the like again, Psal. 144. 5, 6. Isaiah. 64. 1, 2. and came down] that is, as the Chaldee openeth it, his glory appeared. gloomie darkness] myrke and thick darkness, or a dark cloud: as a Chron. 6. 1. Job. 22. 13. such as was on mount Sinar, when God came down on it, Deut. 4. 11. and 5. 22. a sign of terror, as the Apostle showeth, Heb. 12. 18. 〈◊〉 Psal. 97. 2.

Vers. 11. on the Cherub] a Cherub, and the plural [unspec 11] number, Cherubim of Cherubim, is a name given to the Angeli▪ Gen. 3. 25. and to the golden winged images which were in the tabernacle and temple, Exod. 25. 18, 19, 20. 1 King. 6. 23, 24, 25, 29. 32. The living creatures also which Ezekiel saw in vision, Ezech. 1. 5. are called Cherubim, Ezek. 10. 1. 1 • . Likewise the king of Tyre is called an anointed and a covering Cherub, Ezek. 28. 14. 16. The Hebrew name hath affinity with Rechub a Cha 〈…〉 , used in Psal. 104. 3. almost in like sense as Cherub is here; and the Cherubim are called a Chariot, 1 Chron. 28. 18. and God's Angels are his Chariots, Psal. 68. 18. and they seem to be meant in this place; for as the Angels are said to fly, Dan. 9. 21. so the Cherubim had wings, Exod. 25. 2 • . and are of the Apostle called Cherubim of glory, Heb. 9. 5. In Psal. 80. 2. God is said to sit on the Cherubim; as here, to ride and a Cherub may be put for many or all the Cherubims, as chariot for chariots, Psal. 68. 18. See the note on Psal. 8. 9. The Chaldee paraphraseth thus; And he was seen in his strength upon the light Cherubims; and brought his power upon the wings of the Whirle-wind. slew swiftly] or glansed; a similitude taken from Eagles and like swift fowls that fly with aswinge, Deut. 28. 49. Ier. 48. 40. For this, in 2 Sam. 22. 11. is written jera▪ that is, he was seen: which here with little difference of one letter is jede, that is, he flew switly. So in Psal. 104. 3. God is said to walk upon the wings of the wind.

Vers. 12. his pavilion] or covert, tabernacle. In the Chaldee it is explained thus; He placed his divine [unspec 12] presence in the darkness, and his glory was compassed with clouds as a pavilion: and he made rain to come down upon his people, and mighty waters from the moving of the dark clouds upon the wicked, from the height of the world. darkness of waters] that is, dark black waters: meaning watery clouds, as Psal. 104. 3. & 29. 3. In 2 Sam. 22. 12. this is thus set down: and he set darkness round about him, for boothes▪ blackness of waters, &c. the skies] that is, the heavens, named in Hebrew Shechakim, of their thin fine and subtle substance.

Vers. 13. passed away] that is, vanished; for God's [unspec 13] brightness expelled them. So passing away, is used for vanishing, Isaiah. 29. 5. hail and coles] that is, there was, or there came hail, to wit, from his brightness, as in 2 Sam. 22. 13. it is written, From the brightness before him there burned coles of fire. Hail and fire are instruments of God's war and punishment, Job. 38. 22, 23. Josh. 10. 11. Rev. 16. 21. Zach. 12. 6. Ezek. 10. 2.

Vers. 14. thundered] this also is a sign of God's anger, 1 Sam. 2. 10. and 7. 10. Isa. 29. 6. and of his [unspec 14] power and glory, Psal. 29. 3. and 77. 19. Job 26. 14. and 37. 4, 5. and 40. 4. gave his voice] a common phrase for all loud and high speech▪ cry, noise, thundering, &c. Psal. 46. 7. and 68. 34. and 77. 18. and 104. 〈…〉 . Num. 14. 1. 2 Chron. 24. 9. Hab. 3. 10. The Chaldee expoundeth it thus, the most high lifted up his word, he cast hail and coles of fire. 〈◊〉 of fire] that is, fiery vapors, lightnings, &c. This sentence is omitted, in 2 Sam. 22. 14. and is wanting also in the Greek verson here.

Vers. 15. 〈◊〉 arrows] the instruments of his [unspec 15] wrath and judgments; for God hath arrows of pestilence, Psal. 91. 5▪ of samine, Ezek. 5. 16. and other arrows to wound the hearts of his enemies, Psal. 45. 6. and 64. 8. or to afflict his children, Psal. 38. 3. Job 6. 4. Here and in Psal. 144. 6. by arrows may be meant thunderbolts, or the hailstones forementioned; as the hailstones that fell, Ios. 10. 11. are called arrows, Hab. 3. 11. The Chaldee saith, he sent his word as arrows. he hurled] or, he shot, as the word signifieth, Gen. 49. 23. it may also be turned, he multiplied. This is omitted in 2 Sam. 22. 15. terribly struck them down] discomfited troubled, and felled them down with dread, noise and tumu 〈…〉 . This word is used in the examples of his wrath, Exod. 14. 24. Josh. 10. 10. Judge. 4. 15. 1 Sam. 7. 10. Deut. 7. 23.

Vers. 16. channels of water.] that is, of the sea, [unspec 16] 2 Sam. 22. 16. channels signify violent currents, or forcible streams, running rivers. So Psal. 42. 2. and 126. 4. The Greek here translateth them, fountains of waters. foundations of the world] that is, the deep waters and main 〈◊〉 whereon the world is founded, Psal. 24. 2. 〈◊〉 . wind of thine anger] or, of thy nose, as before, verse. 9. meaning a blast, storm, or whirl wind, which God in anger sent forth. This manner of speech is taken from Job 4. 9.

Vers. 17. drew me out, &c.] this hath reference [unspec 17] to Moses case, who was drawn out of the water, and thereupon called Mosheh, Exod. 2. 10. that word Mashah is used here by David; and nowhere else in Scripture. Waters signify troubles, as is noted verse. 5. and sometime multitudes of people's, Rev. 17. 15. so the Chaldee turneth it here, he delivered me from many people's.

Vers. 19. cloudy calamity] The Hebrew Aeid [unspec 19] is a fog, vapor, or misty cloud, Gen. 2. 6. Job. 36. 27. by figure it is put for calamity or misery of man, Deut. 32. 35. As elsewhere, the cloudy and dark day, Ezek. 34. 12.

Vers. 22. frommy God] meaning by swerving, [unspec 22] or turning away from him; which the Chaldee expresseth thus, I walked not in wickedness before my God.

Vers. 23. not turn away from me] in 2 Sam. [unspec 23] 22, 23. it is, turned not away from it, that is, from any of his statutes. The Greek translateth, they departed not fro 〈…〉 .

Vers. 24. from mine iniquity] that is, from the [unspec 24] iniquity that I am prone to fall into. The Hebrew word signifieth that which is unright, unequal, crooked or perverse; opposed to that which is right; and is fitly applied. to sin, and so translated by the Apostle, Rom. 4. 8. from Psal. 32. 2. In this estate we all are borne, Psal. 51. 7. so it noteth the viciositie or crookedness of nature and original sin, which the Apostle called the sin dwelling in him, Rom. 7. 17. and he that was first borne, first applied this word to himself, Gen. 4. 13. It is figuratively used oft times for punishment due to sin: whereof see Psal. 31. 11. The Chaldee openeth this verse thus; And I was perfect in his fear, and he was the the saver of my soul from sins.

Vers. 25. pureness of my hands] in 2 Sam. 22. 25. my pureness. [unspec 25]

Vers. 26. gracious] or merciful, pious, godly. See Psal. 4. 4. man] or mighty one; called Geber, [unspec 26] of his strength, valor, and superiority: for which in 2 Sam. 22. 26. is put Gibbor, that is, Strong, or a champion: a mighty man, Psal. 19. 6. and 45. 4. with the froward thou wilt show thy selfewry] A like speech is used in Moses, Levite. 26. 27, 28. if ye walk stubbornly against me, I will walk stubbornly in anger against you: But here David useth two words, whereof the first, froward or crooked, is always spoken of doing evil and wrong; the latter word wry, not so, but is a similitude taken from • rastlers, and noteth a writhing of ones self against an adversary. The Chaldee Paraphrast applieth this gracious saint to Abraham; the perfect man, to Isaac; the pure, unto Jacob; and the froward, unto Pharaoh and the Egyptians.

Vers. 28. the lofty eyes] In 2 Sam. 22. 28. it [unspec 28] is thus set down: and thine eyes are upon the lofty, that thou mayest bring them low.

Vers. 29. hast lighted my candle] or, doest lighten [unspec 29] my lamp, that is, givest me comfort, joy, prosperity after troubles; as on the contrary, the wicked's candle shall be put out, Job 18. 6. and 21. 17. Prov. 13. 9. and 24. 20. and 20. 20. In 2 Sam. 22. 29. this word lighted is left out to be understood, as before in the 7. verse. Sometime the eye is called the candle of the body, Mat. 6. 22. and Solomon saith, that a man's mind (or soul) is the candle of the Lord, Prov. 20. 27. sometime ones child succeeding him in government, is his candle, Psal. 132. 17. 1 King. 11. 36. and 15. 4. Num. 21. 30. All these in David were lighted; and Christ his son according to the flesh, is the candle of the new Jerusalem. Rev. 21. 23. the true light, which lighteth every man that cometh into the world, John. 1. 9. brightned my darkness] that is, turned my grief and affliction into joy and comfort, Job 29. 3. Esth. 8. 16. Luk. 1. 79.

Vers. 30. broken thorough an host] Hebr. shall break, [unspec 30] or run thorough an host, or troop. This, and the leaping over a wall which followeth, may be understood both of escaping danger himself, and of quelling his foes, and winning their walled cities, and both these speedily. The Chaldee explaineth it thus; For by thy word I shall multiply armies, and by the word of my God subdue fenced towers.

Vers. 31. in him] the Chaldee saith, in his word. [unspec 31] [unspec 32]

Vers. 32. who is a rock] that is, a mighty savior and defender. The Greek here for Rock hath a God; and in 2 Sam. 22. 32. a Greater. And this hath reference to the words of Anna, there is no rock like our God, 1 Sam. 2. 2.

Vers. 33. that girdeth me] that is, prepareth and strengtheneth me: therefore in 2 Sam. 22. 33. it is [unspec 33] written, my strength: elsewhere he speaketh of being girded with joy, Psal. 30. 12. valor] or power, force, prowess. And this word is used both for valor, activity and courage of body & ruinde; also for a power, or army of men, Ps. 33. 16. and 136. 15. and also for wealth gotten by industry, whereby men are able to do much, Psal. 49. 7. 11. and 62. 11. and giveth] that is, maketh or disposeth my way to be perfect, that is, without impediment▪ or, as the Greek translateth, without blemish. For giveth, in 2 Sam. 22. is, looseneth, which also freeth from let.

Vers. 34. He matcheth my feet as hinds] that is, [unspec 34] maketh me swift to run like the Hinds, and so to escape danger, and stand safe upon my high places; which usually denoteth security, honor and prosperity, Deut. 32. 13. and 33. 29. Isa. 58. 14. The like speech Habakkuk hath in the end of his song, Hab. 3. 19.

Vers. 35. bow of brass] or of steel; and this is [unspec 35] observed to be stronger than iron, Job 20. 24.

Vers. 36. thy right hand hath upheld me] or, [unspec 36] • irmely stayed (and strengthened) me. This sentence is added here, more than in 2 Sam. 22. 36. thy meekness] or modesty, lenity, humility, whereby thou abasest thyself to regard me, and deal meekly with me; even gently chastising and un •• uring me. Wherefore the Greek turneth it thus, thy chastisement hath rectified me. The Chaldee saith, and by thy word thou hast made me to increase.

Vers. 37. hast widened my passage] or enlarged [unspec 37] my pase, that is, given me roomth to walk steadily and safe. Contrary to that which is said of the wicked, that his strong (or violent) passages are straightened, (or made narrow) Job 18. 7.

Vers. 38. overtook them] and consequently [unspec 38] quelled, or cut them off, as is expressed 2 Sam. 22. 38.

Vers. 39. I wounded them] or struck thorough, [unspec 39] embrewed with blood. This verse in 2 Sam. 22. 39. is read thus; And I consumed them, and wounded them, and they rose not, but fell under my feet.

Vers. 41. the neck of mine enemies] that is, put [unspec 41] them to flight, and subdued them, 2 Chr. 29. 6. Ger. 49. 8. And this respecteth God's promise, Exod. 23. 27.

Vers. 42. They cried out] for an helper, as the [unspec 42] Chaldee addeth. For this, in 2 Sam. 22. 42. is, They looked. answered] in Chaldee, they prayed to the Lord, and he received not their prayer.

Vers. 43. pour them out] or empty them, that [unspec 43] is, tumble them down, to be trodden as dirt; I spread them abroad; as in 2 Sam. 22. this verse is written, And I did beat them small as the dust of the earth: as the clay of the streets I pounded them, I spread them abroad.

Vers. 44. of the people] in 2 Sam. 22. it is, the contentions [unspec 44] of my people, hast kept me for the head, &c. and hereby Christ's headship over the Church of the Gentiles is signified, and the contradiction of his own people the Jews, Rom. 10. 20, 21. See after in verse 50.

Vers. 45. At the hearing of the ear] that is, speedily, [unspec 45] so soon as they hear, without further ado; or By the hearing of the ear, that is, with diligent hearkening and attendance. sons of the stranger] 〈◊〉 the •• iant, or of alienation; that is, aliens, 〈◊〉 , stranger • from the common-wealth of Israel, they and their progenitors. So Psal. 144. 7. Isa. 6 • . 8. falsely deny] or dissemble. In the Greek, they lie: 〈◊〉 meaning, they feinedly submit themselves, for fear or other sinister respect, against their wills. And this agreeth with the last promise of Moses, Deut. 33. 29. thy enemies shall falsely deny to thee. The original word is used both for denying, Gen. 18. 15. and for lying or falsifying, 1 Kin. 13. 18. See after, Psal. 59. • 3. and 66. 3.

Vers. 46. fade away] or fall, to wit, as leaves of [unspec 46] trees that wither.

Vers. 47. my Rock] in Greek, my God.

Vers. 48. that giveth vengeances to me] that is, [unspec 47] [unspec 48] giveth me power to be avenged of my foes; or, giveth vengeances for me, that is, avengeth and punisheth for my sake. Whereupon he is called the God of vengeances. Psal. 94. 1. So to give vengeance, is to execute it, Nū. 31. 3. subdueth] bringeth into good order and subjection, therefore in 2 Sam. 22. it is said, subjecteth or bringeth down. And sometime this word signifieth a subduing by overthrow and destruction; as 2 Chron. 22. 10. she subdued: for which in 2 King. 11. 1. is written, she brought to perdition, or destroyed.

Vers. 50. I will confess thee] that is, give thee public and solemn praise and thanks. This verse [unspec 50] is applied in Rom. 15. 9. to the calling of the Gentiles unto the faith of Christ, and praise unto God therefore. By which we are taught, that of Christ and his kingdom this Psalm is chiefly intended.

Vers. 51. He maketh great] or magnifieth; He is the magnifier of the salvations, that is, of the full [unspec 51] salvation and deliverance. Instead of Magdil, that is, magnifier, in 2 Sam. 22. 51. there is Migdol, which is so written, as by the vowels signifieth a tower of salvations, and by the consonants a magnifier. Hereupon the Hebrew Doctors (in Midras tillin upon this place) say, One Scripture saith, MAGNIFIER, and another, saith. TOWER: and what tower is made for them? The King Christ is as a tower, as it is said, the tower of salvations: it is also written, The name of the LORD 〈◊〉 a strong tower, &c. Prov. 18. 10. it 〈◊〉 anointed] or his Messias, his Christ, as 〈◊〉 in Psal. 2. 2. David and his seed] this may be referred both to the first Dividend his posterity, on whom God shown great mercy; and also to our Lord Christ, who is called by the Prophets, David, Ezek. 34. 23, 24. Hos. 3. 5. and his seed are his disciples, the children which God hath given him, Heb. 2. 13. or himself is the seed here mentioned, Act. 13. 23. Rom. 1. 3. as he also is called Abraham's seed, Gal. 3. 16.

Annotations.

DOe tell] to wit, unto men, and so give occasion [unspec 2] unto them to tell; as the Chaldee translateth, They that look upon the heavens do tell, &c. the glory] that is, the glorious work; so in Ex. 16. 7. Num. 14. 21, 22. John. 11. 40. the out-spread firmament] the whole cope of heaven with the air, as the Chaldee saith, they that behold the air: which though it be soft and liquid, and spread over the earth, yet is it fast and firm, and therefore called of us according to the common Greek version, a firmament, the holy Ghost expresseth it by another term, Mid-heaven, Rev. 8. 13. and 14. 6. and 19. 17. This out-spread firmament, or expansion, God made a mids the waters for a separation, and named it Heavens, Gen. 1. 7, 8. which of David is said to be stretched out 〈◊〉 a curtain or tent, Psal. 104. 2. and elsewhere is said to be firm, as molten glass, Job 37. 18. So under this name Firmament, be comprised the orbs of the heavens, and the air, and the whole spacious roomth above the earth.

Vers. 3. Day unto day] one day unto and after another: so unto is used for after, in Exod. 16. 1. and [unspec 3] 19. 1. Vttereth] or welleth 〈◊〉 , as a fountain, continually and plenteously. manifesteth] or showeth lively.

Vers. 4. not heard is their voice] that is, whose voice is not heard or understood: meaning that they [unspec 4] are no mute or obscure speeches, whereby the heavens preach to the world, but manifest to all, as the next verse showeth, and Paul plainly confirmeth, Rom. 1. 19, 20. and the Greek version here leadeth us so to understand this sentence, together with the Apostles allegation, Rom. 10. 19. and the like Hebraisms are usual, as Job 3. 3. Let the day perish, I was borne in it, that is, wherein I was borne: and hearing is often put for understanding, Gen. 11. 7. 2. Kings 18. 26. 1 Corin. 14. 2. Compare also herewith that Hebrew phrase in • er. 38. 5. Or we may read it thus: There is no speech nor words: not he •• d is their voice: that is, the heavens make • o speech, or Sermon; • or utter any rea • able words, no nor any voice (or s 〈…〉 d) 〈…〉 of theirs is heard: but their line is gone forth, &c. Or, (taking words for people's that speak them,) there is 〈◊〉 speech no • words, where the voice of the heavens is not he 〈…〉 d.

V. 5. their line] or, their 〈◊〉 , their delineation: w ^ch is a mean to teach the rude and simple; as Esa. 28. [unspec 5] 10. or by line is mean a building, frame or edifice, which is made by line and rule, Zach. 1. 16. Job 38. 5. The Greek translateth it, their sound; which word the Apostle also useth, Rom. 10. 18. where he speaketh of the preaching of the Gospel, by which the Church is taught and edified. their speakings] or, their words: but this is used sometime generally for signification any manner of way: as Prov. 6. 13. he speaketh (that is, signifieth) with his feet. And taking him before to have shown how the heavens have no speeches, words nor voice; this here may be meant of their significations, by the wonderful frame, course, order, &c. that all men may see in them. he hath put a tent] God hath put (or set) in the heavens a tabernacle, that is, a flitting habitation: for that the sun never stayeth in one place. The Sun is in Hebrew called Shemesh, that is, a minister or servant; which very name should have kept the nations from worshipping and serving it, which God hath distributed to all people under the whole heaven; as Deut. 4. 19.

Vers. 6. as a bridegroom] the Chaldee addeth, [unspec] in the morning as a bridegroom. The Sun when he riseth is gloriously adorned with beautiful rays, and seemeth most cheerful; which two things are set forth by similitude of a bridegroom, Esa. 61. 10: & 62. 5. to run a race] a long way, journey, or, course. The swift course of the Sun is joyfully performed, as when a Champion runneth for a game.

Vers. 8. Th 〈…〉 ] or Doctrine 〈…〉 ▪ an orderly manner [unspec 8] of instruction, an institution or disposition, called in Hebrew Torah, which implieth both doctrine, and an orderly disposition of the same; therefore, where one Prophet relating David's words, saith, the law of man, 2 Sam. 7. 19. another saith, the orderly estate (or course) of man, 1 Chron. 17. 17. The holy Ghost in Greek calleth it Nomos, a Law, Heb. 8. 10. from Ier. 31. 33. This name is most commonly ascribed to the precepts given by Moses at Mount Sinai; Deut. 33. 4. Mal. 4. 4. John. 1. 17. and 7. 19. it is also largely used for all his writings. For the history of Genesis is called Law, Gal. 4. 21. from Gen. 16. And though sometime the Law be distinguished from the Psalms and Prophets, Luke 16. 16. and 24. 44. yet the other Prophets books are called Law, 1 Cor. 14. 21. from Isaiah. 28. 11. the Psalms are also thus named, John. 10. 24. and 15. 25. from Psal. 8 • . 6. and 35. 19. Yea one Psalm is called a Law, Psal. 78. 1. and the many branches of Moses doctrine; as the Law of the sinoffering, &c. Lev. 6. 25. and generally it is used for any doctrine; as, the Law of works, the Law of faith, &c. Rom. 3. 27. is perfect] or, is a perfect Law. The word before is again understood here and in the speeches following: as sometime it is fully expressed, Psal. 12. 7. returning the soul] or, restoring the life. To return the soul, is sometime to deliver it from evils, Ps. 35. 17. Job 33. 30. sometime to refresh it as with food that keepeth in life, Lam. 1. 11. 19. to refresh it with rest, come 〈…〉 t, and the like, R • th 4. 15. Psal. 23. 3. Prov. 25. 13. All which may be found in the law of God. the testimony] God called the two tables of his law, the Testimony, Exod. 25. 16. 21. and 31. 18. and the Ark wherein they were kept, had thereupon the like name, Num. 17. 4. Exod. 25. 22. and so the tabernacle wherein the Ark was, Exod. 38. 21. Rev. 15. 5. God's Law hath this title because of the testification, contestation, and earnest charge w ^ch he and his Prophets gave concerning it, as Ps. 81. 9. 2 Kin. 17. 15. Neh. 9. 29, 30. Deut. 31. 28. and 32. 4. and as a record it testifieth what is God's will and covenant, John. 5. 39. And as the Law, so the Gospel (yea Christ himself) is called a testimony, 1 Cor. 2. 1. 2 Thes. 1. 10. 1 Tim. 2. 6. faithful] or, a faithful testimony: this word meaneth also, sure, certain, firm and constant; as faithful plagues, Deut. 28. 59. are sure and durable: a faithful house, 2 Sam. 7. 16. is settled, firm & stable, &c. God's word hath like commendations, Ps. 93. 5. and 111. 7. the simple] or silly. The original pethi, meaneth one that is easily persuaded or enticed, credulous and light of belief, according to the proverb, Pethi, The simple believeth everything, Prov. 14. 15. Consequently it is used for Unskilfull, and applied sometime to evil foolish persons, Prov. 9. 6. and 22. 3. sometime to the good and simple; as Psal. 116. 6. The Greek often translateth it, a babe, and so Christ calleth such, Mat. 11. 25. This verse and the two next following, which treat of God's law, are in Hebrew written every of them with ten words, according to the number of the ten commandments, which are called ten words, Exod. 34. 28.

Vers. 9. The Precepts] or, Commissions, Changes. This word is by David only applied to God's [unspec 9] commandments, called of him Pikkudim; of Pukad to 〈◊〉 ; as if we should say Visitatians, or precepts, the transgressions whereof God hath threatened to visit or punish; as Exod. 20. 5. and 32. 34. Or of hiphkid, to commend or commit unto ones charge and custody▪ because these are committed unto men, carefully to be observed; as it is written, Thou hast commanded thy precepts to be kept 〈◊〉 mently, Ps. 119. 4. the commandment] that is, the commandments: one put for all; as judgment, 2. King. 25. 6. for judgments, Ier. 52. 9. and many the like.

Vers. 10. The fear] or reverence, that is, the [unspec 10] religion and worship prescribed of God; as in Matth. 15. 9. that is called Worship, which in Isa. 29. 13. is named Fear; and this is said to be clean from all filthiness, because he requireth to be worshipped in spirit and truth; and with pure hands, John. 4. 24. 1 Tim. 2. 8. Or, as God himself is called Fear, Psal. 76. 12. so his law may also here be called Peare, for that it was given with fearful majesty, and worketh in men the fear and reverence of God, Exod. 20. 18, 19, 20. Deut. 5. 24,—29. standing] or abiding, continuing firm, yet and perpetually. judgments] Such laws as were annexed to the ten commandments, for punishing the offenders, have this title prefixed; as Exod. 21. 1. These are the judgments which thou shalt set before them, &c. And as decrees or statutes are often put for the ordinances of God's worship; (as is noted on Psal. 2. 7.) instead whereof David here seemeth to use the former word fear; so judgments are laws and rites for human duties. These two Moses often joineth together, saying; Hearken O Israel to the statutes and to the judgments, &c. Deut. 4. 1. 5. 8. 14. 45▪ and 5. 1. 31. and 6. 1. 20. and 7. 11. and 8. 11, &c. just together] that is, all of them together, and each of them apart, is just, or justified.

Vers. 11. fine gold] or solid gold, called Paz, which hath the name of strength, fastnesse, or solidity: [unspec 11] such gold was rare and precious, Isa. 13. 12. Lam. 4. 2. The Arabians now call gold Phes. It was very fine: therefore when one Prophet calleth it gold. Muphaz, 2 Kin. 10. 18. another calleth it tahor, that is, fine or clean gold, 2 Chron. 9. 17. liquor of the honey combes] or, liquid honey of the comb • . Each of these words is used by Solomon for the dropting honey comb▪ Prov. 5. 3. and 16. 24. and both are joined for more vehemency.

Vers. 12. clearly admonished] The word signifieth illustrating, making bright or shining, Dan. 12. [unspec 12] 3. and so by warning. or. information to make the soul clear and circumstect. Exod. 18. 20. 2 King: 6. 10. Eccles. 4. 13. Ezek. 3. 17. 18, 19, 20. much reward] or much end, that is, great profit or reward, as the Greek translate that. The Chaldee applieth this peculiarly to David, saying, and because be kept them, he was made the Prince of Israel. The Hebrew Ghnekeb, signifying the heela or seetsole, is used figuratively for the end of a thing, (as the head, for the beginning, Psal. 119. 160.) and so for the sa • cisse, event and recampence that followeth thereupon. As another word, acharith, which signifieth end, is used also for reward, Prove. 23. 18. and 1▪ Pet. 1. 9.

Vers. 23. Vnadvised errors] or, Ignorant saults, [unspec 13] Vnwitting. and inconsiderate sins. The law for which is given, Lev. 4. 2. &c. who dotn understand] or, who candiscerne? meaning, no man can. So Psal. 7. 7. 5. I spake not. for, I could not speak. See the Annorations there. cleanse thou me] or, make me innocent, free, guiltless, empty. The word is also used for exempting, or absolving, free from punishment due to sin, Exod. 20. 6. and 34. 7.

Vers. 15. be to favor able acceptation] that is, be [unspec 15] acceptable or well pleasing; or, as before, they shall be acceptable. For the Hebrew will bear either interpretation. Therefore also in the Greek, these two phrases are used as one, He shall be, Mark 10. 44. and Let him be, Mat. 20. 27. Of the word at, ceptation, see the note on Psal. 5. 13. my redeemer] or deliverer; the Hebrew Goel is interpreted in the Greek by both these, Rō. 11. 26. frō Isa. 59. 20. Act. 7. 35. The word is of large use, for redeeming of things sold or mortgaged, Lev. 25. but applied to redemption or deliverance from danger, Psal. 69. 19 from violence, Psal. 72. 14. from corruption, Psal. 103. 4. from the enemies hand, Psal. 106. 10. from death, Hos. 13. 14. and from all evil, Gen. 48. 16. And in special, one that challengeth or redeemeth any person, or thing that was before alienated, and restoreth it to the first estate, by right of kindred, is called by this name, 1 Kings 16. 11. Ruth 39. 12, 13. and 4. 1. 3. &c. Therefore is this title given to God and Christ, who is our redeemer, and allied unto us, as concerning the flesh, Isa. 43. 14. and 44. 6. and 47 4. 1 Thess. 1. 10. Heb. 2. 14, 15.

Annotations.

ANswer thee] thee O King, whom after he calleth Messias, or Anointed, verse. 7. And this [unspec 2] sentence is set down in Iaakobs words, Gen. 35. 3. as after he mentioneth the God of Jacob. And the whole Psalm is a prophesy of Christ's sufferings, and his deliverances out of them, for which the Church with him triumpheth. For answer, the Chaldee saith, accept thy prayer. set thee on high] in a high refuge, and so defend and keep thee safe: see Psal. 9. 10. As God's name, even his only is advanced high, Psal. 148. 13. so is it also a strong tower which the righteous runneth unto, and is set on high, Prov. 18. 10.

Vers. 3. from the Sanctuary] or sanctity; Thus the tabernacle was called, Lev. 16. 2. and the temple, [unspec 3] 1 King. 8. 10. as being the place of holiness, for the presence of God there.

Vers. 4. remember all thy oblations] This hath respect to the law, which appointed part of the oblation [unspec 4] (or meat-offering) to be burnt on the altar unto God, with oil and incense for a memorial, Levite. 2. 2. The Hebrew Minchah, is generalfy a gift or present carried to any, Psal. 45. 13. and 72. 10. Gen. 32. 13. and in special, a gift or oblation presented to God, Gen. 4. 3, 4, 5. Psal. 96. 8. most specially the oblation of corn or flower, called the meatoffering, Lev. 2. Num. 29. The Apostle in Greek turneth it Prosphora, an oblation, Heb. 10. 5. 8. 10. from Psal. 40. 6. burnt-offering] which according to the original word Ghnolah, signifieth an ascension, because this kind of sacrifice was wholly given up to God in fire, Lev. 1. 3,—9. 13. Therefore in Greek it is translated holocautoma, that is, a whole burnt-offering. turn to ashes] that is, consume to ashes with heavenly fire: for so God approved and accepted the sacrifices of his people, Lev. 9. 24 1 Kings 18. 28.

Vers. 5. fulfill all thy counsel] or accomplish it: [unspec 5] Counsel is as empty if it be not effected and accomplished; and the performance is as the filling thereof. So to fill or accomplish petitions in the verse following: to fulfill joy, John. 3. 29. and 15. 11. to fulfill words, is to confirm them, 1 Kings 1. 14. and to perform or effect them, 1 Kings 2. 27.

Vers. 6. We will showt] or, that we may showt, or [unspec 6] shrill. For these two phrases are used in differently: See the note on Psal. 43. 4. thy salvation] which thou (O King) hast received; or which thou (O God) hast given. set up the banner] or, display the slag or ensign, which was for triumph and victory, to honor God, and to terrify the enemies, Song 6. 3. 9.

Vers. 7. his anointed] or Messias, that is, his [unspec 7] King, verse. 10. Psal. 2. 6. with powers the salvation] that is, with full power (or puissance,) even with the salvation of his right hand. For God's right hand is of wondrous excellent force, and doth valiantly, Exod. 15 6. Psal. 118. 16. and 89 14.

Vers. 8. These] that is, Some mention chariots [unspec 8] and some horses. Chariot is used for chariots; as also in Psal. 68. 18. so bird for birds, Psal. 8. 9. Angel for Angels, Psal. 34. 8. make mention of the name] that is, make it to be known and to be remembered with honor, Psal. 45. 18. Esa. 49. 1. 2 Sam. 18. 18.

Vers. 9. stand upright] or, set ourselves sure to [unspec 9] continue yet. So after in Psal. 146. 9. and 147. 6.

Vers. 10. the King, he answer us] By the King [unspec 10] here seemeth to be meant Christ, of whom this whole Psalm is composed: as also the Chaldee Paraphrast understood it, and therefore explained this verse thus; O word of the Lord, redeem us; O mighty King, receive our prayer in the day of our invocation. But the Seventie (not keeping the distinctions) turn it in Greek thus; Lord save the king, and here us in the day that we call upon thee.

Annotations.

IN thy strength] or, for thy strength, thy kingdom, [unspec 2] strong help and deliverance. This Psalm, as the former, gratulateth the victory and salvation of Christ, and is by the Chaldee Paraphrast applied to the reign of King Messias. Also the Hebrew Iismach, (Shall rejoice,) hath the letters (being transplaced,) of the name Mashiach, Christ. shall rejoice] or rejoiceth continually.

Vers. 4. a crown] a sign of glorious victory, [unspec 4] and of the Kingdom.

V. 5. length of days] that is, a long continued life time, Isa. 53. 10. Job 12. 12. So Ps. 23. 6. & 93. 5. and [unspec 5] 91. 16. On the contrary, short of days, is short lived, Job 14. 1. ever and aie] to eternal and perpetual aie. Christ being raised from death, dieth no more; death hath no more dominion over him, Rom. 6. 9 But behold he is alive for evermore, Amen, Rev. 1. 18. and ever liveth to make intercession for them that come to God by him, Hebr. 7. 25.

Vers. 7. hast set him blessings] that is, made him to abound with all manner blessings himself, & to be [unspec 7] an example of, or to impart blessings unto others. So to Abram it was said, be thou a blessing, Gen. 12. 2. the like promise is to his children, Ezek. 24. 36. Isa. 19. 20. with thy face] or before thy face, in thy presence as Psal. 16. 11.

Vers. 9. shall find out all thy enemies] to wit, to punish them, as 〈◊〉 like phrase importeth, Isa. 10. [unspec 9] 10. or, shall find for all, that is, shall be enough for all thy foes, that is, sufficiently able to overcome them: so finding is used for sufficiency, Num. 11. 22. Judge. 21. 14. For hand, the Chaldee saith, the stroke of thine hand.

Vers. 10. 〈◊〉 set them] or put them all and everyone, 〈◊〉 is noted on Psal. 2. 3. So also after in verse. [unspec 10] 11. and 13. 〈◊〉 of fire] a fiery furnace; meaning in 〈◊〉 affliction, Lam. 5. 10. the time of thy face] that is of thine anger, as the Chaldee Paraphrast explaineth it; for the face showeth forth pleasure or displeasure, favor or wrath: so face is used for anger, Psal. 34 17. Lev. 20. 6. Gen. 32. 20. Lam. 4. 〈◊〉 . • er. 3. 12. swallow them] that is, destroy or d 〈…〉 sh, them: so Psal. 35. 25. and 52. 6. and 55. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ] the Chaldee expoundeth it, the fire of Ge 〈…〉 (or of H • ll.)

Vers. 11. Their fruit] that is, their children, called [unspec 11] the fruit of the body and womb, Psal. 127. 3. and 132. 11. Deut. 28. 4. or their labor and that which comes thereof; as Prov. 31. 16. 31. their seed] that is, children, or posterity, Psal. 22. 24. 31. and • 7. 25. Gen. • 7. 7. 10.

Vers. 12. shall not be able] to wit, to stablish, (as [unspec 12] the Greek explaineth) or, to effect it. After this word can, or able, there often wanteth a word to be understood: see Psal. 101. 5.

Vers. 13. a Butt] to shoot at; Hebr. a shoulder; [unspec 13] because the earth is heaped up like shoulders. The Chaldee paraphraseth, thou hast set them to thy people as one shoulder. make ready] or fit, namely thine arrows against their faces. The Chaldee otherwise, in the cords of thy Tent thou wilt order thy law before them.

Annotations.

THe Hind of the morning] meaning Christ, who [unspec 1] as a Hind was by Jews and Gentiles, the dogs, verse. 7. hunted and worroughed in the morning, John 18. 28. and also rose from death the third day early in the morning, John. 20. 1. when God had made his feet like Hinds feet, and set him on his high places, Psal. 18 34. Compare with this, Song 2. 9. 17. and 8. 14. where Christ is also likened to a young Hart. And in Psal. 49. 15. the resurrection is called, the morning; for then the true light of comfort and salvation shall appear. A Hind called in Hebrew Aijeleth, hath the name of prowess or fortitude, (as in the 20 verse of this Psalm, Aejaluth is fortitude,) and so it may be understood for the strength (or fortitude) of the morning, that is, the help and power of God to raise up Christ from the dead; which may be the meaning of the Greek translation, for the morning help. Some of the Jews have interpreted it, the morning star; which (although the word be nowhere else found in Scripture, for a star,) agreeth also to our Lord Christ, who is entitled, the bright morning star, Rev. 20. 16. Others, applying this title to the Music, retain the Hebrew words still; A 〈…〉 eleth hasshachar. The Chaldee expoundeth it, To praise (God) for the mighty continual sacrifice.

Vers. 2. My God, my God, &c.] Christ speaketh [unspec 2] this Psalm to God his Father. The Hebrew is, Aeli, Aeli, lammah ghnazabtani; which words our Lord uttered on the cross, Mat. 27. 46. (save for the later, he used the Syriac, sabachtani, of the same signification.) At which the profane Jews mocked, saying that he called for Elias, Mat. 27. 47. 49. Wherefore hast thou forsaken me] or, why leavest thou me? They are the words of saith, striving in temptation, and do imply both a hope of, and a prayer for deliverance, as it is noted on Psal. 10. 1. See the like also in Psal. 42. 10. and 43. 2. my roaring] this argueth great grief of heart, uttered with loud complaint: So Psal. 38. 9. and 32. 3. Job 3. 24. And Christ, in the days of his flesh, offered up prayers, with strong crying and tears, to him that was able to save him from death, Heb. 5. 7.

Vers. 3. no silence to me] or, but I have no silence: [unspec 3] and consequently, no rest or ease. So Job 30. 20. 27.

Vers. 4. sitting] or sittest, that is, abidest still one [unspec 4] and the same; as Psal. 9. 8. and 55. 20. and 102. 13. or fittest, to wit, still; as Ruth. 3. 18. that is, risest not up to help me: or sittest, that is, inhabitest, as Psal. 9. 12. and 132. 15. The Chaldee translateth, which stablishest the world for the praises of Israel. the praises] in Greek, the praise of Israel; that is, art he to whom Israel singeth all praises for deliverances, and of whom Israel glory • th in all time of need. So Moses said to Israel, he is thy praise, Deut. 10. 21. and Ier. 17. 14.

Vers. 7. a worm] that is, weak, (as the Chaldee [unspec 7] explaineth it) wretched, and trodden underfoot. So Job 25. 6. Isa. 41. 14.

Vers. 8. make a mow] make an opening with the [unspec 8] lip; which may be taken both for mowing or thrusting out of the lip, and for licentious opening thereof to speak reproach. wag the head] a sign also of scorn, Esa. 37 22. Mat. 27. 39. Job 16. 4. Psal. 44. 15. Lam. 2. 15.

Vers. 9. He confidently turned] or rolled; that is, [unspec 9] trusted, as in the New Testament this phrase is explained, Mat. 27. 43. where they mock at Christ. The Hebrew applieth this word roll or turn, figuratively to a confident committing of ones self, ways, or actions unto another; as here, so in Psal. 37. 5. Prov. 16. 3. and Gol, properly is Roll thou, but put for he rolled, or trusted; as the like phrase, make the heart of this people fat, &c. Esa. 6. 10. is thus resolved, this people's heart is waxed fat, &c. Mat. 13. 15. or it is the indefinite, to turn, for he turned; as in Esth. 9 16. to stand, is used for they stood.

Vers. 11. been cast from the womb] that is, from [unspec 11] my infancy committed to thy care and custody. So elsewhere he faith, the Lord hath called me from the womb • , &c. Esa. 49. 1. Contrariwise, the wicked are estranged from the womb, Psal. 58. 4.

Vers. 13. bullocks] chat is, strong and lusty persons, such as were the high Priests, scribes, &c. that set [unspec 13] against Christ. So the Chaldee expoundeth, people's like pushing bulls. mighty bulls of Basan] which was a fertile country, good to feed cattle, Num. 32. 4. and such as there fed, were fat and strong, Deu. 32. 14. Ezech. 39. 18. The Jews were the bulls of Basan, as the Prophets foretold, Deut. 32. 15. Amos 4. 1. Hos. 4. 16. and the history showeth, Mat. 27. Here the word bulls is to be supplied unto the word mighty, as also in Psal. 50. 13. and 68. 31. See the notes on Psal. 10. 10.

Vers. 14. wide opened] or, gaped; and this also is a sign of reproach and contempt, Job 16. 10. Lam. [unspec 14] 3. 46. and 2. 16.

Vers. 15. dispart themselves] or, are sundered, that is, out of joint. as wax] that is, tender, and [unspec 15] melting through faintness and fear, Psal. 68. 3. and 57. 5. Like this is Job's complaint, God hath softened my heart, Job 23. 16. So the word following molten, noteth fear and discouragement, Josh. 7. 5. and 14. 8. Deut. 20. 8. The Greek translateth, as molten wax.

Vers. 16. cleaveth] or, is made cleave to my jaws, [unspec 16] which phrase meaneth inability to speak, Psal. 137. 6. Job 29. 10. Ezek. 3. 25. and sometime extremity of thirst, Lam. 4. 4. and so may have reference here to that thirst which our Savior felt, John. 19. 28. hast brought me down] or set and bounded me in the dust of death, meaning death it self, or the grave which turneth men to dust, Gen. 3. 19. the Chaldee turneth it, the house of the grave. See Psal. 7. 6.

Vers. 17. dogs] the Greek addeth, many dogs, that is, base and vile persons of rancorous disposition, [unspec 17] Job 30. 1. Prov. 26. 11. Rev. 22. 15. Mat. 7. 6. Phil. 3. 2. Psal. 59. 7. 15. So the Chaldee paraphraseth, a company of wicked sinners which are like to many dogs. These were the high Priests and rulers of Israel, of whom it is said, that Pilate knew well that for envy they had delivered Jesus, Mat. 27. 18. they Lion-like pierced] The original hath a double reading, Caari, like a lion, and Caru, they digged or pierced. This latter the Greek followeth: but the Chaldee in the Masorites Bible keepeth both readings, they did • ite like a Lion. This was fulfilled in the nailing of our Lord to the cross, by his feet and hands, Mat. 27. 35. John. 20. 25.

Vers. 18. did view me] or see in me; namely, [unspec 18] their desire or lust, or the affliction upon me, they saw with delight. See the like phrase, Psal. 54. 9. and 59. 11. and 1187.

Vers. 19. for my coat] or, my vesture: The Soldiers, when they had crucified Jesus, took his garments [unspec 19] (and made four parts, to every Soldier a part) and his coat; and the coat was without seam, woven from the top throughout. Therefore they said one to another, Let us not divide it, but cast lots for it, whose it shall be, that the Scripture might be fulfilled, &c. Job. 19. 23, 24.

Vers. 21. from the sword] the Chaldee saith, from [unspec 21] them that kill with the sword. my alonely soul] which is one alone, solitary and desolate. So after in Psal. 35. 17. and 25. 16. and 68. 7. the Chaldee expounds it, the spirit of my body. hand of the dog] the power of the devil, the prince of this world, who then came to Christ, but had naught in him, Job 14. 30. Or dog is put for dogs, meaning the malicious Jews spoken of before, verse 17. and hand is often put for power: see Psal. 63. 11.

Vers. 22. mouth of the Lion] to the Devil is named, [unspec 22] 1 Pet. 5. 8. and wicked rulers, Pro. 28. 15. Ier. 50. 17. The Chaldee here saith, from the mouth of him that is strong as a Lion, and from Kings mighty and proud like Unicorns. horns of Unicorns] the Devils Angels, principalities, powers, worldly governors, princes of the darkness of this world, &c. Ephe. 6. 12. The Unicorn is so fierce and wild, that he will not be tamed, Job 39. 12, 13. &c. and his strength and pride is in his horn. See Psal. 92. 11. Num. 23. 22. Deut. 33. 17. Esa. 34. 7. thou hast answered] for, answer thou me; a speech of faith, inserted in his prayer; therefore next followeth thanksgiving. Answering is here used for safe delivering upon prayer: as the Chaldee translateth, hast accepted my prayer.

Vers. 23. to my brethren] the disciples and believers [unspec 23] of Christ: for he that sanctifieth, and we which are sanctified, are all of one; for which cause he is not ashamed to call us brethren, Heb. 2. 11, 12. John. 20. 17. the Church] or Convocation, Assembly, Congregation.

Vers. 26. Of thee, my praise] or From with thee, [unspec 26] shall be my praise: it shall begin and continue of thee, thou art the cause and ground thereof. the great Church] either that assembly where Christ after his resurrection personally appeared to moe than five hundred brethren at once, 1 Cor. 15. 6. or the great Church of the Gentiles, with whom Christ is spiritually present, Mat. 28. 19, 20. So after in Psal. 40. 10, 11.

Vers. 27. and be satisfied] It was a curse of the [unspec 27] Law, that men should eat and not be satisfied, Levite. 26. 26. Mic. 6. 14. but it is a blessing of the Gospel, that the meek and needy shall eat and have enough, Psal. 132. 15. God filleth the hungry with good things, and sends away the rich empty, Luke 1. 53. The meek meaneth the regenerate, who are mortified with Christ, and their fierce nature made meek and humble. your heart shall live] he turneth his speech to the meek and seekers of God, who should eat of Christ's flesh that was given for the life of the world, and thereby live forever, John. 6. 51. The living of the heart, importeth also the cheering, comfort and solace of the same, Gen. 45. 27. the contrary whereof is in the dying of the heart, 1 Sam. 25. 37. See also the like promise, Psal. 69. 33. The Chaldee yieldeth this sense, The spirit of prophesy shall rest in the thoughts of their heart forever.

Vers. 28. All the ends, &c.] that is, the dwellers [unspec 28] in the utmost parts and ends of the world. A prophesy of the calling of the Gentiles, by the preaching of the Gospel; Rom. 16. 26. Eph. 2. 1, 2, &c. remember] the Chaldee addeth, remember his miracles. families of the heathens] or, kindreds of the nations; whereof see Gen. 10. 5, 18, 20, 31, 32.

Vers. 29. ruler among the heathens] to reign over them by his Word and Spirit, and so to be [unspec 29] God, not of the Jews only, but also of the Gentiles, Rom. 3. 29, 30.

Vers. 30. All the fat ones] that is, the rich and [unspec 30] mighty personages, fat with plenty, Deut. 31. 20. For, Kings and Queens, and men of authority and wealth, are also called to the participati • of Christ's grace in his Church, Isaiah 60. 3, 5, 10. Rev. 21. 24. 1 Tim. 2. 1, 2. Sometime fatness is used to note out God's spiritual blessings, Psal. 36. 9. and 63. 6. and 65. 12. and 92. 15. Prov. 28. 25. all that go down to the dust] this is, the poor base and wretched people, which for their misery and affliction, are said to go down and sit in the dust, as Psal. 113. 7. Isaiah 47. 1. and 29. 4. Job 30. 19. Lament. 3. 29. but the Chaldee expounds it, the house of the grave. that quickeneth not] or cannot quicken; that is, the poor wretched man, that doth not, (or cannot, as Psal. 77. 5.) keep alive his soul; that cannot nourish him-self, he shall eat. So to keep alive, is to nourish, Esa. 7. 21. Or, he that revived, that is, cheered not, nor refreshed his soul with comfort, as before, verse. 27. or, he that cannot keep alive his soul, that is, not save it from wrath and eternal death, by his own works, he shall live by faith in Christ. So this phrase to keep the soul alive, is used, Ezek. 18. 27. The Chaldee giveth this sense, and he will not keep alive the soul of the wicked.

Vers. 31. A seed] The posterity of those godly [unspec 31] forementioned, for God chooseth the seed with the parents, Deut. 10. 15. and 30. 6, 19. Psal. 69. 37. and 102. 29. Isaiah 43. 5. and 44. 3. Or the seed of Christ, the children which God giveth him, as Esa. 53. 10. Hebr. 2. 13. Or a seed, that is, a small remnant, as Rom. 9. 29. the Chaldee saith, the seed of Abraham. for a generation] a race of God's children, as Psal. 73. 15. and 24. 6. or, to generation, that is, forever, through all ages.

Vers. 32. They shall come] The Chaldee explaineth it, Their sons shall come. his justice] the [unspec 32] justice of God, which is by faith in Christ, Psal. 71. 〈◊〉 , 16, 24. Rom. 10. 3, 4. people that shall be 〈◊〉 ] hereafter to come; or, a people borne, that is, regenerate, Psal. 87. 4 5. John. 1. 13. 1 Pet. 1. 33. So, people created, Psal. 102. 19. that he hath done] hath performed, or accomplished that justice, and all things appertaining to it. The Greek referreth it to the people, whom the Lord hath made: the Chaldee, to the marvelous works which he hath done.

Annotations.

FEedeth me] or, is my Feeder, my Pastor. The [unspec 1] word comprehendeth all duties of a good Herd, as together feeding, guiding, governing, and defending his flock. Therefore Kings also have this title, and are said to feed their people, Psal. 78. 71, 72. 2 Sam. 5. 2. Hereupon it is attributed to God, and to Christ, feeding his Church, as the Shepherd of their souls, Psal. 80. 2. Ezek. 34. 12, 14, 15. Isaiah 40. 11. John. 10. 11. 1 Pet. 2. 25. The Chaldee referreth this to a former work, saying▪ The Lord fed his people in the wilderness, they lacked nothing.

Vers. 2. of budding grass] pleasant pastures and [unspec 2] leas, where green and tender herbs do spring. he maketh me] or, will make me lie down, to wit, for rest from heat. This also is another duty of a good Herder, as, I will feed my flock, and I will make them lie down, saith the Lord, Ezek. 34. 15. and, Shew me, O thou whom my soul loveth, where thou feedest, where thou makest lie down at noon, Song 1. 6. easily leadeth] or comfortably • uideth me; it noteth a soft and gentle leading, with sustaining of infirmity, as Gen. 33. 14. Isaiah 40. 11. Therefore the Greek turneth it, he nourisheth me. So Psal. 31. 4. by waters] or unto waters of rests, that is, most quiet (or calm) waters, and such as give rest and refreshing. All these things Christ performeth to his flock, as it is written, They shall hunger no more, neither thirst anymore, neither shall the Sun light on them, nor any heat; for the Lamb which is in the midst of the throne shall feed them, and shall lead them to the lively fountains of waters, Revel. 7. 16, 17.

Vers. 3. returneth my soul] or, will return or restore [unspec 3] it, and consequently give it rest. See Psalm. 19. 8.

Vers. 4. shade of death] that is, dark and dreadful [unspec 4] shadow; and in a manner, the very state of death. This speech denoteth imminent danger, Jer. 2. 6. sore affliction, Psal. 44. 20. and 107. 10. 14. fear and terror, Job 24. 17. and dreadful darkness, Job 10. 21, 22. whereto spiritually is opposed the light and comfort of the Gospel and grace of Christ, Mat. 4. 16. Luke 1. 79. wilt be with me] or, art with me: and this implieth his good, safety, and protection. As when God said, I will be with thee, Gen. 31. 3. Jacob understood it thus, I will do thee good, Gen. 32. 9. for God's presence is a singular favor, and our preeminence, Exod. 33. 15, 16. The Chaldee expoundeth it, thy Word shall be for my help. thy rod] with such shepherds use to guide and rule their flocks, Levite. 27. 32. and with such the Lord is said to rule his people, Ezek. 20. 37. Wherefore the Prophet prayeth, feed thy people with thy rod, Mic. 7. 14. The rod is also for chastening and punishment, Psal. 89. 33. And for the rebellious God hath a rod of iron and indignation, Psal. 2. 9. Lam. 3. 1. Of Christ's rods or staves wherewith he feeds his flock, see Zach. 11. 7. &c. The Chaldee translateth thy rod and thy law.

Vers. 5. Thou furnishest] or wilt furnish, and [unspec 5] make ready a table. This and the things following, note the abundant supply of all good things, for necessity and for delight, as at a sumptuous banquet, Prov. 9. 2, &c. So by Christ the good shepherd, his sheep find pasture, have life, and have it in abundance, John. 10. 9, 10. in presence] or before them, which causeth the enemies that see, to grieve, as Psal. 112. 10. makest fat] that is, plenteously m • istenest and supplest with oil or balsam. In those countries they used to welcome and cheare their guests with pouring out precious sweet oils or balsam upon their heads, Luke 7. 46. John. 12. 3. It signifieth joy, Eccles. 9. 8. Isaiah 61. 3. The Chaldee applieth it to the Priests of Israel, thou hast made the Priests heads fat with the anointing oil. is abundant] to wit, with liquor, (as the word importeth) for to drink my fill.

Vers. 6. converse] or quietly repose myself, and [unspec 6] dwell, as the Greek translateth it. Likewise the Chaldee, saying, I shall dwell in the house of the Lord's Sanctuary. to length of days] that is, a long life-time, or forever. See Psal. 21. 5. and 93. 5.

Annotations.

APsalme of David] unto this title the Greek [unspec 1] addeth, of the first day of the week: meaning that this Psalm was wont to be sung in the Temple every first day of the week, which now with us is the Lord's day, the Christians Sabbath: and of Christ his Church and kingdom, and the entertaining of his Gospel, doth this Psalm treat. In Solomon's Temple God ordained Levites with Cymbals, Psalteries and Harps, and Priests with Trumpets, and other Levites that were singers, and in the time that the burnt-offering began, the song of the Lord began with trumpets and instruments, and they sang praises with the words of David, and of Asaph, 2 Chron. 29. 25,—30. The Hebrew Doctors recording their daily service in the Sanctuary, write thus; They said not the Song, but over the burnt-offerings of the Congregation, and the sacrifices of their peace-offerings that are spoken of in the Law, &c. The Song which the Levites said in the first day, was (Psalm. 24.) The earth is the LORD'S, and the plenty thereof. In the second (day) they said (the 48. Psal.) Great is the LORD, and praised vehemently in the city of our God, &c. In the third they said (the 82. Psalm,) God standeth in the assembly of God, he judgeth in the midst of the gods. In the fourth they said (the 94. Psalm) O God of vengeances, &c. In the fifth they said (the 81. Psalm,) Shout joyfully unto God our strength, &c. In the sixth they said (the 93. Psalm,) The Lord reigneth, is clothed with high Majesty, &c. In the Sabbath they said (the 92. Psalm,) A Psalm, a Song for the Sabbath day. Maimonides in Misneh, tom. 3. in Tamidin, (or Treat. of the Daily sacrifices,) chap. 6. sect. 7, 8, 9. The earth is Jehovah's] or To Jehovah the earth belongeth. Of him, and by him, and for him are all things; yet in special he hath chosen Jacob's posterity for to be his people, verse. 6. Thus David maketh use of Moses doctrine, who said, Loe, to Jehovah thy God pertain the heavens, and the heavens of heavens, the earth and all that therein is: notwithstanding, Jehovah set his delight in thy fathers to love them, and did choose their seed after them, even you above all people's, as appeareth this day, Deut. 10. 14, 15. See also another use of this doctrine, in 1 Cor. 10. 26, 28. where the Apostle proveth, that every creature in the earth may be used of Christians for food, or otherwise, because all is the Lord's, and in Christ ours. plenty] or, fullness, that is, all contained therein, as the Chaldee expoundeth it, the creatures thereof. So, the plenty of the sea, Isaiah 42. 10. the plenty of the city, Amos. 6. 8. and sundry the like. that sit] that is, dwell or inhabit, as it is noted on Psal. 1. 1. The like manner of speaking the holy Ghost useth also in Greek, Luke 21. 35. on all them that sit on the face of the whole earth. So Psa. 69. 36. and often otherwhere.

Vers. 2. upon the seas] or above them. The earth is said to be founded (or fast settled) upon the seas, (the [unspec 2] heaps of waters were called seas, Gen. 1. 10.) because the waters which naturally would stand above the high mountains, Psal. 104. 6. are by the word of God gathered together, and thrust under the earth, that the dry land might appear and be inhabited, Exod. 20. 4. Gen. 1. 9. And these which may seem a most weak and flitting foundation, yet are firm bases, and mighty foundations, Psal. 104. 5. Mic. 6. 2. to magnify God's power, who as he brought light out of darkness, so settleth he the solid earth on the liquid waters; yea, hangeth the earth upon nothing, Job 26. 7.

Vers. 3. Who shall ascend] The Chaldee paraphraseth, [unspec 3] Who shall be worthy to ascend unto the mountain of the house of the Sanctuary of the Lord?

Vers. 4. The clean in hands] He whose hands or palms are clean, or free of evil. So Job 17. 9. [unspec 4] This noteth good works, as pureness of heart meaneth holy faith and affections, Act. 15. 9. not lifted up his soul] or, my soul. The Hebrew hath two readings; by the letters in the line, his soul, and in the margin, my soul; as if this were spoken in the person of God, and of him; which then may be understood of swearing. For this form of words is used in the third Commandment, Exod. 20. Thou shalt not lift up (or take up) the name of Jehovah thy God to false vanity. But for Name, here is put Soul. And God is said to swear by his soul, that is, by himself, or his life, Ier. 51. 14. Amos 6. 8. It was also the wont in Israel to take an oath thus, As the Lord liveth, and as thy soul liveth, 1 Sam. 20. 3. 2 King. 2. 2, 4, 6. Also concerning a man's own soul, in swearing this form was used, I call God for a record against my soul, 2 Cor. 1. 23. And thus the Chaldee expounds it, which hath not sworn in vain to the condemnation of his soul. Otherwise, if this be not understood of vain swearing, the meaning is, he that affecteth not, or regardeth not vanity; for so the lifting up of the soul also signifieth; see Psal. 25. 1. to deceit] or, deceitfully.

Vers. 5. He shall receive] or shall take up, or bear [unspec 5] away a blessing. justice] or righteousness; whereof see Phil. 3. 9. Psal. 69. 28. Hereby also may be meant a benefit, the fruit or reward of righteousness. The Greek turneth it mercy, or alms: and by justice, mercies and benefits are sometimes meant, Judge. 5. 11. Psal. 112. 9. Dan. 4. 24.

Vers. 6. of Jacob] understand, this is the generation [unspec 6] of Jacob, or, this is Jacob; these are true Israelites, whom God will acknowledge for his, John. 1. 47. Rom. 9. 6. Jacob when he wrestled with an Angel, saw God face to face, and called the place Peniel, that is, God's face or presence; there he wept and prayed, and bare away a blessing, Gen. 32. 24, 26, 29, 30. Hos. 12. 4. That history hath use here.

Vers. 7. Lift up ye gates &c.] This may first [unspec 7] have reference to the gates and doors of the Temple, into which the Ark (the glory of Israel, 1 Sam. 4. 21.) should enter; on which Ark, between the Cherubims, God was said to dwell, 1 Sam. 4. 4. 1 King. 8. 1, &c. So the Chaldee expoundeth it, gates of the house of the Sanctuary; though in the 9. verse otherwise, saying, Lift up, O ye gates of the garden of Eden, your heads. Secondly, it may be referred to Christian men, which are the true temple of God, 1 Cor. 3. 17. at the door of whose hearts he knocketh to have entrance, Rev. 3. 20. doors of eternity] that is, strong durable, everlasting doors: which being referred to the doors of Solomon's Temple, note the perpetual abiding of God's Ark therein, as 1 King. 9. 3. Psal. 132. 13, 14. whereas before the Ark was removed from place to place, 1 Chron. 17. 5. Or being applied to Christians, it noteth the eternal durance of the Church. that enter may] or, and enter shall the King of glory, that is, the glorious King; So Christ is called the Lord of glory, 1 Cor. 2. 8. I am. 2. 1. and the opening of the doors before him, signifieth his entrance into, and administration of the Kingdom, as Isa. 45. 1.

Vers. 10. Jehovah of hosts] or, as the Hebrew is, [unspec 10] Jehovah Tsebaoth, for so the word is used by the Apostles, untranslated in the Greek, Sabaoth, Rom. [unspec] 9. 29. Jam. 5. 4. It signifieth hosts or armies standing ready in martial order, and in battle ray, and comprehendeth all creatures in heaven and in earth, which are pressed to do the will of God, Gen. 2. 1. [unspec] 1. King. 22. 19. Exod. 12. 41.

Annotations.

OF David] This Psalm is composed after the [unspec 1] order of the Hebrew letters or Alphabet: which care denoteth the weight and excellency of the matter in it. The same is to be observed of some other Psalms, as the 34. and 37. and 111. and 112. and 119. and 145. Lift I up my soul] The Chaldee addeth, in prayer. This signifieth an earnest desire, with delight and expectation or hope to have what he would. For to lift up the soul, is to desire, Ier. 22. 27. and 44. 14. and a like phrase in Ezek. 24. 25. implieth both desire and delight; and in Deut. 24. 15. the poor man is said to lift up his soul unto his hire or wages, hoping by it to have his life sustained. In this place, every of these hath use, and so in Psal. 86. 4.

Vers. 2. In thee] the Chaldee expoundeth it, In [unspec 2] thy Word: so in verse. 3. not be abashed] that is, not disappointed of my hope, nor vanquished by my foes. See Psal. 6. 11. show gladness] insult or triumph for joy, as having got the victory, 2 Chron. 20. 27.

Vers. 3. yea all] or, Yea any: for, whosoever believeth [unspec 3] in God shall not be ashamed, Rom. 10. 10. earnestly expect] or patiently hope. they shall be] or prayer-wise, let them be. Unfaithfully transgress] that deal disloyally, contrary to duty, promise, and trust reposed in them. So elsewhere he prayeth, that no grace be shown to such, Psa. 59. 6. in vain] or without cause, and without fruit, Psal. 7. 5.

Vers. 4. Thy ways] that is, thy true faith and religion, [unspec 4] as Act. 18. 25, 26. and thy guidance of me therein. So Moses prayed, Exod. 33. 13. learn me thy paths,] inure me with thy paths, or journeys. Learning implieth are and exercise, and informing by customable practice.

Vers. 5. Make me to tread] or to go; guide my [unspec 5] way in thy truth, that is, in thy word, for that is the truth, John. 17. 17. 3 Joh. 3. So after, verse. 9.

Vers. 6. tender mercies] or bowels of compassion: [unspec 6] See Psal. 18. 2. This word noteth the inward affections, as the next, kind mercies, imply the actions or effects of love. from eternity] or, from ever. This in human affairs sometime meaneth but of old, or a long while, Gen. 6. 4. Isaiah 42. 14. But here and else-where it noteth the eternity of God's love, which was firm unto his before the world was, 2 Tim. 1. 9. Eph. 1. 4. so shown throughout all generations, and is in like sort forever, or to eternity, Psal. 100. 5. because our firm happiness shall have no end, Dan. 12. 3. 1 Pet. 1. 4. And these both are conjoined, Psal. 103. 17.

Vers. 7. Sins of my youth] The imagination [unspec 7] of man's heart is evil from his youth, Gen. 8. 21. and of all man's life, youth commonly is most vain, Eccles. 11. 9, 10. for which God often punisheth men in their age, so making them (as Job saith) to inherit the iniquities of their youth, Job 13. 26. Ier. 3. 25.

Vers. 8. will he teach] or inform with the law; [unspec 8] for of this word the Law is derived, Psal. 19. 8. sinners in the way] that is, such as sin and miss the right way, God will teach and reduce them: thus the Greek interpreteth it. Or, those that are sinners he will teach and inform in the way that is right, or in his way, as verse. 9.

Vers. 9. to tread in judgment] to walk judiciously, [unspec 9] and as is right and fit.

Vers. 10. his covenant] his testament all bond or [unspec 10] league, called in Hebrew Brith, w ^ch hath the signification of brotherly or friendly parting, & of explaining the conditions of agreement. For at the making of solemn covenants, beasts were killed and parted asunder, and the covenant-makers went between the parts, Gen. 15. 9, 10. 17. Ier. 34. 18. Hereupon is the phrase of cutting (or striking) a covenant, Psal. 50. 5. and 83. 6. and 89. 4. The Apostles in Greek call it diathekee, a testament, a testamentall covenant or disposing of things, Heb. 8. 8. from Ier. 31. 31. And there be two principal covenants or testaments; the first, that which God made with our fathers, when he brought them out of Egypt; the sum whereof was contained in the ten commandments written by the finger of God, Deut. 4. 13. Exod. 24. 28. 1 King. 8. 21. & the other laws written by Moses in a book, called the book of the covenant, 2 King. 23. 2. Exod. 24. 4. 7. The second covenant is that new testament all bond, which God hath made with us in Christ, established upon better promises, and confirmed by the blood and death of Christ the testator, as the first was by the blood and death of beasts, Luke 22. 20. Heb. 8. 6. 8. and 9. 16, 17, 18, &c.

Vers. 11. even mercisully pardon] or, therefore thou wilt mercifully forgive. This David taketh from [unspec 11] Moses, who first used this word in a case of great offense, Exod. 34. 9. and it betokeneth to spare or pardon upon pacification, of grace and mercy; and is interpreted by the Apostle in Greek, to be mercicifull, propitious or appeased, Heb. 8. 12. from Ier. 31. 34. Often used in the Law, for forgiveness upon oblation or intercession made by the Priest, Lev. 4. 20. 26. 31. 35. and 5. 10. 13. 16. 18. &c.

Vers. 12. Who is the man] or, What manner of man shall he be? The Hebrew phrase is, Who this the [unspec 12] man: which also may be resolved, Whosoever is the man. he shall choose] that is, which he shall love and like; or, which he loveth. So chosen, Isa. 42. 1. is translated in Greke, beloved, Matt. 12. 18. Or, which he shall require and command; for so choosing sometime signifieth, 2 Sam. 19. 38. and 15. 15.

Vers. 13. lodge in good] that is, continue in good estate, case and prosperity. So lodging is for continuance, [unspec 13] Job 17. 2. Prov. 19. 23. and for good, the Chaldee saith, the blessedness of the world to come: the Greek translateth, in good things. the land] meaning Canaan, the land promised for a possession to Abraham and his seed, Gen. 15. 7. and 12. 7. called therefore the land of promise, Heb. 11. 9. & elsewhere, the holy land, Zach. 2. 12. the Lord's land, Ps. 10. 16. the land of Immanuel, that is, of Christ, Isa. 8. 8. a land flowing with milk & honey, and the pleasantast of all lands, Ezek. 20. 6. the seat of God's ancient Church, and figure of his Kingdom.

Vers. 14. The secret] or The mystery of the [unspec 14] Lord; meaning that his secret favor is towards them, and his secret counsel and mystery of the faith is revealed unto them: for so this word noteth, as when Job saith, God's secret was upon his tabernacle, meaning his favor and providence, Job 29. 4. and God's secret is his counsel, Job 15. 8. Ier. 23. 18. 22. and the hid thing of Christ are often called a mystery, Rom. 16. 25. 1 Cor. 2. 7. and 4. 1. 1 Tim. 3. 9. 16. Eph. 3. 3. 4. 9. Col. 1. 26, 27. So Prov. 3. 32.

Vers. 16. turn the face] or Have respect unto [unspec 16] me. This was a blessing promised in the law, Levite. 26. 9. I will turn the face unto you, and make you increase. Contrary to this is the hiding of God's face, Psal. 69. 17, 18. solitary] alone or desolate; see Psal. 22. 21.

Vers. 17. are enlarged] or do enlarge themselves, [unspec 17] do make wide roomth. He showeth his heart to be penned in with straights and distressing sorrows, which largely spread themselves overall. vexations] or anguishes, tribulations, which press and wring.

Vers. 18. See my affliction] This phrase is taken [unspec 18] from Deut. 26. 7. he saw our affliction. And it here meaneth, a seeing and regarding with compassion, and so, a redress and help, Gen. 29. 22. Exod. 3, 7, 8. Psal. 31. 8. and 119. 153. and 106. 44. Sometime it meaneth otherwise, as in the next verse, See my enemies. forgive] or lift up, take away. This word which properly signifieth to take up or bear, is applied to forgiveness of sins, Rom. 4. 7. from Psal. 32. 1. and the phrase hath reference to Christ, who bare and took away the sins of the world, John. 1. 29. For when it is applied to a man himself, bearing his own sin, it meaneth guilt and punishment, Num 5. 31.

Vers. 19. of violent wrong] that is, most violent [unspec 19] or wrongful hatred.

Vers. 22. his distresses] or their distresses, for [unspec 22] Israel being put for the whole people, may have with it a word singular or plural, which the Hebrew text also often showeth; as, all Edom was, 2 Sam. 8. 14. or all Edom were, 1 Chron. 18. 13. The like is in 2 King. 23. 30. with 2 Chron. 36. 1. He took, or they took, speaking of the people.

Annotations.

IN my perfection] or, integrity, simplicity: and [unspec 1] that is, when a man meaneth not, nor witteth of any evil, 2 Sam. 15. 11. Such a walker walketh confidently, and blessed shall be his children after him, Prov. 10. 9. and 20. 7. in Jehovah] Chaldee, in the word of the Lord.

Vers. 2. try my reins] examine as in the fire my inmost [unspec 2] affections. Thus Job also offered himself to trial, Job. 31. 6.

Vers. 3. I walk] to wit, continually, (as the [unspec 3] form of this word importeth,) or converse. The Greek saith, I have pleased: so to walk with God, is to please God, Heb. 11. 5.

Vers. 4. men of false vanity] that is, vain mortal men, or false persons, Job 11. 11. So Jeremiah [unspec 4] saith, he sat not in the secret assembly of mockers, Ier. 15. 17. the hidden] that is, hypocrites, dissemblers, secret evil doers: as the Chaldee saith, with them that hide themselves to do evil. I enter not] or come not, that is, have no company, or conversation. So the word is also used, Ios 23. 7.

Vers. 5. church of evil doers] the malignant [unspec 5] church; or congregation.

Vers. 6. my hands with cleanness] or palms in [unspec 6] innocence. He hath respect to the washing which God appointed for such as came to his altar, Exod. 40 32. Hereupon we are willed to lift up pure hands when we pray unto God, 1 Tim. 2. 8. See also Isaiah. 1. 15, 16.

Vers. 7. To cause to hear] that is, to sound [unspec 7] forth, or proclaim so as may be heard. So Psal. 66. 8. and 106. 2. And in 1 Chron. 15. 16. David appointed Levites with instruments, to cause to hear, or to resound, lifting up the voice with joy.

Vers. 8. mansion] or habitation. This name is given [unspec 8] to the tabernacle which Moses made, and God dwelt in, 1 Sā 2. 29. 32. & afterward to Solomon's temple, 2 Chron. 36. 15. And heaven it self is also thus called, Deut. 26. 15. where there are many mansions, John. 14. 2. of the habitation] or the habitacle, the tabernacle. The tent which Moses made, was thus called, Exod. 26. 1. 6. and Solomon's house, 2 Chron. 29. 6. In Exod. 40. 34, 35. it is shown, how God's glory filled that tabernacle, when he first took possession of it; whereupon it is here called the habitacle of his glory (or honor:) and elsewhere, the habitacle of the Lord, Levite. 17. 4. and of his name, Psal. 74. 7.

Vers. 9 Gather not my soul] Gathering is used [unspec 9] for taking away, as Ier. 16. 5. Esa. 4. 1. and so for death, Esa. 57. 1. 1 Sam. 15. 6. Ezek. 34. 29. and sometime is expressed, to whom they are gathered; as, to their fathers, to their people, to the grave, 2 King. 22. 20. Num. 20. 24. 26. and what is gathered, the soul, as here; or the ghost, the spirit, as Psal. 104. 29. So David here desireth that God would not take away his life among sinners, that is, with such as for their crimes deserve to die: as 1 King. 1. 21. Contrariwise, gathering is sometime used for gracious receiving or succouring, as Psal. 27. 10. men of bloods] blood-guilty persons. See Psal. 5. 7. The Chaldee expoundeth it, with men that shed innocent blood.

Vers. 10. a mischievous purpose] craftily devised [unspec 10] evil. The Chaldee translateth it, counsel of sin; the Greek, iniquities. See Psal. 10. 2. Sometime this word is generally used for any abominable evil, Levite. 18. 17. and 19. 29. and 20. 14. full of bribes] and consequently, of injustice; for bribes cause justice to be perverted, Deut. 16. 19. Contrariwise, God's right hand is full of justice, Psal. 48. 11.

Vers. 12. in righteousness] or, in a right, even [unspec 12]